VALLEY TO VALLEY SWITCHING IN QUASI-RESONANT MODE FOR DRIVER

• US 20150244273A1
• Filed: 12/12/2014
• Published: 08/27/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 02/26/2014
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Infineon Technologies Austria Ag (Infineon Technologies AG)
• Original Assignee: Infineon Technologies Austria Ag (Infineon Technologies AG)
• Inventors: Schaemann, Marcus, Barrenscheen, Jens, Krueger, Martin, Fahlenkamp, Marc
• Granted Patent: US 9,660,542 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/0058 by employing soft switching techniques, i.e. commutation of transistors when applied voltage is zero or when current flow is zero using an auxiliary actively switched resonant commutation circuit connected to an intermediate DC voltage or between two push-pull branches of an inverter bridge H02M7/4811; in resonant inverters H02M7/4815; in inverters operating from a resonant DC source H02M7/4826
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/08 Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/12 Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/36 Means for starting or stopping converters
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/33523 with galvanic isolation between input and output of both the power stage and the feedback loop
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 7/517 with special starting equipment
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 45/3725 Switched mode power supply [SMPS]
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 45/385 using flyback topology
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/10 Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

Techniques are described to adjust the time when a switch is turned on from the time of one voltage valley to the time of another voltage valley for controlling an average load current or average load voltage. In some examples, the adjustment is instantaneous, and in some examples, the adjustment is gradual. Both of these example techniques provide for high switching efficiency of the switch.

Claims

1. A method for controlling power delivered to a load, the method comprising:

determining whether or not to adjust a turn-on time of a switch from a first time associated with a first voltage valley in an oscillating voltage at a node of the switch so that an average amount of current flowing through the load or an average amount of voltage at the load is approximately equal to a target current load level or a target voltage load level;

determining a second time associated with a second voltage valley in the oscillating voltage;

adjusting gradually the turn-on time of the switch from the first time to the second time, through an intermediate time associated with a non-valley voltage in the oscillating voltage at the node of the switch, based on the determination to adjust the turn-on time; and

adjusting gradually one or more switch operational parameters for the switch to keep the amount of power delivered to the load approximately constant during the gradual adjustment of the turn-on time of the switch from the first time to the second time.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein during the gradual adjustment of the turn-on time of the switch, the turn-on time of the switch is adjusted to the intermediate time associated with the non-valley voltage in the oscillating voltage at the node of the switch, and wherein during the gradual adjustment of the one or more switch operational parameters, the one or more switch operational parameters are adjusted to keep the amount of power delivered to the load approximately constant when the turn-on time is adjusted to the intermediate time associated with the non-valley voltage during the adjustment of the turn-on time from the first time to the second time.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein adjusting gradually the one or more switch operation parameters comprises adjusting gradually with a feedback control loop that senses an amount of current flowing through the switch during the gradual adjustment of the turn-on time of the switch from the first time to the second time.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more switch operational parameters comprise a time duration that defines how long the switch is turned on.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more switch operational parameters comprise a peak-current threshold amplitude that defines how long the switch is turned on.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the oscillating voltage occurs at a drain node of the switch when the switch is off and there is no current flowing through a coil connected to the switch.

7. A driver system for controlling power delivered to a load, the driver system comprising:

a transformer comprising a primary side that includes a first coil and a secondary side that includes a second coil, wherein the load is connected to the second coil;

a switch coupled to the first coil; and

a driver coupled to the switch and configured to;

determine whether or not to adjust a turn-on time of the switch from a first time associated with a first voltage valley in an oscillating voltage at a node of the switch so that an average amount of current flowing through the load or an average amount of voltage at the load is approximately equal to a target current load level or a target voltage load level;

determine a second time associated with a second voltage valley in the oscillating voltage;

adjust gradually the turn-on time of the switch from the first time to the second time, through an intermediate time associated with a non-valley voltage in the oscillating voltage at the node of the switch, based on the determination to adjust the turn-on time; and

adjust gradually one or more switch operational parameters for the switch to keep the amount of power delivered to the load approximately constant during the gradual adjustment of the turn-on time of the switch from the first time to the second time.

8. The driver system of claim 7, wherein during the gradual adjustment of the turn-on time of the switch, the driver adjusts the turn-on time of the switch to the intermediate time associated with the non-valley voltage in the oscillating voltage at the node of the switch, and wherein during the gradual adjustment of the one or more switch operational parameters, the driver adjusts the one or more switch operational parameters to keep the amount of power delivered to the load approximately constant when the turn-on time is adjusted to the intermediate time associated with the non-valley voltage during the adjustment of the turn-on time from the first time to the second time.

9. The driver system of claim 7, wherein the transformer further comprises a sensing side that includes a third coil, and wherein the driver is configured to determine the second time based on the third coil sensing the voltage at the node of the switch and a zero crossing detection unit determining when the sensed voltage crosses zero.

10. The driver system of claim 7, wherein to adjust gradually the one or more switch operational parameters, the driver is configured to adjust gradually with a feedback control loop that senses an amount of the current flowing through the switch during the gradual adjustment of the turn-on time of the switch from the first time to the second time.

11. The driver system of claim 7, wherein the one or more switch operational parameters comprise a time duration that defines how long the switch is turned on.

12. The driver system of claim 7, wherein the one or more switch operational parameters comprise a peak-current threshold amplitude that defines how long the switch is turned on.

13. The driver system of claim 7, wherein the oscillating voltage occurs at a drain node of the switch when the switch is off and there is no current flowing through the first coil.

14. A driver for controlling power delivered to a load, the driver comprising:

a controller configured to;

determine whether or not to adjust a turn-on time of a switch from a first time associated with a first voltage valley in an oscillating voltage at a node of the switch so that an average amount of current flowing through the load or an average amount of voltage at the load is approximately equal to a target current load level or a target voltage load level;

determine a second time associated with a second voltage valley in the oscillating voltage;

adjust gradually the turn-on time of the switch from the first time to the second time, through an intermediate time associated with a non-valley voltage in the oscillating voltage at the node of the switch, based on the determination to adjust the turn-on time; and

adjust gradually one or more switch operational parameters for the switch to keep the amount of power delivered to the load approximately constant during the gradual adjustment of the turn-on time of the switch from the first time to the second time.

15. The driver of claim 14, wherein during the gradual adjustment of the turn-on time of the switch, the controller adjusts the turn-on time of the switch to the intermediate time associated with the non-valley voltage in the oscillating voltage at the node of the switch, and wherein during the gradual adjustment of the one or more switch operational parameters, the controller adjusts the one or more switch operational parameters to keep the amount of power delivered to the load approximately constant when the turn-on time is adjusted to the intermediate time associated with the non-valley voltage during the adjustment of the turn-on time from the first time to the second time.

16. The driver of claim 14, wherein to adjust gradually the one or more switch operational parameters, the controller is configured to adjust gradually with a feedback control loop that senses the amount of the current flowing through the switch during the gradual adjustment of the turn-on time of the switch from the first time to the second time.

17. The driver of claim 14, wherein the one or more switch operational parameters comprise a time duration that defines how long the switch is turned on.

18. The driver of claim 14, wherein the one or more switch operational parameters comprise a peak-current threshold amplitude that defines how long the switch is turned on.

19. The driver of claim 14, wherein the oscillating voltage occurs at a drain node of the switch when the switch is off and there is no current flowing through a coil connected to the switch.

20. The driver of claim 14, wherein the controller is configured to determine the second time associated with the second voltage valley in the oscillating voltage based on a time when a current through a coil connected to the switch reaches zero.