AMBIENT INTELLIGENCE BASED ENVIRONMENT SAFE INTERFERENCE FREE CLOSED LOOP WIRELESS ENERGY TRANSFERING/RECEIVING NETWORK WITH HIGHLY FLEXIBLE ACTIVE ADAPTIVE SELF STEERING MULTILEVEL MULTICAST COHERENT ENERGY POWER STREAMS

• US 20150340875A1
• Filed: 12/27/2013
• Published: 11/26/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 12/31/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Muthukumar Prasad
• Original Assignee: Muthukumar Prasad
• Inventors: PRASAD, Muthukumar
• Granted Patent: US 10,424,974 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 1/3203 Power management, i.e. event-based initiation of a power-saving mode
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/30 using light, e.g. lasers
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/40 using two or more transmitting or receiving devices H02J50/50 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/60 responsive to the presence of foreign objects, e.g. detection of living beings
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/90 involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment

Abstract

Ambient intelligence and spatial—computing, filtering & processing based closed loop wireless energy transfer/receive system is a highly flexible design and technique with precise knowledge of environmental users and object to exactly transfer power to scavenging device photo voltaic cell from power source utilising active and adaptive self steering multilevel multicast coherent energy power streams works based on (i) either one or both or network of ambient intelligent systems in environment, power sources and scavenging devices active and precisely sensing & tracking movement, status or change in status of environment & environmental users and objects in real time with its relative direction, dimension, nature, multilayers, range or distance, orientation, position or location, presence and movement of users and objects particularly in Line of Sight [LOS] between power source and scavenging devices thereby correlating with respect to coherent energy power source and power scavenging device; (ii) constant & precisely sensing, tracking and correlating the position, altitude, location, direction, range, orientation, dimension, device type, status of power requirement, status & efficiency of power transfer, state of polarisation, usage and operating modes between and with respect to power scavenging devices photovoltaic cell and coherent energy power source; (iii) actively sensing power sources & scavenging devices proximity environments—nature or property, direction, range and dimension; thereby the ambient intelligent system, power sources and scavenging devices actively communicates with each other to share its status, parameters and interoperate with adaptive closed loop processing algorithm to actively track, compute—power transfer level, polarisation, direction & shaping of beam width, position to self steering & optimising the coherent power streams in 3 dimensional space ultimately to direct coherent energy source [E.g. Light or LASER] with signal processing algorithm ultimately to protects users & other objects by controlling primary & secondary radiation exposure on user, optimise power transfer, precisely transfer power to required devices with right power, adopt the power transfer according to change in environment to continuously transfer power, reduce unnecessary interference, reduce electromagnetic pollution and to save power. Both the power source and scavenging devices comprises of sensor system, communication system, transceiver circuitry, antenna system, processing unit, power transmitter components with source, power receiving components with scavenging devices and power source connected to external power supply. System utilise either single power source or network of power source, In case of network or multiple power source the present system actively interoperates between each other to transfer power to scavenging devices precisely and efficiently.

Claims

1. Highly flexible environment safe interference free closed loop wireless energy transferring &

receiving network works with precise knowledge of environmental users and objects particularly utilising ambient intelligence [Aml], spatial—

processing, computing &

filtering thereby actively self steering coherent energy multicast &

multilevel power streams and beams to precisely optimize the power transfer mainly to power on demand scavenging device photovoltaic cell all according to device type, power requirement status, usage scenarios and operating modes comprise of

a) A network of sensor system present in either one or both or all power source and scavenging devices and its environments that actively generate trigger signal based on parameters comprising of Precisely Sensing—

environmental users &

objects in both stationary and motion with its relative direction, dimension, multilayers, range or distance &

position between [line of sight (LOS)] and correlating with respect to coherent energy power source and power scavenging device;

Active &

Precisely sensing relative—

direction, dimension, orientation, altitude, location and position between and with respect to coherent energy power sources and power scavenging device photovoltaic cell;

