CHEST DRAINAGE SYSTEMS AND METHODS

• US 20150320916A1
• Filed: 03/30/2015
• Published: 11/12/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 03/13/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Atrium Medical Corporation (Getinge AB)
• Original Assignee: Atrium Medical Corporation (Getinge AB)
• Inventors: KARWOSKI, Theodore, CROTEAU, James, KRAWCZYK, Joanne, LAROCHELLE, Marc, LEE, Patrick, WANT, Nicholas
• Granted Patent: US 9,814,807 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/00 Measuring for diagnostic purposes radiation diagnosis A61B6/00; diagnosis by ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves A61B8/00; Identification of persons
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/08 Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs A61B5/0205 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 90/39 Markers, e.g. radio-opaque or breast lesions markers
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 2420/00 Materials or methods for coatings medical devices
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 29/08 Materials for coatings
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/0031 Suction control A61M1/0013, A61M1/0041 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/0037 Intermittent or pulsating suction A61M1/0005, A61M1/0062 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/008 Drainage tubes; Aspiration tips
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/69 Drainage containers not being adapted for subjection to vacuum, e.g. bags devices worn by the patient for reception of urine A61F5/44
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/73 comprising sensors or indicators for physical values
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/732 Visual indicating means for vacuum pressure
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/74 Suction control underwater drainage A61M1/61
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/75 Intermittent or pulsating suction A61M1/63, A61M1/772 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/84 Drainage tubes; Aspiration tips for negative pressure wound therapy A61M1/90; for surgical cutting instruments A61B17/32
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2025/105 having a balloon suitable for drug delivery, e.g. by using holes for delivery, drug coating or membranes
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2025/1075 having a balloon composed of several layers, e.g. by coating or embedding
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2025/1079 having radio-opaque markers in the region of the balloon
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2202/0492 Pleural
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2209/082 Mounting brackets, arm supports for equipment
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2210/101 Pleural cavity
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 25/0045 : multi-layered, e.g. coated coating materials A61L29/08
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 25/10 : Balloon catheters A61M25/0125 takes precedence; embolectomy A61B17/22032; retractors A61B17/02; inflatable balloons for placing stents or stent-grafts A61F2/958 ; stomach balloons for treatment of obesity A61F5/0003; oesophagal tubes A61J15/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 25/1002 : characterised by balloon shape A61M25/1006, A61M25/1009 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 27/00 : Drainage appliance for wounds or the like , i.e. wound drains, implanted drains negative pressure wound therapy devices A61M1/90; implements for holding wound open A61B17/02 ; middle ear drainage A61F11/202

Abstract

A chest drainage system including a collection device configured to receive fluid from the pleural cavity of a patient. A sensor is included to detect a pressure differential in the fluid. A display is configured to display a trend in occurrences of changes in pressure of the fluid over time in predetermined time increments based on a number of detections of pressure differentials that exceed a predetermined pressure differential during each of the predetermined time increments. The trend is correlative to the percentage of time that the patient is deemed to have an air leak in the pleural cavity in the predetermined time increments. The trend is derived from a ratio of the quantity of respiratory cycles of the patient for which the predetermined pressure differential is detected (QRC_leak) in the predetermined time increments to the total quantity of respiratory cycles of the patient in respective predetermined time increments (QRC_total).

Claims

1. A chest drainage system comprising:

a collection device configured to receive fluid from the pleural cavity of a patient;

a sensor for detecting a pressure differential in the fluid; and

a display configured to display a trend in occurrences of changes in pressure of the fluid over time in predetermined time increments based on a number of detections of pressure differentials that exceed a predetermined pressure differential during each of the predetermined time increments, the trend being correlative to the percentage of time that the patient is deemed to have an air leak in the pleural cavity in the predetermined time increments,

wherein the display is derived from a ratio of the quantity of respiratory cycles of the patient for which the predetermined pressure differential is detected (QRC_leak) in the predetermined time increments to the total quantity of respiratory cycles of the patient in respective predetermined time increments (QRC_total).

