HYBRID ENERGY SOURCED BATTERY OR SUPER-CAPACITOR FED DRIVE TOPOLOGIES

• US 20160083220A1
• Filed: 05/08/2013
• Published: 03/24/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 05/08/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Otis Elevator Company (Otis Worldwide Corp.)
• Original Assignee: Otis Elevator Company (Otis Worldwide Corp.)
• Inventors: Agirman, Ismail, Mezzadri, Carlo
• Granted Patent: US 10,343,872 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: B66B 1/302 for energy saving
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0525 Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/06 Lead-acid accumulators semi-lead accumulators H01M10/20
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/30 Nickel accumulators H01M10/34 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/441 for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 16/00 Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2220/00 Batteries for particular applications
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 5/00 Circuit arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks and dc networks H02J3/36 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0068 Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply H02J7/0013 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/02 for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/1423 with multiple batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/345 using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/35 with light sensitive cells
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 2207/05 Synchronous machines, e.g. with permanent magnets or DC excitation
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 3/12 by short-circuit or resistive braking
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 3/14 by regenerative braking
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 50/00 Energy efficient technologies in elevators, escalators and moving walkways, e.g. energy saving or recuperation technologies
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

Embodiments are directed to charging a lead acid battery, providing by the battery a majority of energy required by a load and providing a remainder of the energy required by the load via an energy storage device, and capturing by the battery a portion of energy regenerated by the load and capturing by the energy storage device a remainder of the energy regenerated by the load.

Claims

1. A system for powering a motor of an elevator, comprising:

a first lead acid battery; and

a second lead acid battery coupled to the first battery,

wherein the first and second batteries are center grounded.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein each of the first and second batteries are configured to provide a voltage that is less than forty-eight volts.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein the first battery is coupled to a dynamic braking resistor and a dynamic braking transistor.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the first battery is coupled to a first charger configured to charge the first battery, and wherein the second battery is coupled to a second charger configured to charge the second battery.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the first battery and the second battery are coupled to a charger configured to charge the first battery and the second battery.

6. A system for an elevator, comprising:

at least one lead acid battery; and

an energy exchanger coupled to the at least one battery and configured to let a DC bus float between a first voltage and a second voltage.

7. The system of claim 6, wherein the at least one lead acid battery comprises a first lead acid battery coupled to a second lead acid battery, and wherein the first and second batteries are center grounded.

8. The system of claim 6, further comprising:

an energy storage device coupled to the energy exchanger,

wherein the energy storage device is configured to recapture energy that is not recaptured by the at least one battery during a run of the elevator, and

wherein the energy storage device is configured to provide energy to the elevator when demand for energy by the elevator exceeds a threshold.

9. The system of claim 8, wherein the energy storage device comprises at least one of:

a lithium-ion battery, a nickel-metal hydride battery, and an ultra-capacitor.

10. The system of claim 6, further comprising:

an ultra-capacitor coupled to the energy exchanger,

wherein the ultra-capacitor is configured to supply and recapture substantially all the power and energy required by a drive-motor load, and wherein a minimal fraction of necessary power is supplied and recaptured by the at least one battery.

11. The system of claim 10, further comprising:

a charger coupled to the at least one battery,

wherein the charger is configured to charge the at least one battery.

12. The system of claim 10, further comprising:

a rectifier circuit coupled to the ultra-capacitor,

wherein the rectifier circuit, in combination with the energy exchanger, is configured to charge the at least one battery.

13. The system of claim 12, further comprising:

at least one of a photovoltaic panel and a wind generator coupled to the energy exchanger,

wherein the energy exchanger is configured to function as a maximum power point tracking regulator.

14. The system of claim 13, further comprising:

a power diode coupled to the at least one battery,

wherein the power diode is configured to provide energy directly from the at least one battery when a voltage across the ultra-capacitor is less than a voltage provided by the at least one battery.

15. The system of claim 6, further comprising:

a second energy exchanger coupled to the energy exchanger,

wherein the energy exchanger and the second energy exchanger are arranged in a cascade architecture, and

wherein at least one of the at least one battery and an ultra-capacitor resides in between the energy exchanger and the second energy exchanger in the cascade architecture.

16. The system of claim 6, wherein the energy exchanger comprises a plurality of inputs, and wherein a first of the plurality of inputs is coupled to the at least one battery, and wherein a second of the plurality of inputs is coupled to an ultra-capacitor.

17. A method comprising:

charging a lead acid battery;

providing by the battery a majority of energy required by a load and providing a remainder of the energy required by the load via an energy storage device; and

capturing by the battery a portion of energy regenerated by the load and capturing by the energy storage device a remainder of the energy regenerated by the load.

18. The method of claim 17, further comprising:

causing the energy storage device to discharge when the energy storage device charges above a threshold.

19. The method of claim 17, further comprising:

causing the energy storage device to charge from the battery when the energy storage device discharges beyond a threshold.

20. The method of claim 17, wherein the load comprises a motor of an elevator.

21. A method comprising:

supplying a charger using a main external grid;

charging a battery from the charger;

supplying ultra-capacitors from the battery during a running and idle time associated with an elevator;

regenerating energy from the ultra-capacitors to the battery during the running and idle time;

during the running, supplying a substantial amount of power required by a drive-motor load from the ultra-capacitors and supplying a remainder of the power required by the load from the battery; and

during the running, storing a substantial amount of power regenerated by the load in the ultra-capacitors and storing a remainder of the power regenerated by the load in the battery.

22. A method comprising:

supplying a rectifier circuit using a main external grid;

supplying ultra-capacitors from the rectifier circuit;

during a running and idle time associated with an elevator, adjusting a state of charge of the ultra-capacitors between thresholds using a battery;

during the running and idle time, the battery regenerates energy from the ultra-capacitors adjusting a state of charge of the ultra-capacitors between the thresholds;

during the running, supplying a substantial amount of power required by a drive-motor load from the ultra-capacitors and rectifier circuit and supplying a remainder of the power required by the load from the battery; and

during the running, storing a substantial amount of power regenerated by the load in the ultra-capacitors and storing a remainder of the power regenerated by the load in the battery.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein an energy exchanger circuit couples the battery and the ultra-capacitors, and wherein a DC energy source supplies the energy exchanger circuit, and wherein the energy exchanger circuit functions as a charge regulator maximum power point tracker (MPPT) to adjust a voltage to retrieve maximum power from the energy exchanger circuit.