MULTIFUNCTIONAL SUPERHYDROPHOBIC DIATOMACEOUS EARTH FOR CHEMICAL ADHESION AND COLOR CHANGE

• US 20140309343A1
• Filed: 11/11/2012
• Published: 10/16/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 11/11/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Velox Flow, Llc
• Original Assignee: United Protective Technologies
• Inventors: Venema, Peter Craig, Barbee, Brent William, Larson, Jordan Moriah
• Granted Patent: US 9,296,839 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 524/71
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2/00 Processes or devices for granulating materials , e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
• CPC Class Codes: C01P 2004/03 obtained by SEM
• CPC Class Codes: C08F 8/42 Introducing metal atoms or metal-containing groups
• CPC Class Codes: C08G 59/1477 containing nitrogen
• CPC Class Codes: C08L 95/00 Compositions of bituminous materials, e.g. asphalt, tar, pitch
• CPC Class Codes: C09C 1/3081 Treatment with organo-silicon compounds

Abstract

Provided herein is a multifunctional particle and methods of forming the same. The multifunctional particle includes: a silica particle; a hydrophobic silane; and a silane coupling agent; where each of the hydrophobic silane and the silane coupling agent are chemically bonded to the surface of the silica particle; where the multifunctional particle is superhydrophobic and chemically reactive.

Claims

1. A multifunctional particle comprising:

a silica particle;

a hydrophobic silane; and

a silane coupling agent;

wherein each of the hydrophobic silane and the silane coupling agent are chemically bonded to the surface of the silica particle;

wherein the multifunctional particle is superhydrophobic and chemically reactive.

2. The particle of claim 1, wherein the silica particle comprises a diatomaceous earth particle, a fused silica particle, or a rice husk ash particle.

3. The particle of claim 1, wherein the hydrophobic silane and the silane coupling agent are simultaneously bonded to the surface of the silica particle.

4. The particle of claim 1, wherein the hydrophobic silane bonds to the surface of the silica particle before the silane coupling agent bonds to the surface of the silica particle.

5. The particle of claim 1, wherein the silane coupling agent bonds to the surface of the silica particle before the hydrophobic silane bonds to the surface of the silica particle.

6. The particle of claim 1, wherein the silane coupling agent is selected from the group consisting of amino-functional hydrocarbon silanes, N-(6-aminohexyl)-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, aminohexylaminoethyltrimethoxysilane, aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N-(2-Aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyl-trimethoxysilane, methyacryloxypropyl-trimethoxysilane, and combinations thereof.

7. The particle of claim 1, wherein the silane coupling agent comprises amine silanes, olefin silanes, anhydride silanes, epoxy silanes, halogen silanes, hydroxyl silanes, dipodal silanes, acrylate silanes, sulfur-containing silanes, water based silanes, isocyanate silanes, or azide silanes.

8. The particle of claim 1, wherein the hydrophobic silane comprises a molecule of the structure:

Xy(CH3)(3-y)SiLR

where y is 1 to 3;

X is Cl, Br, I, H, HO, R′

HN, R′

2N, imidizolo, R′

C(O)N(H), R′

C(O)N(R″

), R′

O, F3CC(O)N(H), F3CC(O)N(CH3), or F3S(O)2O, where R′

is a straight or branched chain hydrocarbon of 1 to 4 carbons and R″

is methyl or ethyl;

L, a linking group, is CH2CH2, CH2CH2CH2, CH2CH2O, CH2CH2CH2O, CH2CH2C(O), CH2CH2CH2C(O), CH2CH2OCH2, CH2CH2CH2OCH2; and

R is (CF2)nCF3 or (CF(CF3)OCF2)nCF2CF3, where n is 0 to 24.

9. The particle of claim 1, wherein the hydrophobic silane comprises 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyltrichlorosilane

10. A method for producing a multifunctional particle, the method comprising:

providing a silica particle;

contacting a hydrophobic silane to the surface of the silica particle to chemically bond the hydrophobic silane to the surface of the silica particle;

contacting a silane coupling agent to the surface of the silica particle to chemically bond the silane coupling agent to the surface of the silica particle;

wherein the multifunctional particle is superhydrophobic and chemically reactive.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the silica particle comprises a diatomaceous earth particle, a fused silica particle, or a rice husk ash particle.

12. The method of claim 10, wherein the hydrophobic silane and the silane coupling agent are simultaneously bonded to the surface of the silica particle.

13. The method of claim 10, wherein the hydrophobic silane bonds to the surface of the silica particle before the silane coupling agent bonds to the surface of the silica particle.

14. The method of claim 10, wherein the silane coupling agent bonds to the surface of the silica particle before the hydrophobic silane bonds to the surface of the silica particle.

