BISPECIFIC T CELL ACTIVATING ANTIGEN BINDING MOLECULES

• US 20160075785A1
• Filed: 08/03/2015
• Published: 03/17/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 08/04/2014
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Hoffmann-La Roche Incorporated (Roche Holding AG)
• Original Assignee: Hoffmann-La Roche Incorporated (Roche Holding AG)
• Inventors: MOLHOJ, MICHAEL, Regula, Joerg Thomas, Schaefer, Wolfgang, Umana, Pablo, Ast, Oliver, Bacac, Marina, Imhof-Jung, Sabine, Jaeger, Christiane, Klein, Christian, Klostermann, Stefan
• Granted Patent: US 9,914,776 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 35/00 Antineoplastic agents
• CPC Class Codes: C07K 16/2809 against the T-cell receptor (TcR)-CD3 complex
• CPC Class Codes: C07K 16/2878 against the NGF-receptor/TNF-receptor superfamily, e.g. CD27, CD30, CD40, CD95
• CPC Class Codes: C07K 16/2887 against CD20
• CPC Class Codes: C07K 16/3053 Skin, nerves, brain
• CPC Class Codes: C07K 16/32 against translation products of oncogenes
• CPC Class Codes: C07K 2317/14 Specific host cells or culture conditions, e.g. components, pH or temperature
• CPC Class Codes: C07K 2317/21 from primates, e.g. man
• CPC Class Codes: C07K 2317/31 multispecific
• CPC Class Codes: C07K 2317/33 Crossreactivity, e.g. for species or epitope, or lack of said crossreactivity
• CPC Class Codes: C07K 2317/51 Complete heavy chain or Fd fragment, i.e. VH + CH1
• CPC Class Codes: C07K 2317/515 Complete light chain, i.e. VL + CL
• CPC Class Codes: C07K 2317/526 CH3 domain
• CPC Class Codes: C07K 2317/54 F(ab')2
• CPC Class Codes: C07K 2317/55 Fab or Fab'
• CPC Class Codes: C07K 2317/64 comprising a combination of variable region and constant region components
• CPC Class Codes: C07K 2317/66 comprising a swap of domains, e.g. CH3-CH2, VH-CL or VL-CH1
• CPC Class Codes: C07K 2317/732 Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity [ADCC]
• CPC Class Codes: C07K 2317/92 Affinity (KD), association rate (Ka), dissociation rate (Kd) or EC50 value
• CPC Class Codes: C07K 2317/94 Stability, e.g. half-life, pH, temperature or enzyme-resistance

Abstract

The present invention generally relates to novel bispecific antigen binding molecules for T cell activation and re-direction to specific target cells. In addition, the present invention relates to polynucleotides encoding such bispecific antigen binding molecules, and vectors and host cells comprising such polynucleotides. The invention further relates to methods for producing the bispecific antigen binding molecules of the invention, and to methods of using these bispecific antigen binding molecules in the treatment of disease.

Claims

1. A T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule comprising

(a) a first Fab molecule which specifically binds to a first antigen

(b) a second Fab molecule which specifically binds to a second antigen, and wherein the variable domains VL and VH of the Fab light chain and the Fab heavy chain are replaced by each other,

wherein the first antigen is an activating T cell antigen and the second antigen is a target cell antigen, or the first antigen is a target cell antigen and the second antigen is an activating T cell antigen;

and

wherein

i) in the constant domain CL of the first Fab molecule under a) the amino acid at position 124 is substituted independently by lysine (K), arginine (R) or histidine (H) (numbering according to Kabat), and wherein in the constant domain CH1 of the first Fab molecule under a) the amino acid at position 147 or the amino acid at position 213 is substituted independently by glutamic acid (E), or aspartic acid (D) (numbering according to Kabat EU index);

or

ii) in the constant domain CL of the second Fab molecule under b) the amino acid at position 124 is substituted independently by lysine (K), arginine (R) or histidine (H) (numbering according to Kabat), and wherein in the constant domain CH1 of the second Fab molecule under b) the amino acid at position 147 or the amino acid at position 213 is substituted independently by glutamic acid (E), or aspartic acid (D) (numbering according to Kabat EU index).

2. The T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule of claim 1, wherein the first antigen is a target cell antigen and the second antigen is an activating T cell antigen.

