MULTIPLEXED NONINVASIVE ANALYZER APPARATUS AND METHOD OF USE THEREOF

• US 20150041656A1
• Filed: 08/09/2013
• Published: 02/12/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 07/12/2013
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Zyomed Corp.
• Original Assignee: Zyomed Corp.
• Inventors: Novotny, Vlad, Gulati, Sandeep, George, Thomas, Ruchti, Timothy, Abul-Haj, Alan, Hazen, Kevin H.
• Application Number:
  US13/963,933
• Publication Number:
  US 20150041656A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 250/339.02
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0022 Monitoring a patient using a global network, e.g. telephone networks, internet
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1079 using optical or photographic means
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14532 for measuring glucose, e.g. by tissue impedance measurement
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1455 using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14552 Details of sensors specially adapted therefor
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6801 specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 3/42 Absorption spectrometry; Double beam spectrometry; Flicker spectrometry; Reflection spectrometry beam switching arrangements G01J3/08
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2021/4742 comprising optical fibres
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2021/4747 Concentric bundles
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/474 Details of optical heads therefor, e.g. using optical fibres
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2201/0826 Fibre array at source, distributing

Abstract

A noninvasive analyzer apparatus and method of use thereof is described using a plurality of time resolved sample illumination zones coupled to at least one two-dimensional detector array monitoring a plurality of detection zones. Control of illumination times and/or patterns along with selected detection zones yields pathlength resolved groups of spectra. Sectioned pixels and/or zones of the detector are optionally filtered for different light throughput as a function of wavelength. The pathlength resolved groups of spectra are subsequently analyzed to determine an analyte property. Optionally, in the mapping and/or collection phase, incident light is controllably varied in time in terms of any of: sample probe position, incident light solid angle, incident light angle, depth of focus, energy, intensity, and/or detection angle. Optionally, one or more physiological property and/or model property related to a physiological property is used in the analyte property determination.

Claims

1. An apparatus for noninvasively determining an analyte concentration of a subject, comprising:

a near-infrared noninvasive vibrational spectroscopy analyzer, comprising;

a sample interface;

a photon transport system comprising at least one optic configured for at least one;

transporting photons to an illumination zone proximate said sample interface; and

collecting photons from a detection zone proximate said sample interface;

a first two-dimensional detector array;

a second two-dimensional detector array, both said first two-dimensional detector array and said second two-dimensional detector array positioned proximate at least one of the illumination zone and the detection zone; and

a controller, of said analyzer, configured to receive simultaneously collected signals from both said first two-dimensional detector array and said second two-dimensional detector array, the signals used in calculation of the analyte concentration.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:

a housing, said housing substantially enclosing all of said source, said photon transport system, and said first two-dimensional detector array, said first two-dimensional detector array comprising an m by n array of detector elements, wherein m and n comprise positive integers greater than four,

wherein said photon transport system comprises optics directing photons along a z-axis to a sample region along an x,y-plane, the x,y-plane perpendicular to the z-axis,

wherein said first two-dimensional detector array comprises a two-dimensional near-infrared detector array.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, said first two-dimensional detector array and said second two-dimensional detector array positioned on opposite sides of a mean photon path center of the illumination zone.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, said first two-dimensional detector array positioned along a first vector from a mean optical center of the illumination zone, said second two-dimensional detector array positioned along a second vector from the mean optical center of the illumination zone, said first vector and said second vector forming an angle between twenty and two hundred degrees.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, said first two-dimensional detector array comprising a larger number of detectors than said second two-dimensional detector array.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, said first two-dimensional detector array comprising a set of detectors comprising indium, gallium, and arsenide, said second two-dimensional detector array comprising at least one of a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, a center of said first two-dimensional detector array comprising a position along a vector from a center of said illumination zone, said first two-dimensional detector comprising at least one column of detectors rotated at least ten degrees off of the vector.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:

an array of optics, individual optical elements of said array of optics respectively optically coupled to rows of detector elements of said two-dimensional detector array.

9. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:

a two-dimensional optical transmittance filter array,

wherein a first filter of said two-dimensional optical transmittance filter array optically couples to a first line of detector elements of said two-dimensional detector array,

wherein a second filter of said two-dimensional transmittance filter array optically couples to a second line of detector elements of said two-dimensional detector array,

wherein, at at least one wavelength in the range of 1500 to 1800 nm, said first filter comprises a first filter transmittance differing from a second filter transmittance of said second filter by at least thirty percent.