15. The method of claim 10, wherein the silane coupling agent is selected from the group consisting of amino-functional hydrocarbon silanes, N-(6-aminohexyl)-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, aminohexylaminoethyltrimethoxysilane, aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N-(2-Aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyl-trimethoxysilane, methyacryloxypropyl-trimethoxysilane, and combinations thereof.

16. The method of claim 10, wherein the silane coupling agent comprises amine silanes, olefin silanes, anhydride silanes, epoxy silanes, halogen silanes, hydroxyl silanes, dipodal silanes, acrylate silanes, sulfur-containing silanes, water based silanes, isocyanate silanes, or azide silanes.

17. The method of claim 10, wherein the hydrophobic silane comprises a molecule of the structure:

Xy(CH3)(3-y)SiLR

where y is 1 to 3;

X is Cl, Br, I, H, HO, R′

HN, R′

2N, imidizolo, R′

C(O)N(H), R′

C(O)N(R″

), R′

O, F3CC(O)N(H), F3CC(O)N(CH3), or F3S(O)2O, where R′

is a straight or branched chain hydrocarbon of 1 to 4 carbons and R″

is methyl or ethyl;

L, a linking group, is CH2CH2, CH2CH2CH2, CH2CH2O, CH2CH2CH2O, CH2CH2C(O), CH2CH2CH2C(O), CH2CH2OCH2, CH2CH2CH2OCH2; and

R is (CF2)nCF3 or (CF(CF3)OCF2)nCF2CF3, where n is 0 to 24.

18. The method of claim 10, further comprising:

rinsing the silica particle with a solvent to remove impurities.

19. The method of claim 10, further comprising:

rinsing the silica particle with a solvent to expose SiOH groups on the silica particle;

wherein the silane coupling agent reacts with at least one SiOH group.

20. The method of claim 10, wherein the multifunctional particle comprises a self-assembled monolayer.

21. A multifunctional composition, the composition comprising:

multifunctional particles, wherein each multifunctional particle comprises;

a silica particle;

a hydrophobic silane; and

a silane coupling agent;

wherein each of the hydrophobic silane and the silane coupling agent are chemically bonded to the surface of the silica particle;

wherein the multifunctional particle is superhydrophobic and chemically reactive.

22. The composition of claim 21, further comprising:

a binder solution for suspending the multifunctional particles.

23. The composition of claim 21, further comprising:

a polymer selected from the group consisting of thermosets, acrylates, methacrylates, polyesters, urethanes, epoxies, phenolics, thermoplastics, polydienes, polyvinyl chloride, polyphenylene sulfide, acrylics, maleic anhydride, vinyl acetate, diene-containing copolymers, halogen-modified homopolymers, chlorosulfonyl-modified homopolymers, polyamides, polyesters, polycarbonates, polysulfones, olefins, and combinations thereof.

24. The composition of claim 21, wherein the polymer is copolymerized with the multifunctional particles.

25. A method for forming superhydrophobic surfaces, the method comprising:

providing a plurality of multifunctional particles, each multifunctional particle comprising;

a silica particle;

a hydrophobic silane; and

a silane coupling agent;

wherein each of the hydrophobic silane and the silane coupling agent are chemically bonded to the surface of the silica particle;

wherein the multifunctional particle is superhydrophobic and chemically reactive;

introducing the multifunctional particles to the surface of the substrate to form a superhydrophobic surface.

26. The method of claim 25, wherein the introducing the multifunctional particles to the surface of a substrate to form a superhydrophobic surface comprises:

applying the multifunctional particles to the surface of the substrate.

27. The method of claim 26, further comprising:

forming a suspension of the multifunctional particles in a binder solution

28. The method of claim 25, wherein the introducing the multifunctional particles to the surface of a substrate to form a superhydrophobic surface comprises:

mixing the multifunctional particles and a material.

29. The method of claim 28, further comprising:

forming the substrate from the mixture.

30. The method of claim 28, further comprising:

applying the mixture to the substrate surface;

heating the substrate to cure the mixture.

31. The method of claim 28, wherein the material comprises asphalt or a polymer, wherein the polymer comprises thermosets, acrylates, methacrylates, polyesters, urethanes, epoxies, phenolics, thermoplastics, polydienes, polyvinyl chloride, polyphenylene sulfide, acrylics, maleic anhydride, vinyl acetate, diene-containing copolymers, halogen-modified homopolymers, chlorosulfonyl-modified homopolymers, polyamides, polyesters, polycarbonates, polysulfones, olefins, or combinations thereof.

32. The method of claim 25, wherein the multifunctional particles are covalently bonded to the substrate surface.

33. The method of claim 25, wherein the substrate has insulating properties and corrosion resistant properties.