MULTIBAND WIRELESS POWER SYSTEM

• US 20150048790A1
• Filed: 08/18/2014
• Published: 02/19/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 08/19/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Heartware,Inc. (Medtronic Plc)
• Original Assignee: Heartware,Inc. (Medtronic Plc)
• Inventors: LaRose, Jeffrey A., Rudser, John
• Granted Patent: US 9,680,330 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 320/108
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/02 Prostheses implantable into the body closure means for urethra or rectum or for artificial body openings therefor A61F2/0004
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/8243 by induction
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/148 in line with a blood vessel using resection or like techniques, e.g. permanent endovascular heart assist devices
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/178 drawing blood from a ventricle and returning the blood to the arterial system via a cannula external to the ventricle, e.g. left or right ventricular assist devices
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/508 Electronic control means, e.g. for feedback regulation
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/875 specially adapted for optimising alignment of external and implantable coils
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/876 Implantable batteries
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3787 from an external energy source
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/23 The load being a medical device, a medical implant, or a life supporting device
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/12 of the resonant type
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/20 using microwaves or radio frequency waves
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/23 characterised by the type of transmitting antennas, e.g. directional array antennas or Yagi antennas
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/90 involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a module for relaying power wirelessly to a device implanted in a user. The module may include a structure adapted to be worn by the user, a receiver configured to receive a first wireless power transmission at a first frequency, a transmitter configured to transmit a second wireless power transmission at a second frequency different from the first frequency, and a frequency changer configured to convert energy generated by the first wireless power transmission into energy for generating the second wireless power transmission. Each of the receiver, transmitter and frequency changer may be disposed on or in the structure.

Claims

1. A module for relaying power wirelessly to a device implanted in a user, comprising:

a structure adapted to be worn by the user;

a receiver configured to receive a first wireless power transmission at a first frequency;

a transmitter configured to transmit a second wireless power transmission at a second frequency different from the first frequency; and

a frequency changer electrically coupled to each of the transmitter and receiver and configured to convert energy generated by the first wireless power transmission into energy for generating the second wireless power transmission,

wherein each of the receiver, transmitter and frequency changer are disposed on or in the structure.

2. The module of claim 1, wherein each of the first frequency and second frequency belong to different frequency bands.

3. The module of claim 1, wherein the first frequency is selected for wireless power transmission at a first distance and the second frequency is selected for wireless power transmission at a second distance shorter than the first distance.

4. The module of claim 1, wherein the first frequency is selected for wireless power transmission through a first medium and the second frequency is selected for wireless power transmission through a second medium different than the first medium.

5. The module of claim 1, further comprising a control circuit configured to determine a wireless power transmission efficiency of the receiver and to dynamically adjust the first frequency based on said determination.

6. The module of claim 5, wherein the control circuit is configured to determine wireless power transmission efficiency based on a measured peak signal at the receiver.

7. The module of claim 1, wherein the first frequency is more than twice as great as the second frequency.

8. The module of claim 1, further comprising a battery electrically coupled to the receiver and a control circuit for determining whether to store energy generated by the first wireless power transmission in the battery, to relay the energy generated by the first wireless power transmission to the transmitter, or both.

9. The module of claim 1, wherein the structure includes a housing, and wherein the receiver and transmitter are disposed within the housing.

10. The module of claim 1, wherein the module is adapted to be worn by the user such that the receiver is disposed at an end of the housing facing away from the user and the transmitter is disposed at an end of the housing facing towards the user.

11. A transcutaneous energy transfer system for delivering power to a device implanted within a user, comprising:

a module as described in claim 1;

a remote power source electromagnetically couplable to the module and configured to wirelessly transmit the first wireless power transmission to the module;

an implanted receiver adapted for implantation within the user, inductively couplable to the module and electrically coupleable to the implanted device, and configured to receive the second wireless power transmission from the module.

