CATALYST LIGHT OFF TRANSITIONS IN A GASOLINE ENGINE USING MODEL PREDICTIVE CONTROL

• US 20150275792A1
• Filed: 03/26/2014
• Published: 10/01/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 03/26/2014
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations LLC (General Motors Company)
• Original Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations LLC (General Motors Company)
• Inventors: Genslak, Robert J., Cygan, Gary Robert Jr.
• Granted Patent: US 9,587,573 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 2041/1433 using a model or simulation of the system
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 2200/021 Engine temperature
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 2200/0802 Temperature of the exhaust gas treatment apparatus
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 41/024 to increase temperature of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 41/0255 to accelerate the warming-up of the exhaust gas treating apparatus at engine start
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 41/1441 Plural sensors
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 41/1444 characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 41/1445 the characteristics being related to the exhaust flow
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 41/1446 the characteristics being exhaust temperatures
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 41/1454 the characteristics being an oxygen content or concentration or the air-fuel ratio
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/12 Improving ICE efficiencies

Abstract

A system includes a catalyst light-off module that selectively generates a first signal based on an engine coolant temperature and an estimated exhaust enthalpy, a setpoint module that selectively initiates a catalyst light-off period in response to receiving the first signal and that generates a desired exhaust enthalpy, and a first model predictive control (MPC) module that generates predicted parameters based on a model of an engine and a set of possible target values, generates a cost for the set of possible target values based on the predicted parameters and the desired exhaust enthalpy, and selects the set of possible target values from multiple sets of possible target values based on the cost. The system also includes an engine actuator module that adjusts an actuator of the engine based on at least one of the target values.

Claims

1. A system comprising:

a catalyst light-off module that selectively generates a first signal based on an engine coolant temperature and an estimated exhaust enthalpy;

a setpoint module that selectively initiates a catalyst light-off period in response to receiving the first signal and that generates a desired exhaust enthalpy;

a first model predictive control (MPC) module that;

generates predicted parameters based on a model of an engine and a set of possible target values;

generates a cost for the set of possible target values based on the predicted parameters and the desired exhaust enthalpy; and

selects the set of possible target values from multiple sets of possible target values based on the cost; and

an engine actuator module that adjusts an actuator of the engine based on at least one of the target values.

2. The system of claim 1 wherein:

the predicted parameters include a predicted exhaust enthalpy; and

the first MPC module determines the cost based on a difference between the desired exhaust enthalpy and the predicted exhaust enthalpy.

3. The system of claim 2 wherein the cost increases as the difference between the desired exhaust enthalpy and the predicted exhaust enthalpy increases.

4. The system of claim 3 wherein the first MPC module selects the one of the sets of possible target values that has the lowest cost.

5. The system of claim 1 wherein the setpoint module generates the desired exhaust enthalpy based on at least one of a temperature of a catalyst in an exhaust system of the engine, a concentration of oxygen in the catalyst, and a concentration of emissions in the exhaust system downstream from the catalyst.

6. The system of claim 5 wherein the setpoint module adjusts the desired exhaust enthalpy to minimize a catalyst light-off period that begins when the engine is started and ends when the catalyst temperature is equal to a light-off temperature.

7. The system of claim 6 wherein the setpoint module adjusts the desired exhaust enthalpy to minimize an amount of emissions in exhaust gas produced by the engine during the catalyst light-off period.

8. The system of claim 1 further comprising an exhaust enthalpy estimation module that estimates a present exhaust enthalpy based on a mass flow rate of exhaust gas produced by the engine, a temperature of the exhaust gas, and a chemical composition of the exhaust gas, wherein the first MPC module generates the predicted parameters based on the present exhaust enthalpy.

9. The system of claim 1 further comprising a second MPC module that:

generates predicted states of a catalyst in an exhaust system of the engine based on a model of the catalyst and a possible target exhaust enthalpy;

generates a cost for each one of the possible target exhaust enthalpies based on the predicted catalyst states; and

selects one of the possible target exhaust enthalpies based on the cost associated with each one of the possible target exhaust enthalpies.

10. The system of claim 9 wherein the predicted catalyst states include a predicted temperature of the catalyst, a predicted concentration of oxygen in the catalyst, and a predicted concentration of emissions in the exhaust system downstream from the catalyst.

11. A method comprising:

selectively generating a first signal based on an engine coolant temperature and an estimated exhaust enthalpy;

selectively initiating a catalyst light-off period in response to receiving the first signal;

selectively generating a desired exhaust enthalpy;

generating a set of possible target values;

generating predicted parameters based on a model of an engine and the set of possible target values;

generating a cost for the set of possible target values based on the predicted parameters and the desired exhaust enthalpy; and

selecting the set of possible target values from multiple sets of possible target values based on the cost; and

adjusting an actuator of the engine based on at least one of the target values.

12. The method of claim 11 further comprising:

the predicted parameters including a predicted exhaust enthalpy; and

determining the cost based on a difference between the desired exhaust enthalpy and the predicted exhaust enthalpy.

13. The method of claim 12 further comprising the cost increases as the difference between the desired exhaust enthalpy and the predicted exhaust enthalpy increases.

14. The method of claim 13 further comprising selecting the one of the sets of possible target values that has the lowest cost.

15. The method of claim 11 further comprising generating the desired exhaust enthalpy based on at least one of a temperature of a catalyst in an exhaust system of the engine, a concentration of oxygen in the catalyst, and a concentration of emissions in an exhaust system downstream from the catalyst.

16. The method of claim 15 further comprising adjusting the desired exhaust enthalpy to minimize a catalyst light-off period that begins when the engine is started and ends when the catalyst temperature is equal to a light-off temperature.

17. The method of claim 16 further comprising adjusting the desired exhaust enthalpy to minimize an amount of emissions in exhaust gas produced by the engine during the catalyst light-off period.

18. The method of claim 11 further comprising:

estimating a present exhaust enthalpy based on a mass flow rate of exhaust gas produced by the engine, a temperature of the exhaust gas, and a chemical composition of the exhaust gas; and

generating the predicted parameters based on the present exhaust enthalpy.

19. The method of claim 11 further comprising:

generating predicted states of a catalyst in an exhaust system of the engine based on a model of the catalyst and a possible target exhaust enthalpy;

generating a cost for each one of the possible target exhaust enthalpies based on the predicted catalyst states; and

selecting one of the possible target exhaust enthalpies based on the cost associated with each one of the possible target exhaust enthalpies.

20. The method of claim 19 further comprising the predicted catalyst states including a predicted temperature of the catalyst, a predicted concentration of oxygen in the catalyst, and a predicted concentration of emissions in the exhaust system downstream from the catalyst.