Systems and Methods for Restoring Service Within Electrical Power Systems

• US 20140285154A1
• Filed: 09/13/2012
• Published: 09/25/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 10/31/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Hitachi Energy Limited (Hitachi, Ltd.)
• Original Assignee: ABB Research Ltd. (ABB Limited)
• Inventors: Mohagheghi, Salman, Stoupis, James
• Granted Patent: US 9,698,616 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 320/127
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/30 AC to DC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/40 DC to AC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/72 Charging station selection relying on external data
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/80 Time limits
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2260/58 Departure time prediction
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/0069 relating to the isolation, e.g. ground fault or leak current
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/04 Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions protective devices and circuit arrangements in general H01H; H02H
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/30 using propulsion power stored mechanically, e.g. in fly-wheels
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/40 using propulsion power supplied by capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/14 Conductive energy transfer
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/65 involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/68 Off-site monitoring or control, e.g. remote control
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 55/00 Arrangements for supplying energy stored within a vehicle to a power network, i.e. vehicle-to-grid [V2G] arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/21 having the same nominal voltage
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/40 for controlling a combination of batteries and fuel cells
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00017 using optical fiber
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00034 the elements or equipment being or involving an electric power substation
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/001 Methods to deal with contingencies, e.g. abnormalities, faults or failures
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/0073 for providing alternative feeding paths between load and source when the main path fails, e.g. transformers, busbars
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/322 the battery being on-board an electric or hybrid vehicle, e.g. vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G], power aggregation, use of the battery for network load balancing, coordinated or cooperative battery charging
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/381 : Dispersed generators
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 4/00 : Circuit arrangements for mains or distribution networks not specified as ac or dc
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/00 : Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 : Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 : Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 : Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 : Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 : Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 : Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/167 : Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/40 : Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 10/126 : the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 10/14 : Energy storage units
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 30/12 : Remote or cooperative charging
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 30/14 : Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 40/124 : using wired telecommunication networks or data transmission busses

Abstract

Systems and methods for restoring service within electrical power systems are disclosed. The methods may include identifying a restoration path for an outage area within a power system, selecting a mobile energy resource connection site that is electrically connected to at least one of the restoration path and the outage area, sending power injection requests to a plurality of mobile energy resources, at least some of which may be proximate the connection site, receiving power injection acceptances from participating ones of the plurality of mobile energy resources, and implementing the restoration path. The systems may include a processor and a computer readable storage medium having a plurality of machine-readable instructions embodied thereon and con figured for execution by the processor to carryout the method.

Claims

1. A method for restoring service within an electrical power system, the method comprising:

identifying a restoration path for an outage area within the power system;

selecting a mobile energy resource connection site that is electrically connected to at least one of the restoration path and the outage area;

sending power injection requests to a plurality of mobile energy resources, at least some of which are proximate the connection site;

receiving power injection acceptances from participating ones of the plurality of mobile energy resources; and

implementing the restoration path.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the power injection requests direct the mobile energy resources to inject power at the connection site.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein implementing the restoration path comprises executing at least one switching action.

4. The method of claim 1, comprising:

determining an available power injection from the participating ones of the plurality of mobile energy resources; and

implementing the restoration path when the available power injection is sufficient to permit restoring service to at least a portion of the outage area.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the available power injection is sufficient to permit restoring service to the portion of the outage area when the available power injection has a magnitude greater than required to supply at least some loads in the outage area by at least a predetermined margin.

6. The method of claim 4, wherein the plurality of mobile energy resources is a first plurality of mobile energy resources, the available power injection is a first available power injection, and the method comprises:

sending power injection requests to a second plurality of mobile energy resources proximate the connection site when the first available power injection is insufficient to permit restoring service to the portion of the outage area;

receiving power injection acceptances from participating ones of the second plurality of mobile energy resources;

determining a second available power injection from participating ones of the first and second pluralities of mobile energy resources; and

implementing the restoration path when the second available power injection is sufficient to permit restoring service to the portion of the outage area.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of mobile energy resources are vehicles comprising electrical energy sources and the connection site is configured to selectively exchange power with the electrical energy source.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein at least some of the plurality of mobile energy resources are plug-in electric vehicles and the connection site is a charging station configured for use with the plug-in electric vehicles.