10. The apparatus of claim 1, said near-infrared noninvasive vibrational spectroscopy analyzer further comprising:

a first optical filter comprising transmittance of at least sixty percent of light in a wavelength range of 1100 to 1350 nm and transmittance of less than twenty percent in a wavelength range of 1500 to 1750 nm, said first optical filter optically coupled to a first group of detectors of said two-dimensional detector array; and

a second optical filter comprising transmittance of at least sixty percent of light in a wavelength range of 1500 to 1700 nm and transmittance of less than twenty percent in a wavelength range of 1100 to 1300 nm, said second optical filter optically coupled to a second group of detectors of said two-dimensional detector array.

11. The apparatus of claim 1, said first two-dimensional detector array comprising:

a first number of detectors in a first row; and

a second number of detectors in a second row, said second number less than said first number.

12. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:

a first optical filter comprising a first transmittance profile; and

a second optical filter comprising a second transmittance profile, the second transmittance profile different from said the first transmittance profile,

wherein said first optical filter optically covers a first region of said first two-dimensional detector array, and

wherein said second optical filter optically covers a second region of said first two-dimensional detector array.

13. The apparatus of claim 1, said near-infrared noninvasive vibrational spectroscopy analyzer further comprising:

a two-dimensional transmittance filter array in an optical path of said analyzer, comprising;

a first filter comprising a first fifty percent cut-on transmittance inflection point at a first wavelength in a range of 1200 to 2500 nanometers;

a second filter comprising a second fifty-percent cut-on transmittance inflection at a second wavelength, said second wavelength at least one hundred nanometers shorter than said first wavelength,

said first filter positioned closer to the illumination zone than said second filter.

14. The apparatus of claim 13, said two-dimensional transmittance filter array both substantially co-planar and in contact with said two-dimensional detector array.

15. The apparatus of claim 13, further comprising:

a two-dimensional near-infrared detector optic array, each element of said two-dimensional detector optic array optically coupled to at least one detector element of said two-dimensional detector array.

16. A method for noninvasively determining an analyte concentration of a subject, comprising:

providing a sample interface;

using a photon transport system comprising at least one optic for at least one;

transporting photons to an illumination zone proximate said sample interface;

collecting photons from a detection zone proximate said sample interface;

collecting a first set of signals using a first two-dimensional detector array;

collecting a second set of signals using a second two-dimensional detector array, both said first two-dimensional detector array and said second two-dimensional array positioned in a common housing of a noninvasive vibrational spectroscopy analyzer proximate at least one of the illumination zone and the detection zone

receiving, to a processor, the first set of signals and the second set of signals; and

using the signals in calculation of the analyte concentration.

17. The method of claim 16, further comprising the step of:

positioning both said first two-dimensional detector array and said second two-dimensional detector array within ten centimeters of the subject during use of said analyzer.

18. The method of claim 16, further comprising the steps of:

using a first detector gain setting for a detector element of said first two-dimensional detector array; and

simultaneously using a second detector gain setting for a detector element of said second two-dimensional detector array, said second gain setting at least ten percent larger than said first detector gain setting.

19. The method of claim 16, further comprising the steps of:

using a first integration time for a first detector of said first two-dimensional detector array; and

using a second integration time for a second detector of said first two-dimensional detector array, said second detector positioned further from a center of said detection zone than said first detector, said second integration time at least ten percent larger than said first integration time.

20. The method of claim 19, further comprising the steps of:

using a first optical filter coupled to a first sub-set of detectors of said first two-dimensional detector array; and

using a second optical filter coupled to a second sub-set of said first two-dimensional detector array, wherein a fifty percent cut-on wavelength of said first filter differs from a fifty percent cut-on wavelength of said second optical filter by at least two hundred nanometers.

21. The method of claim 16, further comprising the steps of:

communicating the signals to a personal communication device;

using said personal communication device in a process of calculating the analyte concentration.

22. The method of claim 16, further comprising the steps of:

extracting spectroscopic features related to optical pathlength; and

using said features in calculation of the analyte concentration.