6. A chest drainage system comprising:

a removable and replaceable collection canister having at least one inlet port and at least one outlet port;

a fluid pathway configured to extend from the at least one inlet port of the collection canister to a patient; and

a reusable body portion having at least one inlet port releasably coupled to the at least one outlet port of the collection canister, the reusable body portion having a sensor for detecting whether the at least one inlet port of the reusable body portion is coupled to the at least one outlet port of the collection canister,

wherein the collection canister is configured to collect fluid via the fluid pathway either with or without suction applied when coupled to the reusable body portion,

wherein the collection canister is configured to automatically close the at least one outlet port of the collection canister and collect fluid via the fluid pathway when uncoupled from the reusable body portion, and

wherein the collection canister is configured to be removed from the reusable body portion without introducing atmospheric air into the fluid pathway.

7. A method for clearing a fluid pathway of a chest drainage system, the fluid pathway having a proximal portion configured to extend proximally toward the patient and a distal portion configured to extend distally from the patient, the method including the steps of:

(1) detecting a difference in pressure having a predetermined magnitude between the proximal and distal portions of the fluid pathway;

(2) opening a valve to permit release of pressure in the proximal portion of the fluid pathway;

(3) introducing sub-atmospheric pressure to the distal portion of the fluid pathway from an accumulator of a pressure source;

(4) closing the valve; and

(5) ceasing the introduction of sub-atmospheric pressure to the distal portion of the fluid pathway.

2. The system of claim 9, wherein the display is configured to indicate when the collection device is disconnected from the chest drainage system during any of the predetermined time increments.

3. The system of claim 9, wherein the display is configured to indicate a number of occurrences in which the detected fluid pressure exceeds a predetermined minimum magnitude in each of the predetermined time increments.

4. The system of claim 9, wherein the display is configured to indicate a total amount of air leakage in a respiratory wave form of the patient.

5. The system of claim 9, wherein the display is generated from information including a duration of an air leak having at least a predetermined minimum magnitude.

8. The method of claim 7, further comprising the steps of:

generating the sub-atmospheric pressure; and

storing the generated sub-atmospheric pressure within the accumulator.

9. The method of claim 7, further comprising the step of:

determining when to perform steps (2) and (3) based on at least one of a detected pressure differential between the proximal and distal portions of the fluid pathway and an elapsed time of operation of the chest drainage system.

10. The method of claim 7, wherein step (2) is performed before step (3).

11. The method of claim 7, wherein step (2) is performed after step (3).

12. The method of claim 7, wherein step (2) is performed simultaneously with step (3).

13. The method of claim 7, wherein step (4) is performed before step (5).

14. The method of claim 7, wherein step (4) is performed after step (5).

15. The method of claim 7, wherein step (4) is performed simultaneously with step (5).

16. A pleural drainage system comprising:

a drainage catheter defining a drainage lumen and at least one drainage opening through which fluid is drawn into the drainage lumen from a pleural cavity;

a suction system coupled to apply suction to the drainage lumen in order to draw fluid into the drainage lumen through the at least one drainage opening;

a fluid collector coupled to receive fluid from the drainage lumen of the drainage catheter;

a pressure sensor coupled to the suction system and positioned for sensing a pressure in the pleural cavity;

a processor coupled to receive a signal from the pressure sensor based on the sensed pressure in the pleural cavity; and

a plurality of indicators coupled to the processor and configured to visually indicate a status corresponding to the sensed pressure in the pleural cavity to an operator,

wherein the processor is configured to selectively activate the plurality of indicators such that;

a first indicator of the plurality of indicators is activated when the sensed pressure is within a first predefined range,

a second indicator of the plurality of indicator is activated when the sensed pressure is within a second predefined range, and

a third indicator of the plurality of indicators is activated when the sensed pressure is within a third predefined range.

17. The pleural drainage system of claim 30, wherein the first, second, and third predefined ranges are based on predefined pressure differentials between the pressure in the pleural cavity and a pressure applied by the suction system.

18. The pleural drainage system of claim 30, further comprising a fluid-clearing device for clearing fluid from the drainage catheter of the pleural drainage system.

19. The pleural drainage system of claim 32, wherein the fluid clearing device comprises a pump and an accumulator in fluid communication with the pump.