3. The T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule of claim 1, wherein the activating T cell antigen is CD3, particularly CD3 epsilon.

4. The T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule according to claim 1, wherein in the constant domain CL of the first Fab molecule under a) the amino acid at position 124 is substituted independently by lysine (K), arginine (R) or histidine (H) (numbering according to Kabat), and wherein in the constant domain CH1 of the first Fab molecule under a) the amino acid at position 147 or the amino acid at position 213 is substituted independently by glutamic acid (E), or aspartic acid (D) (numbering according to Kabat EU index).

5. The T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule according to claim 1, wherein in the constant domain CL of the first Fab molecule under a) the amino acid at position 124 is substituted independently by lysine (K), arginine (R) or histidine (H) (numbering according to Kabat), and wherein in the constant domain CH1 of the first Fab molecule under a) the amino acid at position 147 is substituted independently by glutamic acid (E), or aspartic acid (D) (numbering according to Kabat EU index).

6. The T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule according to claim 1, wherein in the constant domain CL of the first Fab molecule under a) the amino acid at position 124 is substituted independently by lysine (K), arginine (R) or histidine (H) (numbering according to Kabat) and the amino acid at position 123 is substituted independently by lysine (K), arginine (R) or histidine (H) (numbering according to Kabat), and wherein in the constant domain CH1 of the first Fab molecule under a) the amino acid at position 147 is substituted independently by glutamic acid (E), or aspartic acid (D) (numbering according to Kabat EU index) and the amino acid at position 213 is substituted independently by glutamic acid (E), or aspartic acid (D) (numbering according to Kabat EU index).

7. The T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule according to claim 6, wherein in the constant domain CL of the first Fab molecule under a) the amino acid at position 124 is substituted by lysine (K) (numbering according to Kabat) and the amino acid at position 123 is substituted by arginine (R) (numbering according to Kabat), and wherein in the constant domain CH1 of the first Fab molecule under a) the amino acid at position 147 is substituted by glutamic acid (E) (numbering according to Kabat EU index) and the amino acid at position 213 is substituted by glutamic acid (E) (numbering according to Kabat EU index).

8. The T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule according to claim 6, wherein in the constant domain CL of the first Fab molecule under a) the amino acid at position 124 is substituted by lysine (K) (numbering according to Kabat) and the amino acid at position 123 is substituted by lysine (K) (numbering according to Kabat), and wherein in the constant domain CH1 of the first Fab molecule under a) the amino acid at position 147 is substituted by glutamic acid (E) (numbering according to Kabat EU index) and the amino acid at position 213 is substituted by glutamic acid (E) (numbering according to Kabat EU index).

14. The T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule according to claim 1, further comprising

c) a third Fab molecule which specifically binds to the first antigen.

15. The T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule according to claim 14, wherein the third Fab molecule is identical to the first Fab molecule.

16. The T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule according to claim 14, wherein the first and the third Fab molecule specifically bind to a target cell antigen, and the second Fab molecule specifically binds to an activating T cell antigen, particularly CD3, more particularly CD3 epsilon.

17. The T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule according to claim 1, additionally comprising

d) an Fc domain composed of a first and a second subunit capable of stable association.

18. The T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule according to claim 1, wherein the first and the second Fab molecule are fused to each other, optionally via a peptide linker.

19. The T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule according to claim 1, wherein (i) the second Fab molecule is fused at the C-terminus of the Fab heavy chain to the N-terminus of the Fab heavy chain of the first Fab molecule;

or (ii) the first Fab molecule is fused at the C-terminus of the Fab heavy chain to the N-terminus of the Fab heavy chain of the second Fab molecule.

20. The T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule of claim 19, wherein the Fab light chain of the first Fab molecule and the Fab light chain of the second Fab molecule are fused to each other, optionally via a peptide linker.

21. The T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule according to claim 17, wherein (i) the second Fab molecule is fused at the C-terminus of the Fab heavy chain to the N-terminus of the first or the second subunit of the Fc domain;

(ii) the first Fab molecule is fused at the C-terminus of the Fab heavy chain to the N-terminus of the first or the second subunit of the Fc domain;

(iii) the first and the second Fab molecule are each fused at the C-terminus of the Fab heavy chain to the N-terminus of one of the subunits of the Fc domain; and

/or (iv) the third Fab molecule is fused at the C-terminus of the Fab heavy chain to the N-terminus of the first or second subunit of the Fc domain.

