CONTROLLERS FOR DC/DC CONVERTER

• US 20160141892A1
• Filed: 11/17/2014
• Published: 05/19/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 11/17/2014
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: O2 Micro International Limited (O2 Micro Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: O2 Micro International Limited (O2 Micro Incorporated)
• Inventors: LI, Gang, GUO, Guoyong, LIPCSEI, Laszlo
• Granted Patent: US 9,660,473 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2207/20 Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00 Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00712 the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/156 with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators

Abstract

A DC/DC converter converts an input DC voltage to an output DC voltage and charges a battery. The DC/DC converter includes: a DC/DC controller, operable for generating a driving signal according to a target value for the output voltage and a first detection signal indicative of the output voltage level to control switching circuitry and to adjust the output voltage level; and a battery charging controller, coupled to the DC/DC controller and the battery, that is operable for receiving the first detection signal indicative of the output voltage level and a second detection signal indicative of a battery voltage level, and for generating a loop control signal according to the first detection signal and the second detection signal to adjust the target value for the output voltage, wherein the difference between the first detection signal and the second detection signal indicates the amount of a battery charging current.

Claims

1. A DC/DC converter, operable for converting a DC input voltage to a DC output voltage and for charging a battery, wherein the DC/DC converter comprises:

a DC/DC controller, operable for generating a driving signal according to a target value for the output voltage and a first detection signal indicative of the output voltage level to control a switching circuitry and to adjust the output voltage level; and

a battery charging controller, coupled to the DC/DC controller and the battery, that is operable for receiving the first detection signal indicative of the output voltage level and a second detection signal indicative of a battery voltage level, and for generating a loop control signal according to the first detection signal and the second detection signal to adjust the target value for the output voltage, wherein the difference between the first detection signal and the second detection signal indicates an amount of a battery charging current.

2. The DC/DC converter according to claim 1, wherein the battery charging controller comprises:

a first error amplifier, operable for comparing the difference between the first detection signal and the second detection signal and a reference current signal indicative of a target value for the battery charging current;

a second error amplifier, operable for comparing the second detection signal and a reference voltage signal indicative of a target value for the battery voltage; and

a bias current source, coupled to the first error amplifier and the second error amplifier, that is operable for adjusting the loop control signal according to the comparison results of the first error amplifier and the second error amplifier, thus adjusting the target value for the output voltage.

3. The DC/DC converter according to claim 2, wherein:

if the second detection signal is less than the reference voltage signal, then the DC/DC converter charges the battery with a current value equal to the target value for the battery charging current, the first error amplifier sinks current and the second error amplifier does not sink current, and the bias current source increases the loop control signal so that the output voltage and the battery voltage accordingly increase; and

if the second detection signal is not less than the reference voltage signal, then the DC/DC converter charges the battery with a voltage value equal to the target value for the battery voltage, the first error amplifier does not sink current and the second error amplifier sinks current, and the bias current source maintains the loop control signal substantially unchanged so that the output voltage and the battery voltage remain substantially unchanged.

4. The DC/DC converter according to claim 3, wherein when the DC/DC converter charges the battery with the constant voltage, the battery charging current gradually decreases from the target value for the battery charging current to a predetermined current value.

5. The DC/DC converter according to claim 1, wherein the driving signal is a pulse-width modulation signal, and the DC/DC controller adjusts the output voltage by adjusting the duty cycle of the pulse-width modulation signal.

6. The DC/DC converter according to claim 5, wherein the pulse-width modulation signal has a first state and a second state, wherein:

if the pulse-width modulation signal is in the first state, then the switching circuitry is driven into a switch on state and the current flowing through an inductor in the DC/DC converter increases; and

if the pulse-width modulation signal is in the second state, then the switching circuitry is driven into a switch off state and the current flowing through the inductor in the DC/DC converter decreases.

7. A battery charging controller, operable for controlling the charging of a battery by a DC/DC converter, wherein the DC/DC converter converts a DC input voltage to a DC output voltage, and wherein the battery charging controller comprises:

a first error amplifier, operable for comparing the difference between a first detection signal indicative of the output voltage and a second detection signal indicative of a battery voltage and a reference current signal indicative of a target value for a battery charging current, wherein the difference between the first detection signal and the second detection signal indicates an amount of the battery charging current;

a second error amplifier, operable for comparing the second detection signal and a reference voltage signal indicative of a target value for the battery voltage; and

a bias current source, coupled to the first error amplifier and the second error amplifier, that is operable for adjusting a loop control signal according to the comparison results of the first error amplifier and the second error amplifier, thus adjusting a target value for the output voltage so that a DC/DC controller coupled to the battery charging controller accordingly adjusts the output voltage.

