APPARATUS FOR CHARGING AND DISCHARGING BATTERY

• US 20160118830A1
• Filed: 10/01/2015
• Published: 04/28/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 10/23/2014
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., SungKyunKwan University's Research & Business Foundation (SungKyunKwan University)
• Original Assignee: Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., SungKyunKwan University's Research & Business Foundation (SungKyunKwan University)
• Inventors: Jeon, Jinyong, Yeo, Taejung, Choi, Seong Chon, Lee, Soon Ryung, Choi, Bong Yeon
• Granted Patent: US 10,615,611 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/12 Buck converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/14 Boost converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/22 Balancing the charge of battery modules
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2207/20 Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/48 for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0018 using separate charge circuits
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0025 Sequential battery discharge in systems with a plurality of batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00711 with introduction of pulses during the charging process
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/92 Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles

Abstract

A battery charging and discharging apparatus includes power converters connected in series and configured to convert respective output voltages of batteries corresponding to the power converters. Each of the power converters may include direct current to direct current (DC/DC) converters connected in parallel. The apparatus may further include a controller configured to control magnitudes of respective output voltages of the power converters based on respective states of the batteries.

Claims

1. A battery charging and discharging apparatus comprising:

power converters connected in series and configured to convert respective output voltages of batteries corresponding to the power converters.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein each of the power converters comprises direct current to direct current (DC/DC) converters connected in parallel.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein first terminals of the DC/DC converters of each of the power converters are connected in parallel with each other and are connected to a corresponding one of the batteries;

and

second terminals of the DC/DC converters of each of the power converters are connected in parallel with each other and are connected to an output terminal of a corresponding one of the power converters.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a controller configured to control magnitudes of respective output voltages of the power converters based on respective states of the batteries.

5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the controller is further configured to control the magnitudes of the respective output voltages of the power converters based on either one or both of respective states of charge (SOCs) and respective states of health (SOHs) of the batteries.

6. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the controller is further configured to control the output voltage of one of the power converters to increase in response to a corresponding one of the batteries having a greater SOC among the batteries.

7. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the controller is further configured to control the magnitude of the output voltage of each of the power converters based on an overall SOC and an overall SOH of all of the batteries and an SOC and an SOH of a corresponding one of the batteries.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the controller is further configured to calculate a respective compensation value for each of the power converters based on a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of respective SOCs of the batteries, and control the magnitude of the output voltage of each of the power converters based on the respective compensation value.

9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the controller is further configured to set the respective compensation value for each of the power converters so that a total amount of power output from the power converters to remains constant.

10. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the controller is further configured to set the respective compensation value for each of the power converters so that the greater the SOC of the corresponding one of the batteries, the greater an amount of power output from the power converter.

11. The apparatus of claim 4, further comprising power converter controllers respectively corresponding to the power converters and configured to control, under control of the controller, respective ones of the power converters to control the magnitudes of the respective output voltages of the power converters.

12. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein each of the power converters comprises a first DC/DC converter and a second DC/DC converter;

a first input terminal of the first DC/DC converter and a first input terminal of the second DC/DC converter are connected to a first terminal of a corresponding one of the batteries;

a second input terminal of the first DC/DC converter and a second input terminal of the second DC/DC converter are connected to a second terminal of the corresponding one of the batteries;

a first output terminal of the first DC/DC converter is connected to a first output terminal of the second DC/DC converter; and

a second output terminal of the first DC/DC converter and a second output terminal of the second DC/DC converter are connected to each other and to a first output terminal of a first DC/DC converter and a first output terminal of a second DC/DC converter of a neighboring one of the power converters.

13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein each of the power converters further comprises a power converter controller configured to control a phase difference between a first control signal to control the first DC/DC converter and a second control signal to control the second DC/DC converter to be 180°

.

14. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the power converters are connected to an external component of the battery charging and discharging apparatus;

and

the power converters are further configured to supply power of the batteries to the external component in response to the external component being a load.

15. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the power converters are connected to an external component of the battery charging and discharging apparatus;

and

the power converters are further configured to charge the batteries with power from the external component in response to the external component being a power source.

16. A power supply apparatus comprising:

direct current to direct current (DC/DC) converters connected in parallel and connected to a battery module;

wherein the DC/DC converters are configured to convert a first voltage of the battery module to a second voltage to be controlled by a controller.

17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the DC/DC converters are connected in parallel with each other and are connected in series to DC/DC converters of a neighboring power supply apparatus.

18. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the DC/DC converters are connected to an external component of the power supply apparatus;

and

the DC/DC converters are further configured to supply power of the battery module to the external component in response to the external component being a load.

19. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the DC/DC converters are connected to an external component of the power supply apparatus;

and

the DC/DC converters are further configured to charge the battery module with power from the external component in response to the external component being a power source.

20. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein a magnitude of the second voltage is controlled based on either one or both of states of charge (SOCs) and states of health (SOHs) of battery modules of power supply apparatuses to be controlled by the controller.

21. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein a magnitude of the second voltage is controlled based on an SOC and an SOH of the battery module, and an overall SOC and an overall SOH of all of battery modules of power supply apparatuses to be controlled by the controller.

22. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein the magnitude of the second voltage is further controlled based on a compensation value calculated based on a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of SOCs of the battery modules of the power supply apparatuses.

23. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the compensation value is set so that a total amount of power to be output from the power supply apparatuses remains constant.

24. The apparatus of claim 22, the compensation value is set so that the greater the SOC of the battery module to which the DC/DC converters are connected, the greater an amount of power output from the DC/DC converters.

25. The apparatus of claim 16, further comprising a power converter controller configured to control, under control of the controller, the DC/DC converters to convert the first voltage of the battery module to the second voltage.

26. A power supply apparatus comprising:

power converters connected in series to supply an output voltage to a load; and

a controller configured to control the power converters to convert respective output voltages of batteries corresponding to the power converters to the output voltage so that each of the power converters supplies an amount of power to the load that depends on a state of charge (SOC) of the corresponding battery.

27. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein the controller is further configured to control each of the power converters so that the greater the SOC of the corresponding battery, the greater the amount of power supplied to the load by the power converter.

28. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein the controller is further configured to control each of the power converters so that the amount of power supplied by each of the power converters to the load increases as the SOC of the corresponding battery increases relative to a sum of the SOCs of all of the batteries, and decreases as the SOC of the corresponding battery decreases relative to the sum of the SOCs of all of the batteries.

29. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein the controller is further configured to control the power converters so that a total amount of power supplied to the load by the power converters remains constant.

30. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein the SOC of each of the batteries is an SOC of the battery multiplied by a state of health (SOH) of the battery.

31. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein the controller is further configured to calculate a respective output voltage of each of the power converters based on an SOC of the corresponding battery, a state of health (SOH) of the corresponding battery, an overall SOC of all of the batteries, and an overall SOH of all of the batteries, and control each of the power converters to output the calculated respective output voltage;

and

the output voltage supplied to the load is a sum of the respective output voltages of the power converters.

32. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein the controller is further configured to calculate a respective voltage of each of the power converters based on a difference between a maximum SOC and a minimum SOC among the SOCs of all of the batteries, and control each of the power converters to output the calculated respective output voltage;

and

the output voltage supplied to the load is a sum of the respective output voltages of the power converters.

33. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein the controller is further configured to calculate a respective output voltage of each of the power converters based on a compensation factor that depends on a total number of all of the power converters and an order of the power converter in a list of all of the power converters ranked in a descending order of the SOCs of the corresponding batteries.

34. The apparatus of claim 26, further comprising power converter controllers respectively corresponding to the power converters and configured to control, under control of the controller, respective ones of the power converters to convert the respective output voltages of the batteries corresponding to the power converters to the output voltage so that each of the power converters supplies the amount of power to the load that depends on the SOC of the corresponding battery.