Precisely sensing users and scavenging device platform &

environments nature or property [permittivity-ε

, permeability-μ

, conductivity-Ω

, susceptibility, dielectric, organic, inorganic], visual &

infrared sensing;

Sensing scavenging device operating modes and usage scenarios.

b) A processing unit in either one or both or all the power source, scavenging devices and its environments interoperates with each other in real time utilising ambient intelligence, spatial processing, spatial filtering and adaptive closed loop algorithm to check for best feasible environment &

space thereby generating control signal to safe, smart, active and reliably transfer power based on parameters comprising of—

Precisely sensing relative human presence based on property [visual, IR, body &

face recognition] with direction, dimension, orientation, dimension &

range between and with respect to power source &

scavenging device;

Precise knowledge of environment &

environmental objects—

property, dimension, direction, orientation, distance or range, multi layers &

position between and with respect to coherent energy power source and scavenging device photovoltaic cell;

Sensing effect of reflections on environment to minimise unwanted secondary effect &

user radiation exposure;

Property based user sensing thereby precisely sensing head, body &

hand hold effects, face recognition;

Actively shared parameters between power source and scavenging devices;

Status of transmitted and received power level;

Device type, operating modes, usage scenarios and power requirement status are all compared with predetermined &

tested correlation table parameters in an active, adoptive and closed loop manner for precisely computing effect of and effect on environment thereby computing directivity, intensity, gain, beam width and interoperate with network of power source according to scenarios ultimately to efficiently shape &

optimise the power transfer precisely to scavenging device photovoltaic cell with multilevel and multicast beams [not broadcast or to whole device or its environment], protecting the user &

environment by avoiding unnecessary primary &

secondary radiation exposure, avoiding interference and saves loss of power

c) Ambient intelligence based wireless energy transfer/receive optimizing network comprises of one or more or network of self steering coherent energy power source coupled with processing unit &

sensor system that acts according to control signal from processing unit and are capable of actively tracking the human presence &

mobility, environmental objects and scavenging device in real time thereby self steer the multilevel multicast power streams or beams particularly and precisely to one or more power scavenging devices photovoltaic cell ultimately to protect the environmental users, other parts of device, device environment, provide high availability of power while simultaneously optimising between reliable power transfer, avoiding unnecessary user radiation exposure, avoiding interference and loss of power.

d) The Ambient intelligence based power transfer network comprises of multicast &

multilevel coherent energy power transfer setup that utilises lower levels coherent energy power streams for computing &

calibrating the power transfer thereby to precisely sense the status of scavenging device with its photovoltaic cell and once the calibration is completed the coherent energy power streams are shifted to higher levels according to change in environmental conditions and power scavenging device status &

power requirement levels based on design, configuration and scenarios for protecting as well as precise optimising and achieving maximum power transfer. Every time the present system performs re computing &

recalibration when there is a relative environmental change or device status.

e) Ambient intelligence based power transfer network with its high availability transfers power to power scavenging devices irrespective of most of the real world scenarios by shifting or switching between multiple power source according to environmental condition, power requirement status and scenarios. In scenarios where power scavenging device is out of scope of one power source the network of power source smartly interoperate with each other to compute best alternative feasible power source thereby to reliably continue the power transfer to power scavenging device. In scenarios where environmental users and objects presence is sensed with proximity or between Line of Sight or when the present system expects or foresee a user presence or object based on their mobility between LOS of power source and scavenging device, the system either shift to low level or cut off the power transfer in early and check for alternative power source from the network of power source to continue the power transfer to scavenging device photovoltaic cell.

f) The system utilises artificial intelligence and neural network for sensing &

learning the operating modes and usage scenarios to act accordingly.

