Method and Apparatus for Determining Markers of Health by Analysis of Blood
First Claim
1. An apparatus to identify a biomarker from blood of a subject, comprising:
- a processor comprising instructions to identify a biomarker of a blood sample of the subject;
an optically transmissive material having a measurement surface to receive the blood sample;
one or more optical energy detectors coupled to the processor and optically coupled to the measurement surface to measure an amount of the biomarker on the measurement surface;
one or more light sources to generate one or more measurement light beams; and
one or more optical elements arranged to direct the one or more measurement light beams from the one or more light sources to the measurement surface and to direct light from the measurement surface to the one or more optical energy detectors,wherein the one or more optical elements is configured to measure a surface of one or more red blood cells on the measurement surface with an evanescent wave extending from the measurement surface to the one or more red blood cells on the measurement surface and wherein the biomarker comprises a biomarker of a membrane of a red blood cell.
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Accused Products
Abstract
Biomarkers of high blood pressure are measured to identify high blood pressure of the subject based on one or more biomarkers. In many embodiments, the response of the biomarker to blood pressure occurs over the course of at least an hour, such that the high blood pressure identification is based on a cumulative effect of physiology of the subject over a period of time. The methods and apparatus of identifying high blood pressure with biomarkers have the advantage of providing improved treatment of the subject, as the identified biomarker can be related to an effect of the high blood pressure on the subject, such as a biomarker corresponding to central blood pressure. The sample can be subjected to increases in one or more of pressure or temperatures, and changes in the blood sample measured over time.
28 Citations
76 Claims
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1. An apparatus to identify a biomarker from blood of a subject, comprising:
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a processor comprising instructions to identify a biomarker of a blood sample of the subject; an optically transmissive material having a measurement surface to receive the blood sample; one or more optical energy detectors coupled to the processor and optically coupled to the measurement surface to measure an amount of the biomarker on the measurement surface; one or more light sources to generate one or more measurement light beams; and one or more optical elements arranged to direct the one or more measurement light beams from the one or more light sources to the measurement surface and to direct light from the measurement surface to the one or more optical energy detectors, wherein the one or more optical elements is configured to measure a surface of one or more red blood cells on the measurement surface with an evanescent wave extending from the measurement surface to the one or more red blood cells on the measurement surface and wherein the biomarker comprises a biomarker of a membrane of a red blood cell. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 27, 33, 34, 48, 49, 50, 54, 73, 75)
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10-11. -11. (canceled)
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25. An apparatus to identify a biomarker from blood of a subject, comprising:
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a processor comprising instructions to identify a biomarker of a blood sample of the subject, wherein the biomarker comprises one or more of a protein, a lipid, a high density lipoprotein, a low density lipoprotein, membrane protein, a transmembrane protein, or a spectrin network, and wherein spectra of the biomarker comprise one or more of an Amide I peak, an Amide II peak, a Carboxylate peak, or an Amide III band, and wherein the Amide I peak, the Amide II peak, and the Amide III band correspond to an alpha helix of the biomarker, a beta sheet of the biomarker, and disordered protein of the biomarker, respectively. - View Dependent Claims (26)
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28-32. -32. (canceled)
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35-47. -47. (canceled)
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51-53. -53. (canceled)
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55-72. -72. (canceled)
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74. (canceled)
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76-168. -168. (canceled)
Specification