22. The T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule of claim 17, wherein the second and the third Fab molecule are each fused at the C-terminus of the Fab heavy chain to the N-terminus of one of the subunits of the Fc domain, and the first Fab molecule is fused at the C-terminus of the Fab heavy chain to the N-terminus of the Fab heavy chain of the second Fab molecule.

23. The T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule according to claim 17, wherein the first and the third Fab molecule are each fused at the C-terminus of the Fab heavy chain to the N-terminus of one of the subunits of the Fc domain, and the second Fab molecule is fused at the C-terminus of the Fab heavy chain to the N-terminus of the Fab heavy chain of the first Fab molecule.

24. The T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule according to claim 23, wherein the first and the third Fab molecule and the Fc domain are part of an immunoglobulin molecule, particularly an IgG class immunoglobulin.

27. The T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule according to claim 1, wherein the activating T cell antigen is CD3, particularly CD3 epsilon, and the Fab molecule which specifically binds to the activating T cell antigen comprises the heavy chain complementarity determining region (CDR) 1 of SEQ ID NO:

4, the heavy chain CDR 2 of SEQ ID NO;

5, the heavy chain CDR 3 of SEQ ID NO;

6, the light chain CDR 1 of SEQ ID NO;

8, the light chain CDR 2 of SEQ ID NO;

9 and the light chain CDR 3 of SEQ ID NO;

10.

28. The T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule according to claim 1, wherein the activating T cell antigen is CD3, particularly CD3 epsilon, and the Fab molecule which specifically binds to the activating T cell antigen comprises a heavy chain variable region comprising an amino acid sequence that is at least about 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or 100% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:

3 and a light chain variable region comprising an amino acid sequence that is at least about 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or 100% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO;

7.

29. The T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule according to claim 1, wherein the target cell antigen is CD20 and the Fab molecule which specifically binds to the target cell antigen comprises the heavy chain complementarity determining region (CDR) 1 of SEQ ID NO:

46, the heavy chain CDR 2 of SEQ ID NO;

47, the heavy chain CDR 3 of SEQ ID NO;

48, the light chain CDR 1 of SEQ ID NO;

49, the light chain CDR 2 of SEQ ID NO;

50 and the light chain CDR 3 of SEQ ID NO;

51.

30. The T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule according to claim 1, wherein the target cell antigen is CD20 and the Fab molecule which specifically binds to the target cell antigen comprises a heavy chain variable region comprising an amino acid sequence that is at least about 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or 100% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:

30 and a light chain variable region comprising an amino acid sequence that is at least about 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or 100% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO;

31.

34. The T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule according to claim 17 or 31, wherein the Fc domain is an IgG, specifically an IgG₁ or IgG₄, Fc domain.

35. The T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule according to claim 17 or 31, wherein the Fc domain is a human Fc domain.

36. The T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule according to claim 17 or 31, wherein the Fc domain comprises a modification promoting the association of the first and the second subunit of the Fc domain.

37. The T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule of claim 34, wherein in the CH3 domain of the first subunit of the Fc domain an amino acid residue is replaced with an amino acid residue having a larger side chain volume, thereby generating a protuberance within the CH3 domain of the first subunit which is positionable in a cavity within the CH3 domain of the second subunit, and in the CH3 domain of the second subunit of the Fc domain an amino acid residue is replaced with an amino acid residue having a smaller side chain volume, thereby generating a cavity within the CH3 domain of the second subunit within which the protuberance within the CH3 domain of the first subunit is positionable.

38. The T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule of claim 37, wherein said amino acid residue having a larger side chain volume is selected from the group consisting of arginine (R), phenylalanine (F), tyrosine (Y), and tryptophan (W), and said amino acid residue having a smaller side chain volume is selected from the group consisting of alanine (A), serine (S), threonine (T), and valine (V).

