METHOD AND ARRANGEMENT FOR DETERMINING A VENTILATION NEED SPECIFIC FOR A PATIENT

• US 20150114395A1
• Filed: 10/29/2013
• Published: 04/30/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 10/29/2013
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: General Electric Company
• Original Assignee: General Electric Company
• Inventors: Heinonen, Erkki, Haggblom, Tom
• Application Number:
  US14/065,918
• Publication Number:
  US 20150114395A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 128/204.23
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0816 Measuring devices for examining respiratory frequency measuring frequency of electric signals G01R23/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0836 Measuring rate of CO2 production
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/085 Measuring impedance of respiratory organs or lung elasticity
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/091 Measuring volume of inspired or expired gases, e.g. to determine lung capacity
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4836 Diagnosis combined with treatment in closed-loop systems or methods A61B5/0036 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/024 including calculation means, e.g. using a processor
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/107 in the inspiratory path
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/12 by mixing different gases
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/18 Vaporising devices for anaesthetic preparations
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/204 used for inhalation control
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/205 used for exhalation control
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/206 Capsule valves, e.g. mushroom, membrane valves
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/208 Non-controlled one-way valves, e.g. exhalation, check, pop-off non-rebreathing valves
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2016/0027 pressure meter
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2016/0039 in the inspiratory circuit
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2016/0042 in the expiratory circuit
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2202/0208 Oxygen
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2202/0275 Nitric oxide [NO]
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3334 Measuring or controlling the flow rate
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/502 User interfaces, e.g. screens or keyboards
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2230/005 : Parameter used as control input for the apparatus
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2230/432 : partial CO2 pressure (P-CO2)
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2230/46 : Resistance or compliance of the lungs

Abstract

A method for determining a ventilation need specific for a patient is disclosed herein. The method includes providing a breath gas with a machine ventilator circuit from a starting pressure to lungs to start inspiration, and filling lungs to a predetermined breath gas pressure level. The method also includes determining in a control unit a filling volume of the breath gas needed to achieve the predetermined breath gas pressure level from the starting pressure, and determining in the control unit a lung elastic property based on a relationship between the determined filling volume of the breath gas and differences in the starting pressure and the predetermined breath gas pressure level. The method also includes determining in the control unit a respiration rate exploiting at least the lung elastic property. A corresponding arrangement is also provided.

Claims

1. A method for determining a ventilation need specific for a patient, said method comprising:

providing a breath gas with a machine ventilator circuit from a starting pressure to lungs of the patient to start inspiration;

filling lungs to a predetermined breath gas pressure level;

determining in a control unit a filling volume of the breath gas needed to achieve said predetermined breath gas pressure level from said starting pressure;

determining in said control unit a lung elastic property based on a relationship between said determined filling volume of the breath gas and differences in said starting pressure and said predetermined breath gas pressure level; and

determining in said control unit a respiration rate exploiting at least said lung elastic property.

2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising determining in said control unit a target breath volume, which is based on one of said determined filling volume of the breath gas and some other relationship to said lung elastic property;

and when determining said respiration rate exploiting besides said lung elastic property but also said target breath volume.

3. The method according to claim 2, further comprising releasing in an expiration circuit the pressure of lungs from said predetermined breath gas pressure level;

and determining in said control unit a time needed for the release of the pressure of the lungs.

4. The method according to claim 3, further comprising receiving in said control unit an inspiration to expiration time ratio;

and determining in said control unit an expiration time based on said inspiration to expiration time ratio, said time needed for the release of the pressure of the lungs, and said respiration rate.

5. The method according to claim 4, further comprising determining in said control unit an inspiration time based on said determined expiration time and said determined respiration rate.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein said lung elastic property is a compliance, which is a ratio of said determined filling volume of the breath gas to differences in said starting pressure and said predetermined breath gas pressure level.

7. The method according to claim 1, further comprising estimating in said control unit a patient size based on said determined lung elastic property;

estimating in said control unit a serial dead space based on said estimated patient size, which serial dead space is the breath gas volume with insufficient subject gas exchange on the alveoli of the lungs; and

determining in said control unit based on said estimated serial dead space a target alveolar breath volume.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein said determined target alveolar breath volume is a difference of determined target breath volume, which is one of equal to said determined filling volume of the breath gas and based on said lung elastic property, and said estimated serial dead space.

9. The method according to claim 7, further comprising estimating in said control unit an energy expenditure of the patient based on said estimated patient size;

estimating in said control unit metabolic carbon dioxide production rate based on said estimated energy expenditure; and

receiving in said control unit a target end tidal carbon dioxide concentration.

