Substance Measurement Method and Measurement Device Employing Electrochemical Biosensor

• US 20160177365A1
• Filed: 08/07/2014
• Published: 06/23/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 08/07/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: ARKRAY, Inc
• Original Assignee: ARKRAY, Inc, BioEngineering Laboratories, LLC
• Inventors: Katsuki, Koji
• Granted Patent: US 9,976,168 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: C12Q 1/005 involving specific analytes or enzymes including groups of enzymes, e.g. oxydases; C12Q1/004 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: C12Q 1/006 for glucose
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 27/3272 Test elements therefor, i.e. disposable laminated substrates with electrodes, reagent and channels optical biosensors G01N33/52
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 27/3273 Devices therefor, e.g. test element readers, circuitry details not specific to biochemical electrodes G01N33/4875

Abstract

A method is provided for measuring a substance using a biosensor, the method comprising:

• • introducing a sample containing the substance into an electrochemical measurement cell which comprises an insulating base plate; at least two electrodes formed on the insulating base plate; and a reagent layer that is disposed on at least one of the electrodes and comprises an oxidoreductase;
  • applying a voltage to the electrodes;
  • detecting a charge transfer limiting current which is generated due to the transfer of electrons from the substance in the sample to the electrode; and
  • determining the concentration of the substance contained in the sample based on the charge transfer limiting current.

Claims

1. A method for measuring a substance using a biosensor, the method comprising:

introducing a sample containing the substance into an electrochemical measurement cell which comprises an insulating base plate;

at least two electrodes formed on the insulating base plate; and

a reagent layer that is disposed on at least one of the electrodes, where the reagent layer comprises an oxidoreductase;

applying a voltage to the electrodes;

detecting a charge transfer limiting current generated from transfer of electrons from the substance to the electrode; and

determining concentration of the substance based on the charge transfer limiting current.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the charge transfer limiting current is a steady-state current observed after generation of a transient current due to charging of an electric double layer.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the current is represented by the following Equation (6):

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the oxidoreductase comprises pyrroloquinoline quinone or flavin adenine dinucleotide.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the oxidoreductase has a subunit or a domain containing heme.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the oxidoreductase has glucose oxidation activity.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the oxidoreductase is glucose dehydrogenase.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the voltage is applied in a stepwise manner.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the voltage is 600 mV or less.

13. The method according to claim 1, wherein the reagent layer comprises an electrically conductive polymer.

14. The method according to claim 1, wherein the substance is selected from the group consisting of glucose, cholesterol, ethanol, sorbitol, D-fructose and cellobiose.

15. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sample is a biological sample selected from the group consisting of blood and urine.

10. A measuring apparatus comprising:

a biosensor comprising;

an electrochemical measurement cell comprising;

an insulating base plate;

at least two electrodes formed on the insulating base plate; and

a reagent layer that is disposed on at least one of the electrodes, the reagent layer comprising an oxidoreductase capable of reacting with a substance to be measured in a sample;

a control section configured to control application of voltage to the biosensor;

a detection section configured to detect a charge transfer limiting current based on transfer of electrons from the substance to the electrode, wherein the charge transfer limiting current is generated by application of the voltage to the biosensor;

an arithmetic section configured to calculate the concentration of the substance based on the charge transfer limiting current value; and

an output section configured to output calculated concentration of the substance.

11. The measuring apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the voltage is applied in a stepwise manner due to the control section.

12. The measuring apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the substance is glucose and the oxidoreductase is glucose dehydrogenase.