TEMPERATURE SENSING USING DISTRIBUTED ACOUSTIC SENSING

• US 20150146759A1
• Filed: 10/22/2014
• Published: 05/28/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 11/25/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Baker Hughes Incorporated (Baker Hughes Company)
• Original Assignee: Baker Hughes Incorporated (Baker Hughes Company)
• Inventors: Johnston, William
• Granted Patent: US 10,208,586 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 374/117
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 47/07 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 47/135 using light waves, e.g. infrared or ultraviolet waves
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 47/14 using acoustic waves
• CPC Class Codes: G01K 11/22 using measurement of acoustic effects
• CPC Class Codes: G01K 11/32 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres

Abstract

An embodiment of a method of measuring temperatures includes: taking distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) measurement data by transmitting interrogation signals into an optical fiber disposed in an environment of interest, and receiving reflected signals over a selected time period from the optical fiber; processing the DAS measurement data to separate components of the DAS data associated with changes in temperature; and generating a temperature change profile for the selected time period based on the separated components of the DAS data.

Claims

1. A method of measuring temperatures, comprising:

taking distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) measurement data by transmitting interrogation signals into an optical fiber disposed in an environment of interest, and receiving reflected signals over a selected time period from the optical fiber;

processing the DAS measurement data to separate components of the DAS data associated with changes in temperature; and

generating a temperature change profile for the selected time period based on the separated components of the DAS data.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein processing includes selecting a plurality of adjacent time windows in the selected time period, each time window corresponding to amplitude modulations associated with changes in temperature

3. The method of claim 2, wherein each time window corresponds to a period of low frequency oscillations of the DAS measurement data associated with changes in temperature.

4. The method of claim 1, further comprising taking at least one absolute temperature measurement within the selected time period by a temperature sensor disposed in the environment of interest, and generating an absolute temperature profile for the selected time period based on the at least one absolute temperature measurement and the temperature change profile.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the reflected signals are interference signals, and processing the DAS measurement data includes separating relatively long period oscillating signal components from relatively short period oscillating signal components.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein processing includes associating the relatively long period components with changes in temperature, and associating the relatively short period components with acoustic changes.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the environment of interest is a borehole in an earth formation.

8. The method of claim 1, further comprising separating components of the DAS measurement data associated with pressure changes from the components associated with changes in temperature to identify changes in fluid pressure incident on the optical fiber.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein separating the components associated with pressure changes includes:

generating a first temperature profile for a first time period based on the DAS measurement data for the first time period, the first time period associated with a first region of the optical fiber;

generating a second temperature profile for a second time period based on the DAS measurement data for the second time period, the second time period associated with a second region of the optical fiber;

identifying differences between the first temperature profile and the second temperature profile; and

associating the differences with a change in fluid pressure.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein identifying the differences includes determining whether changes in the DAS data propagate at a speed consistent with pressure changes.

11. A system for measuring temperatures, comprising:

a distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) measurement device including an optical fiber configured to be disposed in an environment of interest and an interrogation unit configured to transmit interrogation signals and receive reflected signals over a selected time period from the optical fiber;

a processor configured to receive DAS measurement data generated based on the reflected signals, the processor configured to perform;

processing the DAS measurement data to separate components of the DAS data associated with changes in temperature; and

generating a temperature change profile for the selected time period based on the separated components of the DAS data.

12. The system of claim 11, wherein processing includes selecting a plurality of adjacent time windows in the selected time period, each time window corresponding to amplitude modulations associated with changes in temperature

13. The system of claim 12, wherein each time window corresponds to a period of low frequency oscillations of the DAS measurement data associated with changes in temperature.

14. The system of claim 11, further comprising a temperature sensor configured to be disposed in the environment of interest and take at least one absolute temperature measurement within the selected time period, the processor configured to generate an absolute temperature profile for the selected time period based on the at least one absolute temperature measurement and the temperature change profile.

15. The system of claim 11, wherein the reflected signals are interference signals, and processing the DAS measurement data includes separating relatively long period oscillating signal components from relatively short period oscillating signal components.

16. The system of claim 15, wherein processing includes associating the relatively long period components with changes in temperature, and associating the relatively short period components with acoustic changes.

17. The system of claim 11, wherein the environment of interest is a borehole in an earth formation.

18. The system of claim 11, further comprising separating components of the DAS measurement data associated with pressure changes from the components associated with changes in temperature to identify changes in fluid pressure incident on the optical fiber.

19. The system of claim 18, wherein separating the components associated with pressure changes includes:

generating a first temperature profile for a first time period based on the DAS measurement data for the first time period, the first time period associated with a first region of the optical fiber;

generating a second temperature profile for a second time period based on the DAS measurement data for the second time period, the second time period associated with a second region of the optical fiber;

identifying differences between the first temperature profile and the second temperature profile; and

associating the differences with a change in fluid pressure.

20. The system of claim 19, wherein identifying the differences includes determining whether changes in the DAS data propagate at a speed consistent with pressure changes.