SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR LAPAROSCOPIC MORCELLATOR

• US 20160030073A1
• Filed: 03/05/2014
• Published: 02/04/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 03/14/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Brigham and Women's Hospital Incorporated, President and Fellows of Harvard College (Harvard Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Brigham and Women's Hospital Incorporated, President and Fellows of Harvard College (Harvard Corporation)
• Inventors: Isakov, Alexander, Einarsson, Jon, Walsh, Conor, Murdaugh, Kimberly, Burke, William
• Granted Patent: US 10,258,364 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/221 Gripping devices in the form of loops or baskets for gripping calculi or similar types of obstructions surgical snare instruments A61B17/32056
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/320016 Endoscopic cutting instruments, e.g. arthroscopes, resectoscopes A61B10/0233, A61B17/29, A61B17/3207 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/32002 with continuously rotating, oscillating or reciprocating cutting instruments
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/32056 Surgical snare instruments for removing or smashing calculi A61B2017/2212; tonsillotomes A61B17/26
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/3421 Cannulas
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/0003 of parts of the instruments
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00075 Motion
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00123 and automatic shutdown
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00287 Bags for minimally invasive surgery
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00398 using powered actuators, e.g. stepper motors, solenoids
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00876 magnetic
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/2212 having a closed distal end, e.g. a loop
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/320024 Morcellators, e.g. having a hollow cutting tube with an annular cutter for morcellating and removing tissue
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/0811 for the position of a particular part of an instrument with respect to the rest of the instrument, e.g. position of the anvil of a stapling instrument

Abstract

Embodiments of the invention provide a laparoscopic morcellating device and method for removing tissue from a body cavity. The morcellating device includes a containment mechanism having an aperture, a cutting mechanism designed to fit into an interior space of the containment mechanism and a retractor mechanism that is coupled to the cutting mechanism. The containment mechanism and cutting mechanism combination surrounds the tissue and the aperture of the containment mechanism is closed around the tissue. The morcellating device further includes a motor for actuating the retractor such that the cutting mechanism constricts and morcellates the tissue. The laparoscopic morcellating device further allows for torque balancing of the retractor mechanism, gas flow regulation of the body cavity, and safety feedback mechanisms that can alert the surgeon.

Claims

1. A morcellating device for removing tissue, the morcellating device comprising:

a containment mechanism including an aperture, the containment mechanism having an interior space;

a cutting mechanism, the cutting mechanism being dimensioned to fit into the interior space of the containment mechanism, and the cutting mechanism being dimensioned to surround at least a part of the tissue;

a retractor mechanism, the retractor mechanism coupled to the cutting mechanism; and

a motor for actuating the retractor mechanism such that the cutting mechanism constricts and morcellates the tissue.

2. The morcellating device of claim 1, wherein the cutting mechanism further comprises a perimeter portion and a plurality of compliant elongate members, the plurality of compliant elongate members forming one or more bundles, at least one bundle extending beyond the perimeter portion of the cutting mechanism.

6. The morcellating device of claim 2, wherein the retractor mechanism further includes a movable member coupled to the one or more bundles.

7. The morcellating device of claim 6, further comprising:

a dynamic torque balancing mechanism, the dynamic torque balancing mechanism including;

a first secondary motor coupled to a first movable member;

a second secondary motor coupled to a second movable member, the tissue having a center of mass; and

an accelerometer coupled to the first and second secondary motors, such that when the torque is above a specific threshold on either the first movable member or the second movable member, the bundles coupled to either the first or second movable members are pulled by either the first or second secondary motor to center the center of mass of the tissue over an inside surface of the a hollow shaft, thereby providing a counter balance.

18. The morcellating device of claim 1, further comprising:

a hollow shaft dimensioned to surround a portion of the cutting mechanism, the hollow shaft being partially hollow.

22. The morcellating device of claim 18, wherein the hollow shaft is removable from the morcellating device or is configured to be opened, thereby allowing removal of tissue.

26. The morcellating device of claim 1, further comprising:

a controller in electrical communication with the motor; and

a sensor in electrical communication with the controller, the sensor sensing load variations on the retractor mechanism, such that when the sensor senses a specific load threshold, the controller automatically stops motion of the motor, thereby stopping motion of the containment mechanism and cutting mechanism.

28. The morcellating device of claim 1, further comprising:

a hollow shaft coupled to the retractor mechanism;

a controller in electrical communication with the motor;

a sensor in electrical communication with the controller, the sensor sensing when the cutting mechanism is inside the hollow shaft, such that when the sensor senses the cutting mechanism is fully within an inner portion of the hollow shaft, the controller automatically stops motion of the motor, thereby stopping motion of the cutting mechanism.