2. The Ambient intelligence based power transfer network said in claim 1, comprise of sensor system that works based on one or combination of sensors, operating modes and usage scenarios. As the property sensing sensor system has certain range limits [and extending these range limits can leads to complications like increase in size, complexity, power consumption etc], beyond which the present system may utilise visual and infrared cameras for scanning and sensing the environment. The present system smartly toggles between sensors according to design, configurations and scenarios ultimately to obtain the environmental parameters and to optimise power transfer

a) The sensor for sensor system is selected form the group comprising of property sensing sensors, distance or range sensor, optical sensors, visual &

infrared sensors, 2D &

3D [dimension] sensors, orientation sensors, accelerometer, gyro sensor, directional sensors, E-compass or magnetometer, position &

location sensor, temperature sensor, humidity &

moisture sensor, ultrasonic sensors, altitude sensor, belt pouch sensor, clip sensor, cradle or holster sensor.

b) The property sensing sensors and sensor arrays capable of scanning, detecting and sensing the property or nature of various—

environments and biological tissues with its direction, dimension, positions, multi layers &

range with respect to device there by precisely sensing user head, body &

handhold effects, effects of &

effect on platform &

environment of mobile device. The parameters utilised for sensing comprise of permittivity-ε

, permeability-μ

, conductivity-Ω

, susceptibility, dielectric, capacitive sensing, capacitive displacement sensing, inductive sensing, organic and inorganic sensing. The sensor system utilise one or more property sensing sensors &

sensor arrays optimally placed in various locations &

positions according to device design for more precisely sensing in all possible directions. The property sensing sensor are selected from electromagnetic sensors, electrostatic sensors, acoustic, inductive, thermal, echo, capacitive, infrared, eddy current, ambient light, active &

passive sensors.

c) One or more sensors or cameras with visual, infrared [thermo graphic], ultrasonic and its combinations are optimally located in the power source and scavenging device according to the design for scanning &

sensing the environment, user presence, face &

body recognition with autofocus, iris recognition, imaging, scanning &

sensing in all multi direction &

dimension, computing distance range of user &

other environment with respect to device. The infrared cameras utilised comprise of active infrared, passive infrared and its combinations. The system utilises 360 degree or omnidirectional sensors &

cameras [visual &

IR], popup cameras, existing front &

rear cameras, side cameras, 2D &

3D cameras with the lenses utilised comprising of regular camera lens, super ultra wide angle lens, fisheye lense, extreme angle broadband metamaterial lenses, tuneable metamaterial lenses, super lenses, opto fluidics lenses, tuneable lenses ultimately for scanning and detecting the environment in all possible direction. According to design &

scenarios the system utilise fisheye lens for sensing the change in environment and utilise other appropriate feasible lens cameras for further tracking of the objects in the environment.

d) The system works irrespective of availability of light or pitch dark [zero light] environment utilising lookup table with human body'"'"'s band of infrared frequencies or wave lengths for sensing the user with thermal imaging.

e) Gyro sensor, accelerometer, inclinometer, E-Compass or magnetometer to sense the change in orientation and direction of the mobile device. The sensors utilised are selected with one to multi dimension and axis sensing capability.

f) Distance or range sensors and cameras are selected form the ultrasonic range sensor, infrared range sensor, electromagnetic range sensors, acoustic range sensor, visual range sensor, photo electric range sensor that are optimally located to sense the range of user and environment with respect to mobile device in all possible directions.

g) Optimally located one or more thermo graphic or IR sensors, temperature sensors, sensors detecting environments property with multilayer sensing, ambient light sensors, electromagnetic sensors, orientation sensors, sensing usage scenarios and operating modes with predetermined &

tested lookup tables are utilised to more precisely sense the mobile device in user pockets &

pouch with orientation.

h) Property sensing sensors, MIC, ambient light sensors, face recognition with autofocus, iris recognition, active Digital Signal Processing [DSP] and Digital Image Processing [DIP] to sense the change in sound and ambient light level on the environment thereby to enhance the precision in sensing the user and environment.

i) Temperature, moisture and humidity sensors to sense the environment.

