METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SENDING AND RECEIVING DATA IN A MACHINE TO MACHINE WIRELESS NETWORK

• US 20160112824A1
• Filed: 05/31/2013
• Published: 04/21/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 05/31/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Fundacio Per A La Universitat Oberta De Catalunya
• Original Assignee: Fundacio Per A La Universitat Oberta De Catalunya
• Inventors: Tuset Peir, Pere, Guillen, Xavier Vilajosana
• Granted Patent: US 10,142,765 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/70 Services for machine-to-machine communication [M2M] or machine type communication [MTC]
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 56/001 Synchronization between nodes
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 72/0446 Resources in time domain, e.g. slots or frames
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 74/08 Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA hybrid access H04W74/02
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 74/085 collision avoidance
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 84/18 Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 88/16 Gateway arrangements

Abstract

Method and apparatus for sending and receiving data in a wireless machine to machine communication network comprising at least a gateway (2) and a plurality of nodes (4), implementing an hybrid Medium Access Control protocol to access the shared medium. In order to prevent collisions when sending data transmissions (26), nodes (4) request access to the medium with access request packets (25), and are informed by the gateway (2) if said access request packets (25) are received correctly or if a collision occurred. According to the feedback information (24) provided by the gateway (2), nodes (4) are organized in a distributed queuing system with separate queues collision resolutions and data transmissions (26). Time slots (19) with fixed length are used, divided into three separate subperiods for feedback information (24), access request packets (25) and data transmissions (26). The method and apparatus further implements channel hopping to reduce interferences from adjacent networks.

Claims

1. A method for sending and receiving data in a wireless machine to machine network, the wireless machine to machine network comprising at least one gateway (2) and a plurality of nodes (4) sharing at least a common transmission frequency, the communications between the at least one gateway (2) and the plurality of nodes (4) is organized in frames (18), repeated along time, each frame comprising a plurality of time slots (19) of a fixed length, the time slots (19) including uplink time slots (19) and downlink time slots (19), characterized in that within each frame (18), each time slot (19) is transmitted over a different frequency and in that the method comprises:

sending feedback information (23) from the gateway (2) to the nodes (4), during a first subperiod (20) of the uplink time slots (19), indicating if collisions occurred during the preceding time slot;

sending data transmission requests (25) from the nodes (4) to the gateway (2) during a second subperiod (21) of the uplink time slots (19);

sending data transmissions (26) from the nodes (4) to the gateway (2) during a third subperiod (22) of the uplink time slots (19);

determining at the gateway (2) if a collision occurs during the second subperiod (21), the collision occurring when multiple data transmission requests (25) simultaneously to the gateway by different nodes;

if the data transmission requests (25) are received at the gateway (2) without collisions, positioning the nodes (4) sending the data transmission requests (25) in a first queue, the first queue defining the position in which a queued node is allowed to send a data transmission (26);

if the data transmission requests (25) result in collisions, positioning the nodes (4) sending data transmission requests (25) in a second queue, the second queue defining the position in which a queued node is allowed to send a data transmission request (25);

the method further comprising, the gateway transmitting, preceding each frame, a control signal (17) including information about which time slots of the frame are reserved for downlink data transmissions, and which time slots are reserved for uplink data transmissions, including also synchronization information used by the plurality of nodes for synchronizing and including also information about the sequence of frequency over which the time slots of the frame are transmitted.

2. A method according to claim 1, the step of determining if a collision occurs during the second subperiod (21) further comprising an energy detection and a redundancy check validation.

3. A method according to claim 1, wherein the second subperiod (21) is divided into a plurality of time divisions, and wherein the feedback information (23) indicates if collisions occur in each of the time divisions.

4. A method according to claim 1, the feedback information (23) further comprising information regarding if a data transmission (26) is successfully received at the gateway (2) in the preceding time slot (19), and the method further comprising modifying the position of the nodes (4) queued in the first queue according to said feedback information.

5. A method according to claim 4, further comprising scheduling turning off communication means (12) of all nodes during the third subperiod (22) except for the node at the head of the first queue.

6. A method according to claim 1, further comprising scheduling turning off communication means (12) during the second subperiod (21) of all nodes (4) queued in the second queue, except for the node (4) at the head of said second queue.

7. A method according to claim 1 where the control signal also comprises an identifier of the frequency used in the first time slot of a frame and a pseudo-random pattern, and the method further comprises the plurality of nodes (4) using the identifier of the frequency used in the first time slot of a frame and the pseudo-random pattern to calculate the transmission frequency of each time slot of the frame.

8. A method according claim 7 where the pseudo-random pattern determines the frequency offset between each time slot of the frame.

9. A method according to claim 1, wherein the data transmission requests (25) are transmitted using a first modulation, and the data transmissions (26) and feedback information (23) are transmitted using a second modulation, being the first modulation less robust against interferences from other nodes.

10. A method according to claim 1, wherein the feedback information (23) further comprises a confirmation from the gateway (2) regarding a presence or an absence of errors in uplink data transmissions.

11. A method according to claim 1, further comprising individually selecting the transmission frequency of each time slot (19) among a plurality of transmission frequencies.

15. A non-transitory computer program comprising computer program code means adapted to perform the steps of the method according to claim 1 when said program is run on a computer, a digital signal processor, a field-programmable gate array, an application-specific integrated circuit, a micro-processor, a micro-controller, or any other form of programmable hardware.