10. The method according to claim 7, further comprising determining in said control unit a target alveolar ventilation demand based on said estimated metabolic carbon dioxide production rate and said received target end tidal carbon dioxide concentration.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein said determined target alveolar ventilation demand is a ratio of said estimated metabolic carbon dioxide production rate and said received target end tidal carbon dioxide concentration.

12. The method according to claim 10, further comprising determining in said control unit the respiration rate by dividing said determined target alveolar ventilation demand with said determined target alveolar breath volume.

13. An arrangement for determining a ventilation need specific for a patient, said arrangement comprising:

a machine ventilator circuit configured to connect to lungs of the patient and which machine ventilator circuit comprises an inspiration delivery unit for delivering a gas flow to assist an inspiration, at least one flow sensor for measuring said gas flow and an expiration circuit for controlling a discharge of an expiration gas; and

a control unit configured to control an operation of said machine ventilator circuit,

wherein said machine ventilator circuit is configured to provide a breath gas from a starting pressure to lungs of the patient to start inspiration; and

to fill lungs to a predetermined breath gas pressure level; and

wherein said control unit is configured to determine a filling volume of the breath gas, based on said measured gas flow, needed to achieve said predetermined breath gas pressure level from said starting pressure;

to determine a lung elastic property based on a relationship between said determined filling volume of the breath gas and differences in said starting pressure and said predetermined breath gas pressure level; and

to determine a respiration rate exploiting at least said lung elastic property.

14. The arrangement according to claim 13, further comprising a gas mixer configured to supply a fresh gas for the subject breathing;

and a breathing circuit configured to connect lungs of the subject with said machine ventilator circuit and said gas mixer to provide an inspiration gas including the fresh gas for the subject breathing, said breathing circuit comprising a branching unit having at least three limbs, one of them being for an inspired gas, a second one being for an expired gas and a third one being for both the inspired and expired gases.

15. The arrangement according to claim 13, wherein said control unit is further configured to determine a target breath volume, which is based on one of said determined filling volume of the breath gas and some other relationship to said lung elastic property;

and when determining said respiration rate exploiting besides said lung elastic property but also said target breath volume.

16. The arrangement according to claim 15, wherein said expiration circuit of said machine ventilator circuit is further configured to release the pressure of lungs from said predetermined breath gas pressure level;

and wherein said control unit is configured to determine a time need for the release of the pressure of the lungs.

17. The arrangement according to claim 16, wherein said control unit is configured to receive an inspiration to expiration time ratio;

and to determine an expiration time based on said inspiration to expiration time ratio, said time needed for the release of the pressure of the lungs, and said respiration rate.

18. The arrangement according to claim 17, wherein said control unit is configured to determine an inspiration time based on said determined expiration time and said determined respiration rate.

19. A method for determining a ventilation need specific for a patient, said method comprising:

providing a breath gas with a machine ventilator circuit from a starting pressure to lungs of the patient to start inspiration;

filling lungs to a predetermined breath gas pressure level;

determining in a control unit a filling volume of the breath gas needed to achieve said predetermined breath gas pressure level from said starting pressure;

determining in said control unit a lung elastic property based on a relationship between said determined filling volume of the breath gas and differences in said starting pressure and said predetermined breath gas pressure level;

determining in said control unit a target breath volume, which is based on one of said determined filling volume of the breath gas and some other relationship to said lung elastic property;

determining in said control unit a respiration rate exploiting said lung elastic property and said target breath volume;

releasing in an expiration circuit the pressure of lungs from said predetermined breath gas pressure level;

determining in said control unit a time needed for the release of the pressure of the lungs;

receiving in said control unit an inspiration to expiration time ratio;

and determining in said control unit an expiration time based on said inspiration to expiration time ratio, said time needed for the release of the pressure of the lungs, and said respiration rate; and

determining in said control unit an inspiration time based on said determined expiration time and said determined respiration rate.

20. The method according to claim 19, further comprising estimating in said control unit a patient size based on said determined lung elastic property;

estimating in said control unit a serial dead space based on said estimated patient size;

determining in said control unit based on said estimated serial dead space a target alveolar breath volume;

estimating in said control unit an energy expenditure of the patient based on said estimated patient size;

estimating in said control unit metabolic carbon dioxide production rate based on said estimated energy expenditure;

receiving in said control unit a target end tidal carbon dioxide concentration;

determining in said control unit a target alveolar ventilation demand based on said estimated metabolic carbon dioxide production rate and said received target end tidal carbon dioxide concentration; and

determining in said control unit the respiration rate by dividing said determined target alveolar ventilation demand with said determined target alveolar breath volume.