j) Position &

location systems are selected from GPS, AGPS, GLONASS, satellite based positioning system, WiFi positioning system, cell sight positioning system, bluetooth positioning, Hybrid positioning system to sense the location &

position of the power source and scavenging device.

k) In case if the parameters need to be obtained is out of scope of one sensor, the system smartly &

actively switch between multiple feasible sensors and other associated sensors to continue with tracking and obtaining of parameters for further processing. As the property sensing sensor system has certain range limits [and extending these range limits can leads to complications like increase in size, complexity, power consumption etc], beyond which the present system may utilise visual and infrared sensors for scanning and sensing the environment. The present system smartly toggles between sensors according to design, configurations and scenarios ultimately to obtain the environmental parameters and to optimise battery power.

l) The sensor system utilise sensors comprising of fixed and tuneable sensitivity &

range are selected according to design, configurations and scenarios. The sensor systems precision levels, sensing depth of dimension and multi layer sensing are utilised according to design &

requirements.

3. The lookup table said claim 1, comprise of mapping tables, threshold level tables, correlation tables which are the comparison tables utilised by the processing unit to actively check and compare the effects between predetermined and tested real world scenarios to the actual real world scenarios with which the system actively shape &

optimise the power transfer accordingly in a smart and adaptive closed loop manner and also for precisely sensing the environmental user, objects and scavenging usage scenarios.

a) The values in the tables are designed and developed by taking parameters comprising of—

various property of environment [permittivity-ε

, permeability-ε

, conductivity-Ω

, susceptibility, dielectric, organic, inorganic], effect &

range of environments, sensing multilayer of environment, sensing various locations &

positions in all possible directions, sensing user, head, body &

handhold effects, near field &

far field effects, transmit power levels, power source &

scavenging device Photo voltaic cell—

direction, range, orientations, polarization loss factor (PLF), oblique instincts, visual &

thermo graphic sensing, effect of mobile device platform, user body band of dielectric values, user body band of infrared frequencies or wavelengths, diffraction &

diffraction limits, effect of &

effect on various environments, operating mode and usage scenarios are all tested at various real world scenario are utilised by processing unit according to scenarios and communication system design.

b) The above parameters and its values in the tables are utilised by the system to determine the change in environment with its property &

direction, user sensing [with band of user body dielectric values &

IR frequencies], conductive &

dielectric nature, secondary radiation, location &

position, orientation and its effects caused more precisely thereby to shape &

optimise the power transfer accordingly.

c) The processing unit utilise analysed, predetermined and tested threshold levels table designed &

developed with different orientations of the devices [antenna] to dynamically synchronise with change in device [antenna] orientation to match the polarisation between or with respect to corresponding communicating devices thereby mitigating the power loss due to polarization mismatch and control polarisation loss factor [PLF]. Orientation threshold levels and corresponding power scavenging device photovoltaic cell oblique instincts are utilised in designing the table which in turn are utilised to vary &

reconfigure the power streams accordingly.

d) The resolutions of the tables are designed, calibrate and fine tuned according to the configurations and requirements.

4. The actively shared parameters said in claim 1, are utilised by the processing unit according to communication system and corresponding acting modes of the devices to actively shares information'"'"'s and utilise one or more parameters between the communicating devices comprising of property of devices environment, device with its photovoltaic cell orientation, range, direction, position &

location, altitude, operating modes and usage scenario;

thereby to direct, shape and optimise the power stream from power source to scavenging device.

5. The processing unit said in claim 1, The present system utilize unique identification mechanism with which the ambient intelligent systems, scavenging devices and the power sources are accurately identified which in turn provides the user to have highly flexible and precise control of power transfer to scavenging devices thereby overcoming and controlling the unwanted and unauthorized power transfer to unwanted scavenging devices are all with authentication, authorization and accounting. The unique identification [e.g. RFID] for all the devices in the network assists in obtaining precise knowledge of position, location, orientation, direction, dimension, distance, environments nature or property and mutual interaction with respect to and between power source and scavenging devices with power transfer status and efficiency to smartly adapt according to scenarios ultimately to transfer power efficiently.