12. The system of claim 11, further comprising:

an external battery electrically coupled to the module, the external battery used to store energy received from the first wireless power transmission, and to provide said stored energy to the transmitter to generate the second wireless power transmission; and

an implanted battery electrically coupled to the implanted receiver, the implanted battery used to store energy received from the second wireless power transmission, and to provide said stored energy to the implanted device in order to power the device.

13. The system of claim 12, wherein the implanted battery stores energy when the module is worn by the user, and powers the implanted medical device when the external charging module is not worn by the user.

14. The system of claim 12, wherein the external battery stores energy when the module is electromagnetically coupled to the remote power source and provides stored energy to the transmitter when the module is not electromagnetically coupled to the remote power source.

16. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein each receiver circuit is adapted to receive an wireless power at a different frequency.

17. A wireless energy transfer system comprising:

an apparatus as described in claim 14; and

a plurality of remote transmitter circuits, each remote transmitter circuit adapted to generate and transmit wireless power at the resonant frequency of a corresponding receiver circuit at the apparatus.

15. An apparatus for relaying power wirelessly, comprising:

a plurality of receiver circuits adapted to receive a wireless power at a respective resonant frequency of the receiver circuit;

a transmitter circuit adapted to transmit wireless power at a selected resonant frequency; and

a plurality of frequency changers, each frequency changer electrically coupled to an output of a respective receiver circuit and to an input of the transmitter circuit, and configured to convert the frequency of the wireless power received at the respective receiver circuit to the selected frequency.

18. A transcutaneous energy transfer system comprising:

an implanted wireless power receiver electrically couplable to an implanted medical device;

a remote power source generating power sufficient to operate the implanted medical device; and

one or more wireless power relay apparatuses configured to relay power from the remote power source en route to the implanted wireless power receiver, each apparatus comprising;

a receiver adapted to receive an incoming wireless power transmission at a first frequency;

a transmitter adapted to transmit an outgoing wireless power transmission at a second frequency; and

a frequency changer electrically coupled to the transmitter and to the receiver, and configured to convert energy generated by the incoming wireless power transmission into energy for generating the outgoing wireless transmission.

19. The system of claim 18, wherein a plurality of apparatuses are serially electromagnetically coupled to one another such that the wireless power transmitted by an upstream apparatus is the wireless power received at a serially electromagnetically coupled downstream apparatus, and

wherein the implanted wireless power receiver is adapted to receive the wireless power generated by a farthest downstream wireless power relay apparatus.

20. The system of claim 19, wherein the farthest downstream wireless power relay apparatus further comprises an external battery electrically coupled to the receiver, the external battery being used to:

temporarily store charge when the farthest downstream wireless power relay apparatus is electromagnetically coupled to a respective upstream apparatus; and

generate power for driving the transmitter at the second frequency using said stored charge when the farthest downstream wireless power relay apparatus is not electromagnetically coupled to a respective upstream apparatus.

21. The system of claim 19, further comprising an implanted battery electrically coupled to the implanted wireless power receiver and to the implanted medical device, the implanted battery used to:

temporarily store charge when the farthest downstream wireless power relay apparatus is operatively coupled to the implanted wireless power receiver; and

generate power sufficient for operating the implanted medical device when the farthest downstream wireless power relay apparatus is not operatively coupled to the implanted wireless power receiver or when the farthest downstream wireless power relay apparatus does not on its own generate sufficient power for operating the implanted medical device.

22. A method of relaying power wirelessly to a device implanted in a user, comprising:

providing a structure adapted to be worn by the user;

receiving a first wireless power transmission at a first frequency at a receiver disposed on or in the structure;

transmitting a second wireless power transmission at a second frequency different from the first frequency from a transmitter disposed on or in the structure; and

converting energy generated by the first wireless power transmission into energy for generating the second wireless power transmission at a frequency changer electrically coupled to the receiver and the transmitter and disposed on or in the structure.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein the first wireless power transmission is transmitted over a distance that is greater than the distance that the second wireless power transmission is transmitted.

24. The module of claim 22, wherein the first wireless power transmission is transmitted through a medium that is different than the medium through which the second wireless power transmission is transmitted.