VOLTAGE REGULATION SYSTEM FOR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT

• US 20160077533A1
• Filed: 09/16/2014
• Published: 03/17/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 09/16/2014
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: NXP USA, Inc. (NXP Semiconductors NV)
• Original Assignee: Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. (NXP Semiconductors NV)
• Inventors: Thakur, Nishant Singh
• Granted Patent: US 9,436,191 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G05F 1/10 Regulating voltage or current G05F1/02 takes precedence; for electric railways B60M3/02

Abstract

An integrated circuit (IC) includes a power grid having first, second, third, and fourth nodes for receiving first supply, first ground, second supply, and second ground voltage signals, respectively. A feedback circuit is connected to the second and fourth nodes for receiving the second supply and second ground voltage signals and generating a feedback voltage signal based on a difference between the second supply and second ground voltage signals. A resistor-ladder network receives the feedback signal and generates a sense voltage signal. A voltage regulator compares the sense voltage signal with a reference voltage signal and regulates the first supply voltage signal at a first voltage level.

Claims

1. A voltage regulation system, comprising:

a power grid having a plurality of supply and ground voltage lines, wherein a first supply voltage line of the plurality of supply voltage lines includes first and second nodes and a first set of circuit components connected therebetween, and a first ground voltage line of the plurality of ground voltage lines includes third and fourth nodes and a second set of circuit components connected therebetween, and wherein the first and third nodes receive first supply voltage and ground voltage signals, respectively, and the second and fourth nodes receive second supply voltage and ground voltage signals, respectively;

a feedback circuit, connected to the fourth node for receiving the second ground voltage signal and generating a feedback voltage signal;

a resistor-ladder circuit, connected between the second node and ground, having a voltage tap connected to the feedback circuit for receiving the feedback voltage signal and generating a sense voltage signal; and

a voltage regulator that receives an external third supply voltage signal, wherein the voltage regulator is connected to the voltage tap for receiving the sense voltage signal, and to the first node for providing the first supply voltage signal thereto, and wherein the voltage regulator regulates the first supply voltage signal to a first voltage level.

2. The voltage regulation system of claim 1, wherein the feedback circuit comprises:

a bias-voltage generator for generating a bias-voltage signal; and

a first amplifier having an inverting input terminal connected to the fourth node by way of a first resistor for receiving the second ground voltage signal, a non-inverting input terminal connected to the bias-voltage generator for receiving the bias-voltage signal, and an output terminal connected to the inverting input terminal thereof by way of a second resistor and the voltage tap by way of a third resistor for providing the feedback voltage signal thereto.

3. The voltage regulation system of claim 2, wherein a voltage level of the second supply voltage signal is equal to a difference between a voltage level of the first supply voltage signal and a voltage drop across the first set of circuit components, and a voltage level of the second ground voltage signal is equal to a sum of a voltage level of the first ground voltage signal and a voltage rise across the second set of circuit components.

4. The voltage regulation system of claim 3, wherein the feedback voltage signal is a function of voltage levels of the bias-voltage signal and the second ground voltage signal.

5. The voltage regulation system of claim 4, wherein the sense voltage signal is a function of a voltage level of the feedback voltage signal and a voltage level of the second supply voltage signal.

6. The voltage regulation system of claim 5, wherein the voltage regulator scales a voltage level of the sense voltage signal to the first voltage level by multiplying the sense voltage signal by a predefined scaling factor.

7. The voltage regulation system of claim 6, wherein the voltage regulator further includes:

a second amplifier having an inverting input terminal connected to the voltage tap of the resistor-ladder circuit for receiving the sense voltage signal, a non-inverting input terminal for receiving the reference voltage signal, and an output terminal for outputting an error voltage signal; and

a bipolar junction transistor (BJT) having a collector terminal for receiving the external third supply voltage signal, a base terminal connected to the output terminal of the second amplifier for receiving the error voltage signal, and an emitter terminal connected to the first node for providing the first supply voltage signal thereto and to ground by way of a capacitor and a resistor.

8. The voltage regulation system of claim 7, wherein the capacitor stores a charge equivalent to the voltage level of the first supply voltage signal.

