Grid Diagram Creation and Operation Control

• US 20150153153A1
• Filed: 12/16/2014
• Published: 06/04/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 06/22/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: SMA Solar Technology AG
• Original Assignee: SMA Solar Technology AG
• Inventors: Premm, Daniel, Bettenwort, Gerd, Allert, Claus, Buelo, Thorsten, Stevens, Stijn, Fawzy, Yehia Tarek
• Granted Patent: US 10,247,537 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G01B 2210/58 Wireless transmission of information between a sensor or probe and a control or evaluation unit
• CPC Class Codes: G01B 7/28 for measuring contours or curvatures
• CPC Class Codes: G01D 2204/47 Methods for determining the topology or arrangement of meters in a network
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/42 AC power supplies
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 13/021 in which a variable is automatically adjusted to optimise the performance
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2203/20 Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/00 Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 90/20 Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector smart grids supporting the management or operation of end-user stationary applications in general, or like technologies with no associated climate change mitigation effect Y04S20/00
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/00 Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/00 Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/30 Smart metering, e.g. specially adapted for remote reading
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 40/20 Information technology specific aspects, e.g. CAD, simulation, modelling, system security

Abstract

For determining the topology of a grid section of an AC power grid, the grid section comprising a grid connection point, at least one branch branching off from the grid connection point and including a plurality of energy consumption and/or energy generation units, and at least one measurement point in the at least one branch, dependencies of variations of a grid voltage measured at the at least one measurement point based on variations of connection power values of at least some individual ones of the energy consumption and/or energy generation units are determined.

Claims

1. A method of determining a topology of a grid section of an AC power grid, the grid section comprising a grid connection point, at least one branch branching off from the grid connection point and including a plurality of energy consumption and/or generation units, and at least one measurement point in the at least one branch, the method comprising:

measuring a grid voltage at the at least one measurement point; and

determining dependencies of variations of the grid voltage at the at least one measurement point based on variations of connection power values of at least some individual energy consumption and/or generation units of the plurality of energy consumption and/or generation units, the connection power values comprising measured connection power values of at least one of the at least some individual energy consumption and/or generation units.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the variations of the connection power values considered in determining the dependencies comprise variations of at least one of active power and reactive power of the at least some individual energy consumption and/or generation units.

3. The method of claim 1, further comprising determining electric relative positions of the at least some individual energy consumption and/or generation units with regard to the at least one measurement point and the grid connection point from the determined dependencies.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the electric relative positions of the at least some individual energy consumption and/or generation units are determined based on a correlation analysis of the variations of the grid voltage and the variations of the connection power values.

5. The method of claim 3, wherein, for determining the electric relative positions, it is determined whether the at least one measurement point and the at least some individual energy consumption and/or generation units are connected to at least one of a same phase and a same branch of the AC power grid.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein, for the at least one measurement point and those of the at least some individual energy consumption and/or generation units that are connected to the same branch, a sequence of connections to the same branch from the point of view of the grid connection point is determined.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the variations of the connection power values are measured directly at all of the at least some individual energy consumption and/or generation units.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the variations of the connection power values of some of the at least some individual energy consumption and/or generation units are derived from variations of the grid voltage, wherein the variations of the grid voltage are assigned to the individual energy consumption and/or generation units based on characteristic time courses of their connection power values.

9. The method of claim 8, further comprising, at first, recognizing unknown energy generation units of the at least some individual energy consumption and/or generation units based on variations of the grid voltage due to weather-dependent variations of their connection power values which are offset in time with regard to variations of the grid voltage due to weather-based variations of the measured connection power values of at least one known energy generation unit of the at least some individual energy consumption and/or generation units.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein after determining the dependency of determined variations of the grid voltage on variations of the measured connection power values of at least one known energy generation unit of the at least some individual energy consumption and/or generation units, evaluating the measured grid voltage for the occurrence of variations which are similar to the determined variations but which are not dependent on variations of the directly measured connection power values of the at least one known energy generation unit, and that from the occurrence of similar variations a conclusion is drawn on the presence of energy generation units that are similar to the at least one known energy generation unit.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein a correlation analysis of the grid voltage with regard to the determined variations of the grid voltage is made to recognize similar variations of the grid voltage.

12. The method of claim 9, further comprising determining a spatial arrangement of recognized energy generation units including photovoltaic generators or wind generators based on variations of their connection power values time-wise offset with regard to known energy generation units including photovoltaic generators or wind generators.

13. The method of claim 1, wherein the variations of the connection power values of single ones of the at least some individual energy consumption and/or generation units are forced.

14. The method of claim 2, wherein the measured connection power values of the at least one of the at least some individual energy consumption and/or generation units are pure active or pure reactive power values.

15. A method of operating a plurality of energy consumption and/or generation units which are included in a grid section of an AC power grid and which are controllable with regard to their connection power values for achieving at least one optimization aim, wherein in controlling the energy consumption and/or generation units, a topology of the grid section is considered;

and

wherein determining the topology comprises;

measuring the grid voltage at at least one measurement point in the grid section; and

determining dependencies of variations of the grid voltage at the at least one measurement point based on variations of connection power values of the plurality of energy consumption and/or generation units.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the at least one optimization aim is selected from:

keeping away all operation parameters of the grid section from stability limits;

a defined power flow at a grid connection point via which the grid section is connected to the further AC power grid;

a maximum usage of grid capacity available in the grid section;

a maximum conservation of the controllable energy consumption and/or generation units;

a maximization of economic advantages; and

a maximum usage of energy from regenerative energy generation units.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein a plurality of optimization aims is strived for one after the other, wherein for achieving a further optimization aim only such measures are taken which do not conflict with a conservation of an already achieved optimization aim.

18. The method of claim 16, wherein a plurality of optimization aims is strived for simultaneously.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein the optimization aims strived for simultaneously are weighted differently.

20. The method of claim 15, wherein the at least one optimization aim or a sequence or a weighting of a plurality of optimization aims is predetermined by a grid control center of the AC power grid.

21. The method of claim 15, wherein the controllable energy consumption and/or generation units are ranked with regard to their efficiency in being controlled for achieving the at least one optimization aim, and that the controllable energy consumption and/or generation units are controlled in the sequence of their ranking for achieving the at least one optimization aim.