Method for reversible image data hiding

• US 20160189325A1
• Filed: 12/30/2014
• Published: 06/30/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 12/30/2014
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: University of Macau
• Original Assignee: University of Macau
• Inventors: ZHOU, Jiantao, SUN, Weiwei, DONG, Li
• Granted Patent: US 9,639,912 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 18/22 Matching criteria, e.g. proximity measures
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 18/24 Classification techniques
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 1/0035 Output size adaptive watermarking
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 1/005 Robust watermarking, e.g. average attack or collusion attack resistant
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2201/0053 Embedding of the watermark in the coding stream, possibly without decoding; Embedding of the watermark in the compressed domain
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2201/0061 Embedding of the watermark in each block of the image, e.g. segmented watermarking
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2201/0083 whereby only watermarked image required at decoder, e.g. source-based, blind, oblivious
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2201/0203 whereby the image with embedded watermark is reverted to the original condition before embedding, e.g. lossless, distortion-free or invertible watermarking
• CPC Class Codes: G09C 5/00 Ciphering apparatus or methods not provided for in the preceding groups, e.g. involving the concealment or deformation of graphic data such as designs, written or printed messages
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2209/16 Obfuscation or hiding, e.g. involving white box
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 9/0637 Modes of operation, e.g. cipher block chaining [CBC], electronic codebook [ECB] or Galois/counter mode [GCM]

Abstract

A method for reversible image data hiding comprising: encrypting an original image by an encryption process to generate an encrypted image, embedding a message into the encrypted image by an embedment process to generate an embedded image, and extracting the message and the original image from the embedded image by a decryption and extraction process. The encryption process including: generating a key stream by using a secret encryption key, and generating an encrypted image by XORing the original image with the key stream. The embedment process including: generating an embedded image by embedding the message via XORing the encrypted image with a predetermined public key set.

Claims

1. A method for reversible image data hiding comprising:

encrypting an original image by an encryption process to generate an encrypted image, wherein the encryption process including;

generating a key stream by using a secret encryption key; and

generating an encrypted image by XORing the original image with the key stream;

embedding a message into the encrypted image by an embedment process to generate an embedded image, wherein the embedment process including;

generating an embedded image by embedding the message via XORing the encrypted image with a predetermined public key set; and

extracting the message and the original image from the embedded image by a decryption and extraction process.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein generating the embedded image by embedding the message via XORing the encrypted image with the predetermined public key further comprises:

dividing the encrypted image into encrypted blocks;

extracting the message into bits of the message;

finding a public key of the public key set associated with each of the bits of the message; and

XORing each of the public keys with each of the encrypted blocks to generate embedded blocks.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein generating the embedded image by embedding the message via XORing the encrypted image with the predetermined public key further comprises:

performing XORing each of the public keys with each of the encrypted blocks to generate the embedded blocks until all of the bits of the message are embedded; and

assembling the embedded blocks to generate the embedded image.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein the encrypted blocks are non-overlapping, wherein the public keys are binary public keys, and wherein each of the public keys has a maximized minimum-Hamming distance.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein no private key for data hiding other than the secret encryption key is used.

6. A method for reversible image data hiding comprising:

encrypting an original image by an encryption process to generate an encrypted image, wherein the encryption process including;

generating a key stream by using a secret encryption key; and

generating an encrypted image by XORing the original image with the key stream;

embedding a message into the encrypted image by an embedment process to generate an embedded image, wherein the embedment process including;

generating an embedded image by embedding the message via XORing the encrypted image with a predetermined public key set; and

extracting the message and the original image from the embedded image by a decryption and extraction process, wherein the decryption and extraction process including;

generating a decrypted image by XORing the embedded image with the key stream; and

generating the message and the original image by XORing the decrypted image with the public key set.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein generating the embedded image by embedding the message via XORing the encrypted image with the predetermined public key further comprises:

dividing the encrypted image into encrypted blocks;

extracting the message into bits of the message;

finding a public key of the public key set associated with each of the bits of the message; and

XORing each of the public keys with each of the encrypted blocks to generate embedded blocks.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein generating the embedded image by embedding the message via XORing the encrypted image with the predetermined public key further comprises:

performing XORing each of the public keys with each of the encrypted blocks to generate the embedded blocks until all of the bits of the message are embedded; and

assembling the embedded blocks to generate the embedded image.

9. The method of claim 6, wherein generating the message and the original image by XORing the decrypted image with the public key set further comprises:

dividing the decrypted image into decrypted blocks;

creating decoding candidates by XORing the decrypted blocks with each public key of the public key set; and

identifying which of the decoding candidates are original blocks of the original image by determining the bits of the message through a classifier.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein generating the message and the original image by XORing the decrypted image with the public key set further comprises:

detecting and correcting errors according to property of non-local image similarity;

assembling the bits of the message to generate the message; and

assembling the original blocks of the original image to generate the original image.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein detecting and correcting errors according to property of non-local image similarity further comprises:

computing a minimum patch distance within a search window.

12. The method of claim 9, wherein the classifier is a two-class support vector machine classifier.

13. The method of claim 9, wherein the public keys are binary public keys, wherein each of the public keys has a maximized minimum-Hamming distance, and wherein the decrypted blocks are non-overlapping.

14. The method of claim 6, wherein no private key for data hiding other than the secret encryption key is used.

15. A method for reversible image data hiding comprising:

pre-negotiating a secret encryption key between a first electronic device and a third electronic device;

encrypting an original image by an encryption process to generate an encrypted image by the first electronic device, wherein the encryption process including;

generating a key stream by using the secret encryption key; and

generating an encrypted image by XORing the original image with the key stream;

sending the encrypted image to a second electronic device from the first electronic device;

embedding a message into the encrypted image by an embedment process to generate an embedded image by the second electronic device which does not know the secret encryption key, wherein the embedment process including;

generating an embedded image by embedding the message via XORing the encrypted image with a predetermined public key set;

sending the embedded image to the third electronic device from the second electronic device; and

extracting the message and the original image from the embedded image by a decryption and extraction process by the third electronic device, wherein the decryption and extraction process including;

generating a decrypted image by XORing the embedded image with the key stream; and

generating the message and the original image by XORing the decrypted image with the public key set.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein generating the embedded image by embedding the message via XORing the encrypted image with the predetermined public key further comprises:

dividing the encrypted image into encrypted blocks;

extracting the message into bits of the message;

finding a public key of the public key set associated with each of the bits of the message;

XORing each of the public keys with each of the encrypted blocks to generate embedded blocks; and

assembling the embedded blocks to generate the embedded image.

17. The method of claim 15, wherein generating the message and the original image by XORing the decrypted image with the public key set further comprises:

dividing the decrypted image into decrypted blocks;

creating decoding candidates by XORing the decrypted blocks with each public key of the public key set; and

identifying which of the decoding candidates are original blocks of the original image by determining the bits of the message through a classifier.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein generating the message and the original image by XORing the decrypted image with the public key set further comprises:

detecting and correcting errors according to property of non-local image similarity;

assembling the bits of the message to generate the message; and

assembling the original blocks of the original image to generate the original image.

19. The method of claim 15, wherein the first electronic device is a satellite, wherein the second electronic device is a base station, and wherein the third electronic device is a data center.

20. The method of claim 15, wherein no private key for data hiding other than the secret encryption key is used.