Multi-Stage System for Producing a Material of a Battery Cell

• US 20140328724A1
• Filed: 05/23/2013
• Published: 11/06/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 05/06/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: eJoule International Ltd.
• Original Assignee: Liang-Yuh Chen
• Inventors: Chen, LIang-Yuh
• Granted Patent: US 8,968,669 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 422/139
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 12/02 for obtaining at least one reaction product which, at normal temperature, is in the solid state
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 8/18 with fluidised particles combustion apparatus with fluidised bed in general F23C10/00; furnaces with fluidised bed F27B15/00
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 8/1827 the fluidising gas being a reactant
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 8/24 according to "fluidised-bed" technique B01J8/20 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B22F 9/082 atomising using a fluid using centrifugal force B22F9/10
• CPC Class Codes: B22F 9/22 using gaseous reductors
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 13/14 Methods for preparing oxides or hydroxides in general particular individual oxides or hydroxides, see the relevant groups of subclasses C01B - C01G or C25B, according to the element combined with the oxygen or hydroxy group
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 13/34 by oxidation or hydrolysis of sprayed or atomised solutions
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 25/45 containing plural metal, or metal and ammonium
• CPC Class Codes: C01G 1/02 Oxides
• CPC Class Codes: C01P 2006/40 Electric properties
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/04 Processes of manufacture in general
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/0471 involving thermal treatment, e.g. firing, sintering, backing particulate active material, thermal decomposition, pyrolysis
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/36 Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/505 of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/525 of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 20/129 Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 20/145 the feedstock being materials of biological origin
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 70/50 Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Abstract

A system and method thereof are provided for multi-stage processing of one or more precursor compounds into a battery material. The system includes a mist generator, a drying chamber, one or more gas-solid separators, and one or more in-line reaction modules comprised of one or more gas-solid feeders, one or more gas-solid separators, and one or more reactors. Various gas-solid mixtures are formed within the internal plenums of the drying chamber, the gas-solid feeders, and the reactors. In addition, heated air or gas is served as the energy source within the processing system and as the gas source for forming the gas-solid mixtures to facilitate reaction rate and uniformity of the reactions therein. Precursor compounds are continuously delivered into the processing system and processed in-line through the internal plenums of the drying chamber and the reaction modules into final reaction particles useful as a battery material.

Claims

1. A system of producing a material for a battery cell, comprising:

a drying chamber connected to a first gas line and adapted to flow a first gas inside the drying chamber;

a first gas-solid separator connected to the drying chamber, wherein the first gas-solid separator receives a chamber-product from the drying chamber and separates the chamber-product into a first type of solid particles and a first side product;

one or more gas-solid feeders connected to the first gas-solid separator and one or more second gas lines, wherein the one or more gas-solid feeders receive the first type of solid particles from the first gas-solid separator, mix a second gas with the first type of solid particles, and form one or more gas-solid mixtures therein;

one or more second gas-solid separators connected to the one or more gas-solid feeders, wherein the one or more second gas-solid separators separate the one or more gas-solid mixtures into one or more types of solid particles and one or more side products; and

a reactor connected to the one or more second gas-solid separators and a third gas line having a third gas flown therein, wherein the reactor receives the one or more types of solid particles from the one or more second gas-solid separators and mixes the one or more types of solid particles with the third gas into a reaction mixture, wherein a final reaction product is obtained from a reaction of the reaction mixture within the reactor.

2. The system of claim 1, further comprising:

a mist generator connected to the drying chamber and adapted to generate a mist from a liquid mixture of one or more precursors.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein a flow of the first gas is flown into the drying chamber such that the flow of the first gas and the flow of the mist are flown as co-currents.

4. The system of claim 2, wherein a flow of the first gas is flown into the drying chamber such that the flow of the first gas and the flow of the mist are flown as counter-currents.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein each of the first gas-solid separator and the one or more second gas-solid separators is selected from the group consisting of cyclones, electrostatic separators, electrostatic precipitators, gravity separators, inertia separators, membrane separators, fluidized beds, classifiers, electric sieves, impactors, particles collectors, leaching separators, elutriators, air classifiers, leaching classifiers, and combination thereof.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the first gas comprises a gas selected from the group consisting of air, oxygen, carbon dioxide, an oxidizing gas, a reducing gas, nitrogen gas, hydrogen gas, inert gas, noble gas, and combinations thereof, and the first gas is heated to a temperature of between 70°

C. and 600°

C.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein each of the second gas and the third gas comprises a gas selected from the group consisting of air, oxygen, carbon dioxide, an oxidizing gas, a reducing gas, nitrogen gas, hydrogen gas, inert gas, noble gas, and combinations thereof, and the second gas is heated to a first reaction temperature of between 400°

C. and 1300°

C. and the third gas is heated to a second reaction temperature of between 400°

C. and 1300°

C., wherein the third reaction temperature is higher than the second reaction temperature.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein each of the one or more gas-solid feeders is selected from the group consisting of a venturi feeder, a rotary feeder, a screw feeder, a table feeder, a belt feeder, a vibrating feeder, a tube feeder, and combinations thereof.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein the reactor is selected from the group consisting of a fluidized bed reactor, a circulating fluidized bed reactor, a bubbling fluidized bed reactor, an annular fluidized bed reactor, a flash fluidized bed reactor, and combinations thereof.

