Optimizing Vehicle Recharging to Limit Use of Electricity Generated from Non-Renewable Sources

• US 20140354227A1
• Filed: 05/29/2013
• Published: 12/04/2014
• Est. Priority Date: 05/29/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: General Motors LLC (General Motors Company)
• Original Assignee: General Motors LLC (General Motors Company)
• Inventors: Tyagi, Anuj, Vardhan, Vijay, Donthy, Venkatesh
• Granted Patent: US 9,393,879 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 320/109
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/63 in response to network capacity
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/00 Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 10/126 the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G]

Abstract

Implementations of the present invention contemplate using the communication infrastructure represented by a network of telematics units communicatively coupled to a telematics service provider (TSP) to implement procedures designed to curtail the load placed on electricity suppliers by electric vehicles during periods of critically high demand for electricity. The present invention contemplates monitoring charging related information for multiple electric vehicles through the telematics units in those vehicles. The invention further contemplates a request from an energy utility for a response to a critically high demand for electricity and the execution of a demand response program (DRP). The DRPs involve aggregating information from a fleet of the electrically powered vehicles, processing the aggregated information, and issuing instructions to one or more vehicles in the fleet that cause the one or more vehicles to reduce the load they are placing on electricity suppliers through their charging activities.

Claims

1. A method implemented by an information aggregator having one or more processors for reducing the electricity consumption attributable to the charging of one or more members of a fleet of electric vehicles during a period of time, the method comprising:

receiving, at the information aggregator, a request to activate a demand response program (DRP) for an electricity supplier;

receiving, at the information aggregator, information pertaining to, on an individualized basis, members of a fleet of electrical vehicles enrolled in the DRP;

identifying, based upon individualized information for members of the fleet of electrical vehicles, candidates for participation in the DRP; and

transmitting instructions to the candidates to facilitate a reduction in demand for electricity attributable to charging the candidates while the DRP is activate.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the receiving, at the information aggregator, information pertaining to, on an individualized basis, members of a fleet of electrical vehicles enrolled in the DRP comprises:

receiving identifying information for the members of the fleet of electric vehicles;

requesting, based on the identifying information, information pertaining to the charging activities of the members of the fleet of electric vehicles; and

receiving information pertaining to the charging activities of the members of the fleet of electric vehicles.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the requesting information pertaining to the charging activities of the members of the fleet of electric vehicles comprises:

for each of the members, sending a request for information pertaining to the charging activities of the member vehicle from one of the group consisting of;

the telematics unit of the member vehicle, the original equipment manufacturer (OEM) of the member vehicle, and a telematics service provider to which the member vehicle subscribes.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein the receiving information pertaining to the charging activities of the members of the fleet of electric vehicles comprises:

for each of the members, receiving information pertaining to the charging activities of the member vehicle from one of the group consisting of;

the telematics unit of the member vehicle, the original equipment manufacturer (OEM) of the member vehicle, and a telematics service provider to which the member vehicle subscribes.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the identifying, based upon individualized information for members of the fleet of electrical vehicles, candidates for participation in the DRP comprises:

identifying members of the fleet of electric vehicles that are enrolled in the DRP that are currently on grid or that will become on grid during the period of time during which the DRP is active; and

identifying the member vehicles that are currently on grid or that will become on grid during the period of time during which the DRP is active that qualify for a cessation of charging event or a reduction in charging rate event.

6. The method of claim 5, further comprising identifying members of the fleet of electric vehicles that are enrolled in the DRP that are currently within a geographic region defined as the DRP territory or that will move into the geographic region defined as the DRP territory during the period of time during which the DRP is active.

7. The method of claim 5, further comprising identifying members of the fleet of electric vehicles that are enrolled in the DRP that have not participated in more than a maximum number of DRPs during a past time period.

8. The method of claim 5, wherein a vehicle qualifies for a cessation of charging event if the anticipated departure of the vehicle will occur after a charge cessation threshold state of charge completion time;

and

wherein a vehicle qualifies for a reduction in charging rate event if the anticipated departure time of the vehicle will occur after a charge rate reduction threshold state of charge completion time.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein a charge cessation threshold state of charge completion time is defined as the current time plus the remaining duration of the DRP plus the time required for the vehicle to achieve a predetermined threshold rate of charge under normal charging conditions plus a predetermined buffer time;

and

a charge rate reduction threshold state of charge completion time is defined as the current time plus the remaining duration of the DRP plus the time required for the vehicle to achieve a predetermined threshold state of charge under normal charging conditions after charging a reduced rate during the DRP plus a predetermined buffer time.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the predetermined buffer time is equal to zero.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving, at the information aggregator, information pertaining to, on an individualized basis, members of a fleet of electrical vehicles enrolled in the DRP and identifying, based upon individualized information for members of the fleet of electrical vehicles, candidates for participation in the DRP are repeated throughout the period of time.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein the transmitting instructions to the candidates to facilitate a reduction in demand for electricity attributable to charging the candidates while the DRP is activate comprises:

transmitting instructions, on an individualized basis, for vehicles to implement one of the group consisting of;

a cessation of charging event and a reduction in charging rate event.

wherein the instructions for each vehicle are transmitted to one of the group consisting of;

a telematics unit of the vehicle, an original equipment manufacturer of the vehicle, and a telematics service provider to which the vehicle subscribes.

