MICROFLUIDIC-NANOFLUIDIC DEVICES FOR DETECTION AND MEASUREMENT OF REDOX ACTIVE SUBSTANCES
First Claim
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1. A device for measurement of a concentration of a redox active substance in a sample, the device comprising:
- a nanofluidic electrode assembly comprising a nanofluidic channel disposed in a substrate, a first working electrode disposed in the nanofluidic channel, and a reference electrode disposed in the nanofluidic channel; and
a microfluidic channel in said substrate, the microfluidic channel in fluid communication with the nanofluidic channel;
wherein the device is capable of measuring a concentration of the redox active substance present in the nanofluidic channel as current flow through the first working electrode.
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Abstract
Devices including an electrode assembly within a nanofluidic channel are provided for electrochemical measurement of the concentration of a redox active substance. Also provided are methods of fabricating the devices and methods of measuring a concentration of a redox active substance using the devices. The devices and methods, and sensors embodying them, provide fast and sensitive detection of the presence of a microorganism by detecting a redox active substance produced by the microorganism while preventing venting access of the microoganism itself to the electrode assembly.
7 Citations
58 Claims
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1. A device for measurement of a concentration of a redox active substance in a sample, the device comprising:
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a nanofluidic electrode assembly comprising a nanofluidic channel disposed in a substrate, a first working electrode disposed in the nanofluidic channel, and a reference electrode disposed in the nanofluidic channel; and a microfluidic channel in said substrate, the microfluidic channel in fluid communication with the nanofluidic channel; wherein the device is capable of measuring a concentration of the redox active substance present in the nanofluidic channel as current flow through the first working electrode. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, 13, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 25, 29, 31, 48, 49, 54, 56, 57, 58)
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4-5. -5. (canceled)
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8. (canceled)
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12. (canceled)
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14-15. -15. (canceled)
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21-24. -24. (canceled)
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26-28. -28. (canceled)
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30. (canceled)
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32. (canceled)
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33. A method of fabricating a nanoscale device for measurement of a concentration of a redox active substance in a sample, the device comprising a nanofluidic electrode assembly in fluid communication with a microfluidic channel, the method comprising the steps of:
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depositing a first electrode layer on a substrate; depositing a sacrificial layer on the first electrode layer; depositing a reference electrode layer on the sacrificial layer; depositing an insulating layer on the reference electrode layer; forming two or more holes through the insulating layer, the holes providing a fluid connection to the sacrificial layer; applying an etching agent through the holes, whereby the sacrificial layer is etched away to form a nanochannel, the first electrode layer and reference electrode layer each forming at least a portion of a wall of the nanochannel; and preparing a microfluidic channel in the substrate, the microfluidic channel in fluid connection with the nanochannel.
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34-47. -47. (canceled)
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50-53. -53. (canceled)
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55. (canceled)
Specification