Location Accuracy Prediction

• US 20150181372A1
• Filed: 12/20/2013
• Published: 06/25/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 12/20/2013
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Original Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Inventors: Huang, Joseph Ding-Jiu, Huang, Ronald K., Mayor, Robert, Millman, David Benjamin
• Application Number:
  US14/137,977
• Publication Number:
  US 20150181372A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/02 Services making use of location information
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/029 Location-based management or tracking services

Abstract

Survey data for an environment is used to predict the accuracy of a position estimate in the environment and whether or not more survey data may improve that accuracy. In some implementations, a user performs a site survey of an environment by observing the strengths of radio frequency signals at various survey points in the environment. An expected positioning accuracy of the surveyed environment can be determined using the new survey data collected and optionally historical survey data for the environment. The user can be informed about the usefulness of collecting additional survey data and/or the expected positioning accuracy in the environment.

Claims

1. A method of determining a grid-cell size for estimating the location of a device operating in an environment having radio frequency (RF) signal sources, the method comprising:

dividing the environment into a grid including a number of grid-cells, each grid-cell having a first grid-cell size;

for each grid-cell containing one or more survey points;

determining a likelihood score based on a signal strength measured at the one or more survey points; and

contributing the signal strength measurement to a statistical model for the grid-cell, where the statistical model provides a total likelihood score for the grid-cell;

determining a total likelihood score for the grid from the total likelihood scores for the surveyed grid-cells; and

repeating the method for one or more additional grids, each additional grid including grid-cells having grid-cell sizes that are different than the first grid-cell size, where the method is performed by one or more hardware processors.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

selecting one of the grid or additional grids for use in position estimation in the environment based on the total likelihood scores for the first grid and additional grids.

3. The method of claim 1, where the environment is an indoor location.

4. The method of claim 1, where the RF signal sources are wireless access points or beacons.

5. The method of claim 1, where at least one grid-cell is square shaped.

6. The method of claim 1, where the likelihood score is determined by a log likelihood function.

7. The method of claim 1, where the statistical model is a Rayleigh distribution or an approximation of a Rayleigh distribution.

8. The method of claim 2, where selecting one of the grid or additional grids for use in the location estimation, further comprises selecting the grid having a grid-cell size by searching for a grid-cell size that minimizes a likelihood function of grid-cell size.

9. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

providing feedback to a surveyor visually or through an audio output of the device while the environment is being surveyed.

10. The method of claim 1, where the likelihood score for at least one survey point is uniform or exponential across a range of signal strengths.

11. A system comprising:

one or more processors;

memory coupled to the one or more processors and configured to store instructions, which, when executed by the one or more processors, causes the one or more processors to perform operations comprising;

dividing the environment into a grid including a number of grid-cells, each grid-cell having a first grid-cell size;

for each grid-cell containing one or more survey points;

determining a likelihood score based on a signal strength measured at the one or more survey points; and

contributing the signal strength measurement to a statistical model for the grid-cell, where the statistical model provides a total likelihood score for the grid-cell;

determining a total likelihood score for the grid from the total likelihood scores for the surveyed grid-cells; and

repeating the method for one or more additional grids, each additional grid including grid-cells having grid-cell sizes that are different than the first grid-cell size.

12. The system of claim 11, the operations further comprising:

selecting one of the grid or additional grids for use in the location estimation of the device based on the total likelihood scores for the first grid and additional grids.

13. The system of claim 11, where the environment is an indoor location.

14. The system of claim 11, where the RF signal sources are wireless access points or beacons.

15. The system of claim 11, where at least one grid-cell is square shaped.

16. The system of claim 11, where the likelihood score is determined by a log likelihood function.

17. The system of claim 11, where the statistical model is a Ricean distribution or an approximation of a Ricean distribution.

18. The system of claim 12, where selecting one of the grid or additional grids for use in the location estimation, further comprises selecting the grid having a grid-cell size by searching for a grid size that minimizes a likelihood function of grid size.

19. The system of claim 11, the operations further comprising:

providing feedback to a surveyor visually or through an audio output of the device while the environment is being surveyed.

20. The system of claim 11, where the likelihood score for at least one survey point is uniform or exponential across a range of signal strengths.