9. The method of claim 1, comprising:

isolating a fault in the electrical power system and creating the outage area; and

identifying a restoration source for the outage area.

10. The method of claim 1 embodied as a plurality of machine-readable instructions on a tangible computer readable storage medium, wherein the instructions are configured to be executed by at least one computer processor to perform the method.

22. The method of claim 1, wherein the mobile energy resources are proximate the connection site when the mobile energy resources are within an acceptable distance defined for the connection site.

11. A method for restoring service within an electrical power system, the method comprising:

identifying a restoration path for an outage area within the power system;

selecting an electric vehicle charging station electrically connected to at least one of the restoration path and the outage area;

sending discharge requests to a plurality of electric vehicles, at least some of which are proximate the charging station;

receiving discharge acceptances from participating ones of the plurality of electric vehicles; and

implementing the restoration path.

12. The method of claim 11, comprising identifying the plurality of electric vehicles as being proximate the charging station.

13. The method of claim 11, wherein the discharge requests comprise instructions to proceed to the charging station and inject power into the power system.

14. The method of claim 11, comprising:

determining an available power injection from the participating ones of the plurality of electric vehicles; and

executing at least one switching action to implement the restoration path when the available power injection is sufficient to permit restoring service to at least a portion of the outage area.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the portion of the outage area includes at least one load, and the available power injection is sufficient to permit restoring service to at least the portion of the outage area when the available power injection has a magnitude greater than required to supply the at least one load by at least a predetermined margin.

16. The method of claim 14, wherein the plurality of electric vehicles is a first plurality of electric vehicles, the available power injection is a first available power injection, and the method comprises:

identifying a second plurality of electric vehicles proximate the charging station when the first available power injection is insufficient to permit restoring service to at least the portion of the outage area;

sending discharge requests to the second plurality of electric vehicles;

receiving discharge acceptances from participating ones of the second plurality of electric vehicles;

determining a second available power injection from participating ones of the first and second pluralities of electric vehicles; and

implementing the restoration path when the second available power injection is sufficient to permit restoring service to at least the portion of the outage area.

17. The method of claim 11, wherein at least some of the plurality of electric vehicles are plug-in electric vehicles and the charging station is configured to selectively receive power from the plug-in electric vehicles.

18. The method of claim 11, comprising:

creating the outage area by isolating a fault in the electrical power system; and

identifying a restoration source for the outage area.

23. The method of claim 11, wherein the electric vehicles are proximate the charging station when the electric vehicles are within a predefined expected travel distance from the electric vehicle charging station.

19. A system for restoring service within an electrical power system, the system comprising:

a processor; and

a computer readable storage medium having a plurality of machine-readable instructions embodied thereon and configured for execution by the processor, the plurality of machine-readable instructions comprising instructions to;

identify a restoration path for an outage area within the power system;

select at least one electric vehicle charging station, wherein the selected electric vehicle charging station is electrically connected to at least one of the restoration path and the outage area;

send power injection requests to a plurality of electric vehicles, at least some of which are proximate the charging station;

receive power injection acceptances from participating ones of the plurality of electric vehicles; and

implement the restoration path.

20. The system of claim 19, wherein the outage area includes at least one load, and the instructions comprise instructions to:

determine an available power injection from the participating ones of the plurality of electric vehicles; and

implement the restoration path when the available power injection has a magnitude greater than required to supply the at least one load in the outage area by at least a predetermined margin.

21. The system of claim 20, wherein the plurality of electric vehicles is a first plurality of electric vehicles, the available power injection is a first available power injection, and the instructions comprise instructions to:

identify a second plurality of electric vehicles proximate the charging station when the first available power injection has a magnitude less than required to supply the at least one load in the outage area by at least a predetermined margin;

send power injection requests to the second plurality of electric vehicles;

receive power injection acceptances from participating ones of the second plurality of electric vehicles;

determine a second available power injection from participating ones of the first and second pluralities of electric vehicles; and

implement the restoration path when the second available power injection has a magnitude greater than required to supply the at least one load in the outage area by at least the predetermined margin.