8. The battery charging controller according to claim 7, wherein:

if the second detection signal is less than the reference voltage signal, then the DC/DC converter charges the battery with a current value equal to the target value for the battery charging current, the first error amplifier sinks current and the second error amplifier does not sink current, and the bias current source increases the loop control signal so that the output voltage and the battery voltage accordingly increase; and

if the second detection signal is not less than the reference voltage signal, then the DC/DC converter charges the battery with a voltage value equal to the target value for the battery voltage, the first error amplifier does not sink current and the second error amplifier sinks current, and the bias current source maintains the loop control signal substantially unchanged so that the output voltage and the battery voltage remains substantially unchanged.

9. The battery charging controller according to claim 8, wherein when the DC/DC converter charges the battery with the constant voltage, the battery charging current gradually decreases from the target value for the battery charging current to a predetermined current value.

10. The battery charging controller according to claim 7, wherein the DC/DC controller is operable for generating a driving signal according to the target value for the output voltage and the first detection signal to control a switching circuitry and adjust the output voltage.

11. The battery charging controller according to claim 10, wherein the driving signal is a pulse-width modulation signal, and the DC/DC controller adjusts the output voltage by adjusting the duty cycle of the pulse-width modulation signal.

12. The battery charging controller according to claim 11, wherein the pulse-width modulation signal has a first state and a second state, wherein:

if the pulse-width modulation signal is in the first state, then the switching circuitry is driven into a switch on state and the current flowing through an inductor in the DC/DC converter increases; and

if the pulse-width modulation signal is in the second state, then the switching circuitry is driven into a switch off state and the current flowing through the inductor in the DC/DC converter decreases.

13. A battery charging control method, comprising:

comparing, by a first error amplifier, the difference between a first detection signal indicative of a level of an output voltage and a second detection signal indicative of level of a battery voltage and a reference current signal indicative of a target value for a battery charging current, the output voltage converted from an input voltage by a DC/DC converter, wherein the difference between the first detection signal and the second detection signal indicates an amount of the battery charging current;

comparing, by a second error amplifier, the second detection signal and a reference voltage signal indicative of a target value for the battery voltage; and

adjusting, by a bias current source coupled to the first error amplifier and the second error amplifier, a loop control signal according to the comparison results of the first error amplifier and the second error amplifier, thus adjusting a target value for the output voltage so that a DC/DC controller coupled to the battery charging controller accordingly adjusts the level of the output voltage.

14. The battery charging control method according to claim 13, wherein:

if the second detection signal is less than the reference voltage signal, then the DC/DC converter charges the battery with a current value equal to the target value for the battery charging current, the first error amplifier sinks current and the second error amplifier does not sink current, and the bias current source increases the loop control signal so that the output voltage and the battery voltage accordingly increase; and

if the second detection signal is not less than the reference voltage signal, then the DC/DC converter charges the battery with a voltage value equal to the target value of the battery voltage, the first error amplifier does not sink current and the second error amplifier sinks current, and the bias current source maintains the loop control signal substantially unchanged so that the output voltage and the battery voltage remains substantially unchanged.

15. The battery charging control method according to claim 14, wherein when the DC/DC converter charges the battery with the constant voltage, the battery charging current gradually decreases from the target value of the battery charging current to a predetermined current value.

16. The battery charging control method according to claim 13, wherein the DC/DC controller is operable for generating a driving signal according to the target value of the output voltage and the first detection signal so as to control a switching circuitry and adjust the output voltage.

17. The battery charging control method according to claim 16, wherein the driving signal is a pulse-width modulation signal, and the DC/DC controller adjusts the output voltage by adjusting the duty cycle of the pulse-width modulation signal.

18. The battery charging control method according to claim 17, wherein the pulse-width modulation signal has a first state and a second state, wherein:

if the pulse-width modulation signal is in the first state, then the switching circuitry is driven into a switch on state, and the current flowing through an inductor in the DC/DC converter increases; and

if the pulse-width modulation signal is in the second state, then the switching circuitry is driven into a switch off state, and the current flowing through the inductor in the DC/DC converter decreases.