Hybrid Contention Mechanism for WLANs

• US 20150016435A1
• Filed: 09/12/2013
• Published: 01/15/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 07/10/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Cisco Technology, Inc. (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Cisco Technology, Inc. (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Inventors: Hedayat, Ahmadreza
• Granted Patent: US 9,226,332 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 370/338
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 74/02 Hybrid access
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 76/15 Setup of multiple wireless link connections
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 84/12 WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

Abstract

Techniques are presented herein for providing hybrid contention mechanisms for a wireless medium. A first wireless device (e.g., a wireless access point) that serves a plurality of second wireless devices (e.g., client devices) in a wireless network, groups the plurality of second wireless devices into sets based on commonality of the second wireless devices in terms of one or more of: power requirements and throughput requirements. A time interval on a wireless channel during which the second wireless devices may contend for usage of the wireless medium is partitioned into a plurality of disjoint or overlapping contention periods. Each set of second wireless devices is assigned to a corresponding one of the plurality of contention periods such that only second wireless devices in each set contend for access to the wireless channel during the corresponding contention period assigned to that set.

Claims

1. A method comprising:

at a first wireless device that serves a plurality of second wireless devices in a wireless network, grouping the plurality of second wireless devices into sets based on commonality of the second wireless devices in terms of one or more of;

power requirements and throughput requirements;

partitioning a time interval on a wireless channel during which the second wireless devices may contend for usage of the wireless medium into a plurality of disjoint or overlapping contention periods; and

assigning each set of second wireless devices to a corresponding one of the plurality of contention periods such that only second wireless devices in each set contend for access to the wireless channel during the corresponding contention period assigned to that set.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising the first wireless device transmitting downlink frames to particular second wireless devices only during contention periods to which the particular second wireless devices are assigned so that the particular second wireless devices need not be awake and receiving signals during one or more contention periods to which the particular second wireless devices are not assigned.

3. The method of claim 1, further comprising adjusting a number of the plurality of contention periods and duration of each contention period based on usage activity over time of the plurality of second wireless devices.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein adjusting further comprises changing assignment of second wireless devices to the sets based on usage activity over time of the plurality of second wireless devices.

5. The method of claim 1, further comprising transmitting, in advance of the time interval, an announcement frame that announces to the plurality of second wireless devices information indicating duration of the plurality of contention periods and assignment of respective second wireless devices to the contention periods.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein transmitting comprises transmitting the announcement frame in advance of each of a plurality of instances of the time interval or only when changes are to be made in the partitioning or assignment for a time interval from that of a previous instance of the time interval.

7. The method of claim 1, further comprising transmitting, in advance of each contention period, a frame that announces to the plurality of second wireless devices information indicating duration of the contention period and which of the plurality of second wireless devices are assigned to the contention period.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein assigning comprises assigning relatively low throughput second wireless devices to a first contention period, and assigning relatively high throughput second wireless devices to a second contention period.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the first wireless device is a first access point and the plurality of second wireless devices correspond to a plurality of wireless client devices that are served by the first access point in a first basic service set, and wherein a second co-channel access point operates in proximity to the first access point and serves a plurality of wireless client devices in a second basic service set, the method further comprising the first access point and second access point aligning in time contention periods in the first and second basic service sets, respectively, to which similar wireless client devices are assigned.

10. The method of claim 9, further comprising the first and second access points receiving announcement frames transmitted by each to their respective wireless client devices, the announcement frames indicating the number and duration of contention periods for the respective first and second basic service sets, and wherein aligning is based on information contained in the announcement frames.

11. An apparatus comprising:

a radio transceiver configured to transmit and receive wireless signals to communicate with a plurality of wireless devices in a wireless network;

a modem coupled to the radio transceiver and configured to perform baseband signal processing for transmit and receive signals; and

a controller coupled to the modem, and configured to;

group the plurality of wireless devices into sets based on commonality of the second wireless devices in terms of one or more of;

power requirements and throughput requirements;

partition a time interval on a wireless channel during which the wireless devices may contend for usage of the wireless medium into a plurality of disjoint or overlapping contention periods; and

assign each set of wireless devices to a corresponding one of the plurality of contention periods such that only wireless devices in each set contend for access to the wireless channel during the corresponding contention period assigned to that set.

12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the controller is further configured to generate downlink frames for transmission to particular wireless devices only during contention periods to which the particular wireless devices are assigned so that the particular wireless devices need not be awake and receiving signals during one or more contention periods to which the particular wireless devices are not assigned.

13. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the controller is configured to adjust a number of the plurality of contention periods and duration of each contention period based on usage activity over time of the plurality of wireless devices.

14. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the controller is configured to generate, for transmission in advance of the time interval, an announcement frame that announces to the plurality of wireless devices information indicating duration of the plurality of contention periods and assignment of respective wireless devices to the contention periods.

15. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the controller is configured to assign relatively low throughput wireless devices to a first contention period and relatively high throughput clients to a second contention period.

16. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the controller is configured to align in time a contention period for a first plurality of wireless devices served by the apparatus in a first basic service set with a contention period for a second plurality of wireless devices served by another apparatus operating on a common channel in a second basic service set.

17. One or more computer readable storage media encoded with software comprising computer executable instructions and when the software is executed operable to:

in a first wireless device that serves a plurality of second wireless devices in a wireless network, group the plurality of second wireless devices into sets based on commonality of the second wireless devices in terms of one or more of;

power requirements and throughput requirements;

partition a time interval on a wireless channel during which the second wireless devices may contend for usage of the wireless medium into a plurality of disjoint or overlapping contention periods; and

assign each set of second wireless devices to a corresponding one of the plurality of contention periods such that only second wireless devices in each set contend for access to the wireless channel during the corresponding contention period assigned to that set.

18. The computer readable storage media of claim 17, further comprising instructions operable to generate downlink frames for transmission to particular second wireless devices only during contention periods to which the particular second wireless devices are assigned so that the particular second wireless devices need not be awake and receiving signals during one or more contention periods to which the particular second wireless devices are not assigned.

19. The computer readable storage media of claim 17, wherein the instructions operable to adjust comprise instructions operable to adjust a number of the plurality of contention periods and duration of each contention period based on usage activity over time of the plurality of second wireless devices.

20. The computer readable storage media of claim 17, further comprising instructions operable to generate, for transmission in advance of the time interval, an announcement frame that announces to the plurality of second wireless devices information indicating duration of the plurality of contention periods and assignment of respective second wireless devices to the contention periods.

21. The computer readable storage media of claim 17, wherein the instructions operable to assign comprise instructions operable to assign relatively low throughput second wireless devices to a first contention period and relatively high throughput second wireless devices to a second contention period.

22. The computer readable storage media of claim 17, further comprising instructions operable to align in time a contention period for a first plurality of second wireless devices served by the apparatus in a first basic service set with a contention period for a second plurality of second wireless devices served by another apparatus operating on a common channel in a second basic service set.