MULTIPLE-BED DOWNFLOW REACTOR COMPRISING A MIXING DEVICE, USE OF SAID REACTOR, AS WELL AS MIXING METHOD

• US 20150258517A1
• Filed: 10/08/2013
• Published: 09/17/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 10/10/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Shell USA Incorporated (Shell Plc)
• Original Assignee: Shell Oil Company (Shell Plc)
• Inventors: Degaleesan, Sujatha, Witkamp, Benoit
• Granted Patent: US 10,076,736 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 19/26 Nozzle-type reactors, i.e. the distribution of the initial reactants within the reactor is effected by their introduction or injection through nozzles
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2208/00353 Non-cryogenic fluids
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2208/00362 Liquid
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2208/00371 gaseous
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2208/00849 outside the bed, e.g. baffles
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2208/00902 Nozzle-type feeding elements
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2208/00911 Sparger-type feeding elements
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2208/027 Beds
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00119 Heat exchange inside a feeding nozzle or nozzle reactor
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 4/002 Nozzle-type elements nozzle-type reactors B01J19/26
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 4/004 Sparger-type elements
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 8/0453 the beds being superimposed one above the other
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 8/0492 Feeding reactive fluids for solid material, see B01J8/0015
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 8/0496 Heating or cooling the reactor
• CPC Class Codes: C10G 49/002 Apparatus for fixed bed hydrotreatment processes
• CPC Class Codes: C10G 65/02 plural serial stages only
• CPC Class Codes: C10G 65/12 including cracking steps and other hydrotreatment steps

Abstract

The present invention relates to a multiple-bed downflow reactor comprising vertically spaced beds of solid contact material and a mixing device positioned in an inter bed space between adjacent beds. The mixing device comprises a loop of first nozzles distributed around a vertical axis and arranged for ejecting a fluid in a first ejection direction into said inter bed space, on the one hand, and a loop of second nozzles distributed around the vertical axis and arranged for ejecting a fluid in a second ejection direction into said inter bed space, on the other hand. The first ejection direction is directed inwardly with respect to the loop of first nozzles. The second ejection direction is directed outwardly with respect to the loop of second nozzles.

Claims

1. A multiple-bed downflow reactor comprising vertically spaced beds of solid contact material and a mixing device positioned in an inter bed space between adjacent beds, wherein the mixing device comprises:

a loop of first nozzles distributed around a vertical axis and arranged for ejecting a fluid in a first ejection direction into said inter bed space;

a loop of second nozzles distributed around the vertical axis and arranged for ejecting a fluid in a second ejection direction into said inter bed space;

wherein, for each first nozzle, the first ejection direction is represented in a local orthogonal set of three first ejection vectors comprised of a first radial ejection vector extending perpendicular to the vertical axis, a first axial ejection vector extending parallel to the vertical axis and a first tangential ejection vector extending tangentially with respect to the vertical axis;

wherein, for each second nozzle, the second ejection direction is represented in a local orthogonal set of three second ejection vectors comprised of a second radial ejection vector extending perpendicular to the vertical axis, a second axial ejection vector extending parallel to the vertical axis and a second tangential ejection vector extending tangentially with respect to the vertical axis;

wherein the first radial ejection vectors are directed to the vertical axis whilst the second radial ejection vectors are directed away from the vertical axis; and

wherein the first tangential ejection vectors define a first circumferential direction around the vertical axis, and wherein the second tangential ejection vectors define a second circumferential direction around the vertical axis,

characterized, in that the first and second circumferential direction are opposite to each other.

2. A reactor according to claim 1, wherein the first axial ejection vector or the second axial ejection vector, or both, have a length of zero.

3. A reactor according to claim 1, wherein the first ejection directions and associated first radial ejection vectors of said first ejection nozzles define an angle (α

) of more than 5°

.

4. A reactor according to claim 1, wherein the first ejection directions and associated first radial ejection vectors of said first ejection nozzles define an angle (α

) of at most 35°

.

5. A reactor according to claim 1, wherein the first ejection directions and associated first radial ejection vectors of said first ejection nozzles define an angle (α

) in the range of [5°

, 35°

].

6. A reactor according to claim 1, wherein the second ejection directions and associated second radial ejection vectors of said second ejection nozzles define an angle (β

) of more than 5°

.

7. A reactor according to claim 1, wherein the second ejection direction and associated second radial ejection vectors of said second ejection nozzles define an angle (β

) of at most 35°

.

8. A reactor according to claim 1, wherein the second ejection direction and associated second radial ejection vectors of said second ejection nozzles define an angle (β

) in the range of [0°

, 35°

].

9. A reactor according to claim 1, wherein the mixing device further comprises a tubular ring carrying the first nozzles or the second nozzles, or both.

10. A reactor according to claim 1, comprising a reactor vessel housing said vertically spaced beds and inter bed spaces between adjacent beds, wherein each bed comprises a support grid defining the lower side of the bed and a distribution tray defining the upper side of the bed, wherein the upper side of each inter bed space is defined by the support grid of the adjacent bed above said inter bed space, wherein the lower side of each inter bed space is defined by the distribution tray of the adjacent bed below said inter bed space, wherein the mixing device is arranged in the inter bed space.

11. A reactor according to claim 10, wherein the inter bed space is, except for the mixing device, essentially empty of other constructional parts.

12. A use of a reactor according to claim 1 in hydrocarbon processing, such as in a hydrotreating and/or hydrocracking process.

13. A mixing method for distributing a fluid into a liquid and/or gas in a multiple-bed downflow reactor having an inter bed space between two adjacent beds, such as a hydrocarbon processing reactor, like a hydrocracker;

wherein the method comprises the step of ejecting the fluid into the inter bed space with a loop of first nozzles and a loop of second nozzles;

wherein both the first and second nozzles are distributed around a vertical axis of the reactor and arranged in the inter bed space;

wherein each first nozzle ejects the quench fluid in a first ejection direction and each second nozzle ejects the quench fluid in a second ejection direction;

wherein, for each first nozzle is represented in a local orthogonal set of three first ejection vectors comprised of a first radial ejection vector extending perpendicular to the vertical axis, a first axial ejection vector extending parallel to the vertical axis and a first tangential ejection vector extending tangentially with respect to the vertical axis;

wherein, for each second nozzle, the second ejection direction is represented in a local orthogonal set of three second ejection vectors comprised of a second radial ejection vector extending perpendicular to the vertical axis, a second axial ejection vector extending parallel to the vertical axis and a second tangential ejection vector extending tangentially with respect to the vertical axis;

wherein the first radial ejection vectors are directed to the vertical axis whilst the second radial ejection vectors are directed away from the vertical axis; and

wherein the first tangential ejection vectors define a first circumferential direction around the vertical axis, and wherein the second tangential ejection vectors define a second circumferential direction around the vertical axis,

characterized, in that the first and second circumferential direction are opposite to each other.