39. The T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule of claim 37, wherein in the CH3 domain of the first subunit of the Fc domain the threonine residue at position 366 is replaced with a tryptophan residue (T366W), and in the CH3 domain of the second subunit of the Fc domain the tyrosine residue at position 407 is replaced with a valine residue (Y407V), and optionally in the second subunit of the Fc domain additionally the threonine residue at position 366 is replaced with a serine residue (T366S) and the leucine residue at position 368 is replaced with an alanine residue (L368A) (numberings according to Kabat EU index).

40. The T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule of claim 37, wherein in the first subunit of the Fc domain additionally the serine residue at position 354 is replaced with a cysteine residue (S354C) or the glutamic acid residue at position 356 is replaced with a cysteine residue (E356C), and in the second subunit of the Fc domain additionally the tyrosine residue at position 349 is replaced by a cysteine residue (Y349C) (numberings according to Kabat EU index).

41. The T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule of claim 37, wherein the first subunit of the Fc domain comprises amino acid substitutions S354C and T366W, and the second subunit of the Fc domain comprises amino acid substitutions Y349C, T366S, L368A and Y407V (numbering according to Kabat EU index).

42. The T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule according to claim 17 or 31, wherein the Fc domain exhibits reduced binding affinity to an Fc receptor and/or reduced effector function, as compared to a native IgG₁ Fc domain.

43. The T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule according to claim 17 or 31, wherein the Fc domain comprises one or more amino acid substitution that reduces binding to an Fc receptor and/or effector function.

44. The T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule according to claim 43, wherein said one or more amino acid substitution is at one or more position selected from the group of L234, L235, and P329 (Kabat EU index numbering).

45. The T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule according to claim 17 or 31, wherein each subunit of the Fc domain comprises three amino acid substitutions that reduce binding to an activating Fc receptor and/or effector function wherein said amino acid substitutions are L234A, L235A and P329G (Kabat EU index numbering).

46. The T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule of claim 42, wherein the Fc receptor is an Fcγ

receptor.

47. The T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule of claim 42, wherein the effector function is antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC).

48. One or more isolated polynucleotide encoding the T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule of claim 1, or 31.

49. A host cell comprising the polynucleotide(s) of claim 48.

50. A method of producing a T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule capable of specific binding to CD3 and a target cell antigen, comprising the steps of a) culturing the host cell of claim 49 under conditions suitable for the expression of the T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule and b) recovering the T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule.

51. A T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule produced by the method of claim 50.

52. A pharmaceutical composition comprising the T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule of claim 1, or 31 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

53. A method of treating a disease in an individual, comprising administering to said individual a therapeutically effective amount of a composition comprising the T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule of claim 1, or 31 in a pharmaceutically acceptable form.

54. The method of claim 53, wherein said disease is cancer.

55. A method for inducing lysis of a target cell, comprising contacting a target cell with the T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule of claim 1, or 31 in the presence of a T cell.

9-13. -13. (canceled)

25. A T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule comprising

a) a first Fab molecule which specifically binds to a first antigen;

b) a second Fab molecule which specifically binds to a second antigen, and wherein the variable domains VL and VH of the Fab light chain and the Fab heavy chain are replaced by each other;

c) a third Fab molecule which specifically binds to the first antigen; and

d) an Fc domain composed of a first and a second subunit capable of stable association;

wherein the first antigen is a target cell antigen and the second antigen is an activating T cell antigen, particularly CD3, more particularly CD3 epsilon;

wherein the third Fab molecule under c) is identical to the first Fab molecule under a);

wherein in the constant domain CL of the first Fab molecule under a) and the third Fab molecule under c) the amino acid at position 124 is substituted by lysine (K) (numbering according to Kabat) and the amino acid at position 123 is substituted by arginine (R) or lysine (K) (numbering according to Kabat), and wherein in the constant domain CH1 of the first Fab molecule under a) and the third Fab molecule under c) the amino acid at position 147 is substituted by glutamic acid (E) (numbering according to Kabat EU index) and the amino acid at position 213 is substituted by glutamic acid (E) (numbering according to Kabat EU index); and

wherein

(i) the first Fab molecule under a) is fused at the C-terminus of the Fab heavy chain to the N-terminus of the Fab heavy chain of the second Fab molecule under b), and the second Fab molecule under b) and the third Fab molecule under c) are each fused at the C-terminus of the Fab heavy chain to the N-terminus of one of the subunits of the Fc domain under d), or

(ii) the second Fab molecule under b) is fused at the C-terminus of the Fab heavy chain to the N-terminus of the Fab heavy chain of the first Fab molecule under a), and the first Fab molecule under a) and the third Fab molecule under c) are each fused at the C-terminus of the Fab heavy chain to the N-terminus of one of the subunits of the Fc domain under d).