6. The Ambient intelligence based power transfer network said in claim 1, where the system works with communication systems ranging from short to intermediate to long range for its operation. where the system works with wireless technologies comprising of mobile communication, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, WiMax, ZigBee communication systems or a desiccated communication system with modes of the device in master/slave architecture, infrastructure, peer to peer or one to one, adhoc, wireless mesh network.

7. The Ambient intelligence based power transfer network said in claim 1, Energy and power transfer levels are controlled according to type or nature of different devices, its location, range, position according to requirement, design, orientation, configuration and scenarios.

8. The Ambient intelligence based power transfer network said in claim 1, according to design, configuration and scenarios utilizes one or more power source combine together to transfer power with more than one stream to single device to achieve rapid energy transfer according to power requirement status of power scavenging devices. The power sources are wired or wirelessly connected and interoperate between each other to smartly transfer power to required devices simultaneously sensing the change in environment for protecting user, controlling electromagnetic pollution and interference.

9. The Ambient intelligence based power transfer network said in claim 1, the present system controls the beams or streams when a user or other objects intervene or comes between the Line Of Sight [LOS] of power source and scavenging device;

also in case of more than one or multiple power source available the system checks for other feasible power source on network of power source thereby smartly interoperate with other power source and actively transfer power by forming alternative streams and beams ultimately to protect the user in the environment and avoid unnecessary interference with other device and objects.

10. The Ambient intelligence based power transfer network said in claim 1, utilise multilevel multicast streams to power the devices. When more than one device is in close proximity to each other depends upon the location of the devices and its environment the one to multiple collocated devices are combined together for power transfer utilising multicast streams to transfer power.

11. The Ambient intelligence based power transfer network said in claim 1, works by forming network of power source that smartly interoperate with each other in scanning, monitoring and tracking the scavenging devices particularly with environment to active and adaptively switch and vary beams &

streams according to change in environment to transfer power continuously and efficiently.

12. The Ambient intelligence based power transfer network said in claim 1, transfers power to device with power on demand based on power source sensing the status of scavenging device that have sufficient power or backup, device switched off, device in standby mode thereby to stop and control streaming of power to devices.

13. The Ambient intelligence based power transfer network said in claim 1, utilise the power source to transfer power to wirelessly to charging pads or mats, that provides flexibility of placing the charging pad in user convenient place in environment.

14. The Ambient intelligence based power transfer network said in claim 1, the power sources interacts with ambient intelligent systems like home or office ambient intelligent systems for sensing and tracking movement of users to transfer power accordingly.

15. The processing unit said in claim 3, is utilised with application with present ambient intelligent system that assists or guides the user to select the optimum location and position for using the power scavenging device in user living space thereby to achieve best power transfer. The processing unit utilise sensor system parameters, power transfer efficiency parameters, channel capacity, usage scenarios &

operating modes for the computing and detecting the optimum location.

16. The Ambient intelligence based power transfer network said in claim 1, utilise smart mirror non broadcasting repeaters to divert, reflect and transfer the coherent energy from the source to scavenging devices that are out of scope of power source ultimately to transfer the power. The smart mirror works between the power source and scavenging devices and dynamically adopt according to environment to transfer the power to devices that are not directly accessible or feasible to receive power directly from the power source. The Smart mirror non broadcast repeaters are dynamic and actively adopt according to scenarios and comprise of sensor system and interoperate with overall system are dynamic to transfer the power. The power source for smart mirrors operation is either external or internal or utilise power from main power source through radiation. The power source transfers the power to the smart mirror repeaters and the mirror inturn transfers the power to the scavenging devices. The whole system works by precisely sensing the environment, devices location, position, orientation, direction, dimension, range, power transfer &

requirement status etc of both the power source and scavenging devices particularly utilising close loop manner processing algorithm.