METHOD FOR DESIGNING A TURBINE

• US 20150260046A1
• Filed: 03/13/2015
• Published: 09/17/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 03/14/2014
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: MTU Aero Engines AG (MTU)
• Original Assignee: MTU Aero Engines AG (MTU)
• Inventors: Broszat, Dominik, Thouault, Nicolas
• Granted Patent: US 10,066,486 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: F01D 1/04 traversed by the working-fluid substantially axially
• CPC Class Codes: F01D 5/022 with concentric rows of axial blades
• CPC Class Codes: F01D 5/10 Anti- vibration means specially adapted for radial flow machines or engines F01D5/04
• CPC Class Codes: F01D 5/142 of the blades of successive rotor or stator blade-rows
• CPC Class Codes: F01D 5/16 for counteracting blade vibration
• CPC Class Codes: F01D 9/041 using blades F01D5/148 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F05D 2220/323 for aircraft propulsion, e.g. jet engines
• CPC Class Codes: F05D 2240/12 Fluid guiding means, e.g. vanes
• CPC Class Codes: F05D 2240/24 for turbines
• CPC Class Codes: F05D 2260/961 by mistuning rotor blades or stator vanes with irregular interblade spacing, airfoil shape
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 30/00 Computer-aided design [CAD]
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 50/60 Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft

Abstract

A method for designing a turbine having a plurality of stages disposed axially one behind the other in the direction of flow through the turbine, each stage being formed of a stationary row of a plurality of stator vanes and a rotating row of a plurality of rotor blades. The row of rotor blades of at least one of these stages has a plurality of rotor blade clusters each formed of at least two rotor blades (A₁, B₁; A₂, B₂) having different airfoil profiles and/or different distances (φA, φB) from adjacent rotor blades following in the direction of rotation. A vane-to-blade-cluster ratio (V/(B/P)) parameter indicates the ratio of the number of stator vanes (V) to the quotient (B/P) of the number of rotor blades (B) of the stage divided by the number of rotor blades per rotor blade cluster (P). Under a predetermined operating condition of the turbine, this vane-to-blade-cluster ratio parameter is above an upper cut-off limit or below a lower cut-off limit for the modes k=−1, k=−2 and/or k=−3, in particular above an upper cut-off limit for the mode k=−1 or between a lower cut-off limit for the mode k=−1 and an upper cut-off limit for the mode k=−2, of a frequency defined by a ratio of the blade-passing frequency to the number of rotor blades per rotor blade cluster or an integral multiple of this ratio.

Claims

1. A method for designing a turbine having a plurality of stages disposed axially one behind the other in the direction of flow through the turbine, each stage being formed of a stationary row of a plurality of stator vanes and a rotating row of a plurality of rotor blades, the row of rotor blades of at least one of the stages having a plurality of rotor blade clusters each formed of at least two of the rotor blades having different airfoil profiles or different distances from adjacent rotor blades following in the direction of rotation, the stage having a vane-to-blade-cluster ratio (V/(B/P)) parameter indicating the ratio of the number of stator vanes (V) to the quotient (B/P) of the number of rotor blades (B) of the stage divided by the number of rotor blades per rotor blade cluster (P), the method comprising:

designing the stage in such a way that, under a predetermined operating condition of the turbine, the vane-to-blade-cluster ratio parameter is above an upper cut-off limit or below a lower cut-off limit for the modes k==1, k=−

2 or k=−

3, in particular above an upper cut-off limit for the mode k=−

1 or between a lower cut-off limit for the mode k=−

1 and an upper cut-off limit for the mode k=−

2, of a frequency defined by a ratio of the blade-passing frequency to the number of rotor blades per rotor blade cluster or an integral multiple of this ratio.

2. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein the stage is a stage disposed upstream of a further stage, or a stage disposed downstream of a yet further stage of the turbine in the direction of flow.

3. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein the at least two of the rotor blades have different airfoil profiles different from each other by having different airfoil thicknesses, airfoil thickness distributions, twist or stagger distributions or airfoil types.

4. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein the stage is designed in such a way that, under the predetermined operating condition of the turbine, a vane-to-blade ratio parameter indicating the ratio of the number of stator vanes to the number of rotor blades of the stage is below an upper cut-off limit (o_k=−

1, o<sub>k=−

2</sub>) and above a lower cut-off limit (u<sub>k=−

1</sub>, u_k=2) for the modes k=−

1, k=−

2 or k=−

3 and above a lower cut-off limit for the modes k=−

1, k=−

2 or k=−

3 of the blade-passing frequency.

5. A computer program product comprising a program code stored on a tangible non-transitory computer-readable medium for carrying out the method as recited in claim 1.

6. A turbine of a gas turbine engine comprising:

a plurality of stages disposed axially one behind the other in the direction of flow through the turbine, each stage being formed of a stationary row of a plurality of stator vanes and a rotating row of a plurality of rotor blades, the row of rotor blades of at least one of these stages having a plurality of rotor blade clusters which are each formed of at least two rotor blades having different airfoil profiles or different distances from adjacent rotor blades following in the direction of rotation;

the at least one stage having a vane-to-blade-cluster ratio (V/(B/P)) parameter indicating the ratio of the number of stator vanes (V) to the quotient (B/P) of the number of rotor blades (B) of the stage divided by the number of rotor blades per rotor blade cluster (P); and

the stage having, under a predetermined operating condition of the turbine, the vane-to-blade-cluster ratio parameter above an upper cut-off limit or below a lower cut-off limit for the modes k=−

1, k='"'"'2 or k=−

3 or between a lower cut-off limit for the mode k=−

1 and an upper cut-off limit for the mode k=−

2, of a frequency defined by a ratio of the blade-passing frequency to the number of rotor blades per rotor blade cluster or an integral multiple of this ratio.

7. The turbine as recited in claim 6 wherein the row of rotor blades of these stages is formed of the plurality of rotor blade clusters.

8. The turbine as recited in claim 6 wherein the rotor blade clusters of this stage are identical to one another.

9. The turbine as recited in claim 6 wherein the rotor blade clusters of the stage are each formed of at least two rotor blades.

10. The turbine as recited in claim 6 wherein the rotor blade clusters of the stage are each formed of at least four rotor blades.

11. The turbine as recited in claim 6 wherein the rotor blade clusters of the stage each have a first blade, a second rotor blade adjacent thereto and following in the direction of rotation, and an additional first rotor blade or a third rotor blade adjacent thereto and following in the direction of rotation;

the first, second and third rotor blades having different airfoil profiles or different distances from adjacent rotor blades following in the direction of rotation.

12. The turbine as recited in claim 6 wherein the stage is a stage disposed upstream of a further stage, or a stage disposed downstream of a yet further stage of the turbine in the direction of flow.

13. The turbine as recited in claim 12 wherein the stage is a first stage of the turbine.

14. The turbine as recited in claim 12 wherein the stage is a last stage of the turbine.

15. The turbine as recited in claim 6 wherein the stage is designed in such a way that, under the predetermined operating condition of the turbine, a vane-to-blade ratio parameter indicating the ratio of the number of stator vanes to the number of rotor blades of the stage is below an upper cut-off limit (o_k=−

1, o<sub>k=−

2</sub>) and above a lower cut-off limit (u<sub>k−

1</sub>, u<sub>k=−

2</sub>) for the modes k=−

1, k=−

2 or k=−

3 and above a lower cut-off limit for the modes k=−

1, k=−

2 or k=−

3 of the blade-passing frequency.

16. The turbine as recited in claim 15 wherein under the predetermined operating condition of the turbine, a vane-to-blade ratio parameter indicating the ratio of the number of stator vanes to the number of rotor blades of the stage is below an upper cut-off limit for the mode k=−

1.

17. A low-pressure turbine comprising the turbine as recited in claim 6.

18. An aircraft engine comprising the turbine as recited in claim 6.