26. A T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule comprising

a) a first Fab molecule which specifically binds to a first antigen;

b) a second Fab molecule which specifically binds to a second antigen, and wherein the variable domains VL and VH of the Fab light chain and the Fab heavy chain are replaced by each other; and

c) an Fc domain composed of a first and a second subunit capable of stable association;

wherein

(i) the first antigen is a target cell antigen and the second antigen is an activating T cell antigen, particularly CD3, more particularly CD3 epsilon;

or

(ii) the second antigen is a target cell antigen and the first antigen is an activating T cell antigen, particularly CD3, more particularly CD3 epsilon;

wherein in the constant domain CL of the first Fab molecule under a) the amino acid at position 124 is substituted by lysine (K) (numbering according to Kabat) and the amino acid at position 123 is substituted by arginine (R) or lysine (K) (numbering according to Kabat), and wherein in the constant domain CH1 of the first Fab molecule under a) the amino acid at position 147 is substituted by glutamic acid (E) (numbering according to Kabat EU index) and the amino acid at position 213 is substituted by glutamic acid (E) (numbering according to Kabat EU index); and

wherein the first Fab molecule under a) and the second Fab molecule under b) are each fused at the C-terminus of the Fab heavy chain to the N-terminus of one of the subunits of the Fc domain under c).

31. A T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule comprising

a) a first Fab molecule which specifically binds to a first antigen;

b) a second Fab molecule which specifically binds to a second antigen, and wherein the variable domains VL and VH of the Fab light chain and the Fab heavy chain are replaced by each other;

c) a third Fab molecule which specifically binds to the first antigen; and

d) an Fc domain composed of a first and a second subunit capable of stable association;

wherein

(i) the first antigen is CD20 and the second antigen is CD3, particularly CD3 epsilon;

(ii) the first Fab molecule under a) and the third Fab molecule under c) each comprise the heavy chain complementarity determining region (CDR) 1 of SEQ ID NO;

46, the heavy chain CDR 2 of SEQ ID NO;

47, the heavy chain CDR 3 of SEQ ID NO;

48, the light chain CDR 1 of SEQ ID NO;

49, the light chain CDR 2 of SEQ ID NO;

50 and the light chain CDR 3 of SEQ ID NO;

51, and the second Fab molecule under b) comprises the heavy chain CDR 1 of SEQ ID NO;

4, the heavy chain CDR 2 of SEQ ID NO;

5, the heavy chain CDR 3 of SEQ ID NO;

6, the light chain CDR 1 of SEQ ID NO;

8, the light chain CDR 2 of SEQ ID NO;

9 and the light chain CDR 3 of SEQ ID NO;

10;

(iii) in the constant domain CL of the first Fab molecule under a) and the third Fab molecule under c) the amino acid at position 124 is substituted by lysine (K) (numbering according to Kabat) and the amino acid at position 123 is substituted by lysine (K) or arginine (R), particularly by arginine (R) (numbering according to Kabat), and wherein in the constant domain CH1 of the first Fab molecule under a) and the third Fab molecule under c) the amino acid at position 147 is substituted by glutamic acid (E) (numbering according to Kabat EU index) and the amino acid at position 213 is substituted by glutamic acid (E) (numbering according to Kabat EU index); and

(iv) the first Fab molecule under a) is fused at the C-terminus of the Fab heavy chain to the N-terminus of the Fab heavy chain of the second Fab molecule under b), and the second Fab molecule under b) and the third Fab molecule under c) are each fused at the C-terminus of the Fab heavy chain to the N-terminus of one of the subunits of the Fc domain under d).

32. The T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule of claim 31, wherein the first Fab molecule under a) and the third Fab molecule under c) each comprise a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:

30 and a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO;

31.

33. The T cell activating bispecific antigen binding molecule of claim 31, wherein the second Fab molecule under b) comprises a heavy chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:

3 and a light chain variable region comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO;

7.