10. The system of claim 1, wherein the reactor is selected from the group consisting of a furnace, a rotary furnace, a stirring furnace, a furnace with multiple temperature zones, and combinations thereof.

11. The system of claim 1, wherein the reaction within the reactor is selected from the group consisting of oxidization, reduction, decomposition, combination reaction, phase-transformation, re-crystallization, single displacement reaction, double displacement reaction, combustion, isomerization, annealing, and combinations thereof.

12. The system of claim 1, further comprising:

one or more cooling mechanisms adapted to cool the final reaction product.

13. The system of claim 12, wherein each of the one or more cooling mechanisms is selected from the group consisting of a gas-solid separator, a heat exchanger a gas-solid feeder, a fluidized bed, and combinations thereof.

14. The system of claim 1, further comprising:

one or more third gas-solid separators connected to the reactor and adapted to separate the reaction mixture into the final reaction product and a reaction-side product.

15. The system of claim 1, further comprising:

one or more gas-solid feeders adapted to mix one or more cooling fluid with the final reaction product and cool the final reaction product.

16. A system of producing a material for a battery cell, comprising:

a drying chamber connected to a first gas line and adapted to flow a first gas inside the drying chamber;

a first gas-solid separator connected to the drying chamber, wherein the first gas-solid separator receives a chamber-product from the drying chamber and separates the one or more drying chamber products into a first type of solid particles and a first side product;

one or more gas-solid feeders connected to the first gas-solid separator and one or more second gas lines, wherein the one or more gas-solid feeders receive the first type of solid particles from the first gas-solid separator, mix a second gas with the first type of solid particles, and form one or more gas-solid mixtures therein;

one or more second gas-solid separators connected to the one or more gas-solid feeders, wherein the one or more second gas-solid separators separate the one or more gas-solid mixtures into one or more second types of solid particles and one or more second side products; and

a fluidized bed reactor connected to the one or more second gas-solid separators and a third gas line having a third gas flown therein, wherein the fluidized bed reactor receives the one or more second types of solid particles from the one or more second gas-solid separators and mixes the one or more second types of solid particles with the third gas into a reaction mixture, wherein a final reaction product is obtained from a reaction of the reaction mixture within the fluidized bed reactor.

17. The system of claim 16, wherein the fluidized bed reactor is selected from the group consisting of a circulating fluidized bed reactor, a bubbling fluidized bed reactor, an annular fluidized bed reactor, a flash fluidized bed reactor, and combinations thereof.

18. The system of claim 16, further comprising:

a third gas-solid separator connected to the fluidized bed reactor and adapted to separate a portion of the reaction mixture delivered from the fluidized bed reactor into a third type of solid particles, wherein a portion of the third type of solid particles are delivered back into the fluidized bed reactor for further reaction; and

one or more fourth gas-solid separators connected to the third gas-solid separator and adapted to separate the reaction mixture into the final reaction product and a reaction-side product

19. The system of claim 16, further comprising:

one or more cooling mechanisms selected from the group consisting of a gas-solid separator, a heat exchanger, a gas solid feeder, a fluidized bed, and combinations thereof, wherein the one or more cooling mechanisms are adapted to cool the final reaction product.

20. A system of producing a material for a battery cell, comprising:

a drying chamber, comprising;

a chamber inlet; and

a gas inlet connected to first gas line and adapted to flow a first gas inside the drying chamber;

a first gas-solid separator connected to the drying chamber, wherein the first gas-solid separator receives a chamber product from the drying chamber and separates the one or more drying chamber products into a first type of solid particles and a first side product;

a first gas-solid feeder, comprising;

a feeder inlet connected to the first gas-solid separator and adapted to receive the first type of solid particles from the first gas-solid separator; and

a feeder gas inlet connected to a second gas line and adapted to flow a second gas to be mixed with the first type of solid particles and form a second gas-solid mixture therein;

a second gas-solid separator connected to the first gas-solid feeder, wherein the second gas-solid separator separates the one or more gas-solid mixtures into a second type of solid particles and a second side product; and

a reactor, comprising;

a reactor inlet connected to the second gas-solid separator and adapted to receive the second type of solid particles from the second gas-solid separator;

a reactor gas inlet connected to a third gas line and adapted to flow a third as to be mixed with the second type of solid particles into a reaction mixture, wherein a final reaction product is obtained from a reaction of the reaction mixture within the reactor.

21. The system of claim 20, further comprising:

a third gas-solid separator connected to the reactor and adapted to separate a portion of the reaction mixture delivered from the reactor into a third type of solid particles and deliver a portion of the third type of solid particles back into the reactor for further reaction.

22. The system of claim 20, further comprising:

one or more fourth gas-solid separators adapted to separate the reaction mixture into the final reaction product and a reaction-side product.

23. The system of claim 20, further comprising:

one or more cooling mechanisms adapted to coot the final reaction product.