31. The morcellating device of claim 1, further comprising:

a hollow shaft coupled to the retractor mechanism;

an indicator that indicates a specific position of the hollow shaft within a trocar;

a sensor in electrical communication with the indicator, the sensor sensing how far the hollow shaft extends into the trocar, such that when the sensor senses the hollow shaft is inside the trocar at a specific distance, the indicator automatically alerts a user.

39. The morcellating device of claim 1, further comprising:

a second motor, the second motor being coupled to the containment mechanism for removal of the containment mechanism from a body.

41. The morcellating device of claim 1, wherein:

the retractor mechanism includes a first movable member and a second movable member; and

the morcellating device further comprises a static torque balancing mechanism, the static torque balancing mechanism including a hollow shaft having an axis of rotation, and a torque shaft coupled to the motor and the retractor mechanism, such that actuation of the retractor mechanism activates the motor and the first and second movable members rotate in opposite directions, thereby reducing the overall torque of the first and second movable member.

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43. A tissue removal device for removing tissue, the tissue removal device comprising:

a containment mechanism including an aperture, the containment mechanism being dimensioned to surround at least a part of the tissue;

a retractor mechanism, the retractor mechanism coupled to the containment mechanism; and

a motor for actuating the retractor mechanism such that the containment mechanism constricts the tissue.

45. The tissue removal device of claim 43, wherein the retractor mechanism further includes a movable member coupled to the containment mechanism,

wherein the tissue removal device further comprises a housing, the housing including a handle and an actuator, the housing enclosing the movable member, the actuator coupled to the motor such that when the actuator is pressed, the motor is activated, thereby activating the retractor mechanism and allowing the movable member to provide a retracting force on the containment mechanism,

wherein the housing, including the handle, is configured to be opened and designed for insertion of replaceable parts, and

wherein the tissue removal device further comprises a deployment mechanism that houses the containment mechanism, the deployment mechanism being separate from the housing for deployment of the containment mechanism into a body.

55. The tissue removal device of claim 43, further comprising:

a hollow shaft dimensioned to surround a portion of the containment mechanism, the hollow shaft being partially hollow.

57. The tissue removal device of claim 55, wherein:

the containment mechanism has a retracted position and an extended position;

in the retracted position, the aperture of the containment mechanism is coupled to an outer surface of the hollow shaft, and a portion of the containment mechanism is disposed within an inner space of the hollow shaft; and

in the extended position, the aperture of the containment mechanism is coupled to the outer surface of the hollow shaft, and the containment mechanism is disposed external to the inner space of the hollow shaft.

58. The tissue removal device of claim 55, wherein:

the containment mechanism has a retracted position and an extended position;

in the retracted position, the aperture of the containment mechanism is coupled to an inner surface of the hollow shaft and the containment mechanism is disposed within the inner surface of the hollow shaft; and

in the extended position, the aperture of the containment mechanism is coupled to an inner surface of the hollow shaft and the containment mechanism is disposed external to the inner space of the hollow shaft.

65. The tissue removal device of claim 43, further comprising:

a controller in electrical communication with the motor;

a sensor in electrical communication with the controller, the sensor sensing load variations on the retractor mechanism, such that when the sensor senses a specific load threshold, the controller automatically stops motion of the motor, thereby stopping motion of the containment mechanism.

66. The tissue removal device of claim 65, wherein the controller decreases the speed of rotation of the motor and the retractor mechanism when the sensor senses a load below the specific load threshold, and the controller increases the speed of rotation of the motor and the retractor mechanism when the sensor senses a load above the specific load threshold.

70. The tissue removal device of claim 43, further comprising:

a hollow shaft coupled to the retractor mechanism;

an indicator that indicates a specific distance of the hollow shaft within a trocar;

a sensor in electrical communication with the indicator, the sensor sensing how far the hollow shaft extends into the trocar, such that when the sensor senses the hollow shaft is inside the trocar at a specific distance, the indicator automatically alerts a user.

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76. A tissue removal device for removing tissue, the tissue removal device comprising:

a cutting mechanism, the cutting mechanism comprised of a wire loop, the cutting mechanism being dimensioned to surround at least a part of the tissue;

a retractor mechanism, the retractor mechanism coupled to the cutting mechanism; and

a motor for actuating the retractor such that the cutting mechanism constricts and severs the tissue.

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