Electrochemical Sensor Chip
First Claim
1. A device comprising:
- a polymeric material formed to include a body-mountable surface;
a first substrate at least partially embedded within the polymeric material;
an antenna disposed on the first substrate;
an electrochemical sensor comprising;
a sensor substrate different from the first substrate, wherein the sensor substrate includes a first side and a second side opposite the first side;
a working electrode disposed on the first side of the sensor substrate;
a reference electrode disposed on the first side of the sensor substrate;
a first conductive connection pad disposed on the second side of the sensor substrate, wherein the first conductive connection pad is electrically coupled to the working electrode; and
a second conductive connection pad disposed on the second side of the sensor substrate, wherein the second conductive connection pad is electrically coupled to the reference electrode; and
a controller electrically connected to the electrochemical sensor via the first and second conductive connection pads, wherein the controller is disposed on the first substrate, and wherein the controller is configured to;
(i) apply a voltage between the working electrode and the reference electrode sufficient to generate an amperometric current related to the concentration of an analyte in a fluid to which the device is exposed;
(ii) measure the amperometric current; and
(iii) use the antenna to indicate the measured amperometric current.
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Accused Products
Abstract
An electrochemical sensor is disposed on a sensor substrate suitable for flip-chip mounting to another substrate. The electrochemical sensor can be fabricated in bulk by patterning sets of electrodes on a common substrate with vias that electrically couple each electrode to a conductive pad on the opposite side of the substrate. The substrate with electrodes thereon can then be diced and the individual electrochemical sensors can be flip-chip mounted in a body-mountable device in which the sensor can be used to obtain analyte concentrations. As a result, fabrication of the electrochemical sensor electrodes can be isolated from fabrication of the other electronics in the device, which can facilitate efficient fabrication of the sensor and allows for other electronics to be fabricated without restrictions associated with the electrode fabrication.
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Citations
20 Claims
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1. A device comprising:
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a polymeric material formed to include a body-mountable surface; a first substrate at least partially embedded within the polymeric material; an antenna disposed on the first substrate; an electrochemical sensor comprising; a sensor substrate different from the first substrate, wherein the sensor substrate includes a first side and a second side opposite the first side; a working electrode disposed on the first side of the sensor substrate; a reference electrode disposed on the first side of the sensor substrate; a first conductive connection pad disposed on the second side of the sensor substrate, wherein the first conductive connection pad is electrically coupled to the working electrode; and a second conductive connection pad disposed on the second side of the sensor substrate, wherein the second conductive connection pad is electrically coupled to the reference electrode; and a controller electrically connected to the electrochemical sensor via the first and second conductive connection pads, wherein the controller is disposed on the first substrate, and wherein the controller is configured to;
(i) apply a voltage between the working electrode and the reference electrode sufficient to generate an amperometric current related to the concentration of an analyte in a fluid to which the device is exposed;
(ii) measure the amperometric current; and(iii) use the antenna to indicate the measured amperometric current. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11)
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13. A method comprising:
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forming, in a sensor substrate with a first side and a second side opposite the first side, a first depression and a second depression that extend into the first side, and terminate at respective distal ends within the sensor substrate; filling the first and second depressions with a conductive material that at least partially occupies the first and second depressions between the distal ends thereof and the first side of the sensor substrate; patterning, on the first side of the sensor substrate, a reference electrode; patterning, on the first side of the sensor substrate, a working electrode; and polishing the second side of the sensor substrate so as to expose the first depression and the second depression, and the conductive material occupied therein. - View Dependent Claims (14, 15)
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- 16. The method of claim 12, further comprising patterning, on the polished second side of the sensor substrate, a first conductive pad that overlaps at least a portion of the conductive material exposed in the first depression, and a second conductive pad that overlaps at least a portion of the conductive material exposed in the second depression, such that the first conductive pad and the second conductive pad are electrically connected to the working electrode and the reference electrode, respectively.
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18. The method of claim 12, further comprising patterning a passivation layer that coats at least a portion of the working electrode such that an exposed, electrochemically active surface area of the working electrode is less than a surface area of the working electrode that is disposed on the first side of the sensor substrate.
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19. The method of claim 12, further comprising dicing the sensor substrate to thereby separate an individual flip-chip mountable electrochemical sensor from multiple substantially identical flip-chip mountable electrochemical sensors fabricated on the sensor substrate.
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20. A method comprising:
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applying, via controller, a voltage between a working electrode and a reference electrode of an electrochemical sensor, wherein the applied voltage is sufficient to generate an amperometric current related to the concentration of an analyte in a fluid to which the electrochemical sensor is exposed, wherein the working electrode and the reference electrode are each disposed on a first side of a sensor substrate, wherein a first conductive pad and a second conductive pad are situated on a second side of the sensor substrate opposite the first side, the first conductive pad and the second conductive pad being electrically coupled to the working electrode and the reference electrode, respectively, wherein the controller is disposed on a first substrate different from the sensor substrate, wherein the controller is electrically coupled to the working electrode and the reference electrode via the first and the second conductive pads, respectively, and wherein the first substrate is at least partially embedded in a body-mountable device; measuring the amperometric current using the controller; and using an antenna disposed on the first substrate of the body-mountable device to indicate the measured current.
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Specification