9. A voltage regulation system, comprising:

a power grid having a plurality of supply and ground voltage lines, wherein a first supply voltage line of the plurality of supply voltage lines includes first and second nodes and a first set of circuit components connected therebetween, and a first ground voltage line of the plurality of ground voltage lines includes third and fourth nodes and a second set of circuit components connected therebetween, and wherein the first and third nodes receive first supply and ground voltage signals, respectively, and the second and fourth nodes receive second supply and ground voltage signals, respectively;

a feedback circuit for generating a feedback voltage signal, comprising;

a bias-voltage generator for generating a bias-voltage signal; and

a first amplifier having an inverting input terminal connected to the fourth node by way of a first resistor for receiving the second ground voltage signal, a non-inverting input terminal connected to the bias-voltage generator for receiving the bias-voltage signal, and an output terminal connected to the inverting input terminal thereof by way of a second resistor for generating the feedback voltage signal;

a resistor-ladder circuit, connected between the second node and ground, having a voltage tap connected to the output terminal of the first amplifier by way of a third resistor for receiving the feedback voltage signal, wherein the resistor-ladder circuit generates a sense voltage signal; and

a voltage regulator that receives an external third supply voltage signal, wherein the voltage regulator is connected to the voltage tap for receiving the sense voltage signal, and the first node for providing the first supply voltage signal thereto, and wherein the voltage regulator regulates the first supply voltage signal at a first voltage level.

10. The voltage regulation system of claim 9, wherein a voltage level of the second supply voltage signal is equal to a difference between a voltage level of the first supply voltage signal and a voltage drop across the first set of circuit components and a voltage level of the second ground voltage signal is equal to a sum of a voltage level of the first ground voltage signal and a voltage rise across the second set of circuit components.

11. The voltage regulation system of claim 10, wherein the feedback voltage signal is a function of voltage levels of the bias-voltage signal and the second ground voltage signal.

12. The voltage regulation system of claim 11, wherein the sense voltage signal is a function of a voltage level of the feedback voltage signal and a voltage signal of the second supply voltage signal.

13. The voltage regulation system of claim 12, wherein the voltage regulator scales a voltage level of the sense voltage signal to the first voltage level by multiplying the sense voltage signal by a predefined scaling factor.

14. The voltage regulation system of claim 13, wherein the voltage regulator further includes:

a second amplifier having an inverting input terminal connected to the voltage tap of the resistor-ladder circuit for receiving the sense voltage signal, a non-inverting input terminal connected to the bias-voltage generator for receiving a reference voltage signal, and an output terminal for outputting an error voltage signal; and

a bipolar junction transistor (BJT) having a collector terminal for receiving the external third supply voltage signal, a base terminal connected to the output terminal of the second regulator for receiving the error voltage signal, and an emitter terminal connected to the first node for providing the first supply voltage signal thereto and to ground by way of a capacitor and a resistor.

15. The voltage regulation system of claim 14, wherein the capacitor stores a charge equivalent to the voltage level of the first supply voltage signal.

16. A voltage regulation system, comprising:

a power grid having a plurality of supply and ground voltage lines, wherein a first supply voltage line of the plurality of supply voltage lines includes first and second nodes and a first set of circuit components connected therebetween, and a first ground voltage line of the plurality of ground voltage lines includes third and fourth nodes and a second set of circuit components connected therebetween, and wherein the first and third nodes receive a first supply voltage signal and a first ground voltage signal, respectively, and the second and fourth nodes receive a second supply voltage signal and a second ground voltage signal, respectively;

a feedback circuit, connected to the second and fourth nodes for receiving the second supply and second ground voltage signals, respectively, and generating a feedback voltage signal;

a resistor-ladder circuit, connected between the feedback circuit and ground for receiving the feedback voltage signal, having a voltage tap for generating a sense voltage signal; and

a voltage regulator that receives an external third supply voltage signal, wherein the voltage regulator is connected to the voltage tap for receiving the sense voltage signal, and the first node for providing the first supply voltage signal thereto, and wherein the voltage regulator regulates the first supply voltage signal at a first voltage level.

17. The voltage regulation system of claim 16, wherein a voltage level of the second supply voltage signal is equal to a difference between a voltage level of the first supply voltage signal and a voltage drop across the first set of circuit components and a voltage level of the second ground voltage signal is equal to a sum of a voltage level of the first ground voltage signal and a voltage rise across the second set of circuit components.

18. The voltage regulation system of claim 16, wherein the voltage regulator further comprises:

an amplifier having an inverting input terminal connected to the voltage tap of the resistor-ladder circuit for receiving the sense voltage signal, a non-inverting input terminal for receiving a reference voltage signal, and an output terminal for outputting an error voltage signal; and

a bipolar junction transistor (BJT) having a collector terminal for receiving the external third supply voltage signal, a base terminal connected to the output terminal of the amplifier for receiving the error voltage signal, and an emitter terminal connected to the first node for providing the first supply voltage signal thereto and to ground by way of a capacitor and a resistor.