12. A gateway (2) for a wireless machine to machine communication network, the wireless machine to machine communication network comprising a plurality of nodes (4) sharing at least a common transmission frequency with the gateway (2), the communications between the gateway (2) and the plurality of nodes (4) is organized in frames (18), repeated along time, each frame comprising a plurality of time slots (19) of a fixed length, the time slots (19) comprising uplink time slots (19) and downlink time slots (19), characterized in that within each frame (18) each time slot (19) is transmitted over a different frequency and in that the gateway (2) comprises communication means (12) and computing means (11) configured to:

send feedback information (32) to the nodes (4), during a first subperiod (20) of the uplink time slots (19), the feedback information (32) indicating if a collision occurred during the second subperiod (21) of the preceding time slot (19);

said information determining if the nodes (4) sending data transmission requests (25) are to be queued either in a first queue, which defines the position in which a queued node (4) is allowed to send a data transmission (26) if the node has sent a data transmission request in the second subperiod of the preceding uplink time slot (21) and said data transmission request has been received in the gateway without collision, or in a second queue which defines the position in which a queued node (4) is allowed to send a data transmission request (25) if the node has sent a data transmission request in the second subperiod of the preceding uplink time slot (21) and said data transmission request has resulted in collision;

receive data transmission requests (33) from the nodes (4) to the gateway (4) during the second subperiod (21) of the uplink time slots (19);

receive data transmissions (34) from the nodes (4) during a third subperiod (22) of the uplink time slots (19);

determine if a collision occurs during each mini-slot of the second subperiod (21), the collision occurring when multiple data transmission requests (25) are sent to the gateway simultaneously by different nodes;

transmitting, preceding each frame, a control signal (17) including information about which time slots of the frame are reserved for downlink data transmissions, and which time slots are reserved for uplink data transmissions, including also synchronization information used by the plurality of nodes for synchronizing and including also information about the sequence of frequency over which the time slots of the frame are transmitted.

13. A node (4) for a wireless machine to machine communication network, the wireless machine to machine communication network comprising a plurality of nodes (4) sharing at least a common transmission frequency with a gateway (2), the communications between the gateway (2) and the plurality of nodes (4) is organized in frames (18), repeated along time, each frame comprising a plurality of time slots (19) of a fixed length, the time slots (19) comprising uplink time slots (19) and downlink time slots (19), characterized in that within each frame (18) each time slot (19) is transmitted over a different frequency and in that the node (4) comprises communication means (12) and computing means (11) configured to:

receive feedback information (41) from the gateway (2), during a first subperiod (20) of the uplink time slots (19), the feedback information (23) stating if a collision caused by multiple data transmission requests (25) being sent to the gateway simultaneously by different nodes during the second subperiod of the preceding uplink time slot (21) occurs;

according to the received feedback information (23), determining that the node (4) is to be queued either in a first queue which defines the position in which a queued node (4) is allowed to send a data transmission (26), if the node has sent a data transmission request in the second subperiod of the preceding uplink time slot (21) and said data transmission request has been received in the gateway without collision, or determining that the node (4) is to be queued in a second queue which defines the position in which a queued node (4) is allowed to send a data transmission request (25), if the node has sent a data transmission request in the second subperiod of the preceding uplink time slot (21) and said data transmission request has resulted in collision;

send data transmission requests (42) to the gateway (2) during a second subperiod (21) of the uplink time slots (19), and to send data transmissions (26) to the gateway (2) during a third subperiod (22) of the uplink time slots (19);

receive from the gateway, preceding each frame, a control signal (17) including information about which time slots of the frame are reserved for downlink data transmissions, and which time slots are reserved for uplink data transmissions, including also synchronization information used by the plurality of nodes for synchronizing and including also information about the sequence of frequency over which the time slots of the frame are transmitted.

14. A machine to machine wireless communication network comprising at least one gateway (2) and a plurality of nodes (4) sharing at least a common transmission frequency, the communications between the at least one gateway (2) and the plurality of nodes (4) is organized in frames (18), repeated along time, each frame comprising a plurality of time slots (19) of a fixed length, the time slots (19) comprising uplink time slots (19) and downlink time slots (19), wherein within each frame (18) each time slot (19) is transmitted over a different frequency and in that and wherein the nodes (4) are configured to:

send data transmission requests (25) during a second subperiod (21) of the uplink time slots (19);

send data transmissions (26) during a third subperiod (22) of the uplink time slots (19);

characterized in that;

at least one gateway (2) is configured to determine if a collision occurs during the second subperiod (21), the collision occurring when multiple data transmission requests (25) are sent to the gateway (2) simultaneously by different nodes; and

to send feedback information (23) to the nodes (4), during a first subperiod (20) of the subsequent uplink time slots (19), indicating if collisions occur;

the nodes (4) are further configured to, according to the feedback information (23), determine if the node (4) is to be queued either in a first queue which defines the position in which a queued node (4) is allowed to send a data transmission (26), if the node has sent a data transmission request in the second subperiod of the preceding uplink time slot (21) and said data transmission request has been received in the gateway without collision, or in a second queue which defines the position in which a queued node (4) is allowed to send a data transmission request (25), if the node has sent a data transmission request in the second subperiod of the preceding uplink time slot (21) and said data transmission request has resulted in collision;

the gateway being further configured for, preceding each frame, transmitting a control signal (17) including information about which time slots of the frame are reserved for downlink data transmissions, and which time slots are reserved for uplink data transmissions, including also synchronization information used by the plurality of nodes for synchronizing and including also information about the sequence of frequency over which the time slots of the frame are transmitted.