13. The method of claim 1, wherein identifying, based upon individualized information for members of the fleet of electrical vehicles, candidates for participation in the DRP comprises populating a list of members of a fleet of electrical vehicles that are enrolled in the DRP that qualify for a cessation of charging or a reduction in charging rate event;

and

wherein transmitting instructions to the candidates to facilitate a reduction in demand for electricity attributable to charging the candidates while the DRP is activate comprises identifying a group of vehicles from the populated list that provide a charge reduction equal to or greater than a charge reduction goal and transmitting instructions, on an individualized basis, for the vehicles to implement one of the group consisting of;

a cessation of charging event and a reduction in charging rate event.

14. A system for reducing the electricity consumption attributable to the charging of one or more members of a fleet of electric vehicles during a period of time, comprising a non-transient computer readable medium having thereon computer executable instructs, the instructions comprising:

instructions for receiving, by the information aggregator, a request to activate a demand response program (DRP) for an electricity supplier;

instructions for receiving, by the information aggregator, information pertaining, on an individualized basis, to members of a fleet of electric vehicles enrolled in the DRP;

instructions for identifying, based upon individualized information for one or more members of the fleet of electric vehicles, candidates for participation in the DRP; and

instructions for transmitting, to the candidates, additional instructions to facilitate a reduction in demand for electricity attributable to charging the candidates while the DRP is active.

15. The system of claim 14, wherein the instructions for receiving, by the information aggregator, information pertaining, on an individualized basis, to members of a fleet of electric vehicles enrolled in the DRP comprise:

instructions for receiving, on an individualized basis, identifying information for the members of the fleet of electric vehicles;

instructions for requesting, based on the identifying information, information pertaining to the charging activities of the members of the fleet of electric vehicles; and

instructions for receiving information pertaining to the charging activities of the members of the fleet of electric vehicles.

16. The system of claim 14, wherein the instructions for identifying, based upon individualized information for one or more members of the fleet of electric vehicles, candidates for participation in the DRP comprise:

instructions for identifying members of the fleet of electric vehicles that are enrolled in the DRP that are currently on grid or that will become on grid during the period of time during which the DRP is active; and

instructions for identifying the member vehicles that are currently or will become on grid during the period of time during which the DRP is active that qualify for a cessation of charging event or a reduction in charging rate event.

17. The system of claim 14, wherein the instructions for receiving, by the information aggregator, information pertaining, on an individualized basis, to members of a fleet of electric vehicles enrolled in the DRP and for identifying, based upon individualized information for one or more members of the fleet of electric vehicles, candidates for participation in the DRP are repeatedly issued throughout the period of time.

18. The method of claim 14, wherein the instructions for transmitting, to the candidates, additional instructions to facilitate a reduction in demand for electricity attributable to charging the candidates while the DRP is active comprise:

instructions for transmitting additional instructions to candidates to implement one of the group consisting of;

a cessation of charging event and a reduction in charging rate event.

wherein the additional instructions to each candidate are transmitted to one of the group consisting of;

a telematics unit of the candidate, an original equipment manufacturer of the candidate, and a telematics service provider to which the candidate subscribes.

19. The method of claim 14, wherein the instructions for identifying one or more members of the fleet of electrical vehicles that are candidates for participation in the DRP comprise instructions for populating a list of one or more members of a fleet of electrical vehicles that are enrolled in the DRP that qualify for a cessation of charging or a reduction in charging rate event;

and

wherein the instructions for transmitting, to the one or more candidates, additional instructions that facilitate a reduction in the demand for electricity attributable to the charging of the one or more candidates comprise instructions for identifying a group of vehicles from the populated list that provide a charge reduction equal to or greater than a requested charge reduction and instructions for transmitting additional instructions to one or more vehicles to implement one of the group consisting of;

a cessation of charging event and a reduction in charging rate event.

20. A system for reducing the electricity consumption attributable to the charging of one or more members of a fleet of electric vehicles during a period of time, the system comprising:

a database configured to store data pertaining, on an individualized basis, to members of a fleet of electric vehicles and the charging activities of the members, and

one or more processors configured to request, on an individualized basis, information pertaining to members of a fleet of electric vehicles and the charging activities of the members, to determine whether any of the members of the fleet are enrolled in a demand response program (DRP), and to determine whether any of the members of the fleet are candidates for a cessation of charging event or a reduction in charging rate event, and to transmit instructions, on an individualized basis, to facilitate a cessation of charging event or a reduction in charging rate event to the candidates.