Aptamer-based Sensors, Implantable Devices and Detection System

• US 20160278638A1
• Filed: 03/26/2015
• Published: 09/29/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 03/26/2015
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Google LLC (Alphabet Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Google Inc. (Alphabet Inc.)
• Inventors: SCHWARTZ, Jerrod Joseph, THOMPSON, Jason Donald, BAJAJ, Vikram Singh
• Granted Patent: US 10,028,659 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/002 Monitoring the patient using a local or closed circuit, e.g. in a room or building A61B5/0017 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0031 Implanted circuitry
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/07 Endoradiosondes
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14503 invasive, e.g. introduced into the body by a catheter or needle or using implanted sensors A61B5/1459, A61B5/1464, A61B5/1473, A61B5/1482, A61B5/14865 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14546 for measuring analytes not otherwise provided for, e.g. ions, cytochromes
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14556 by fluorescence A61B5/14555 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1459 invasive, e.g. introduced into the body by a catheter A61B5/1464 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1473 invasive, e.g. introduced into the body by a catheter A61B5/1482 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14735 comprising an immobilised reagent

Abstract

A system for measuring and/or monitoring an analyte present in interstitial fluid in skin is provided. The system includes a substrate that may be implanted into the skin and a reader device. The substrate includes a sensor comprising aptamer conjugates and is configured to obtain one or more measurements related to at least one analyte in interstitial fluid. The reader device is configured to detect the analyte in interstitial fluid via interaction with the substrate.

Claims

1. A system, comprising:

a substrate comprising a sensor, the sensor comprising aptamer conjugates, wherein the sensor is configured to obtain one or more measurements related to at least one analyte in interstitial fluid, and wherein the substrate is configured for implantation into skin; and

a reader device, wherein the reader device is configured to detect the analyte in interstitial fluid via interaction with the substrate.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the aptamer conjugate comprises a labeled aptamer conjugated to a polymer.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the labeled aptamer possesses or comes to possess a detectable signal.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the sensor is configured to obtain one or more measurements related to multiple analytes.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the substrate further comprises an antenna, and wherein the reader device is configured to detect the analyte based on data communicated via the antenna.

6. The system of claim 5, wherein the data communicated via the antenna is indicative of the one or more measurements.

7. The system of claim 6, wherein the sensor is an electrochemical sensor comprising a working electrode and a reference electrode.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein the substrate comprises a component configured to undergo an optically-detectable change related to the analyte, wherein the optically-detectable change comprises a change in at least one of optical absorption, reflectivity, or fluorescence.

9. The system of claim 8, wherein the reader device is configured to detect the optically-detectable change.

10. The system of claim 9, wherein the optically-detectable change is optical absorption, reflectivity, or fluorescence.

11. The system of claim 9, wherein the reader device comprises:

a light source configured to direct light toward the substrate; and

a photodetector configured to detect light from the substrate.

12. The system of claim 1, wherein the substrate comprises:

bio-interactive electronics, wherein the bio-interactive electronics are selectively sensitive to an analyte, and wherein the bio-interactive electronics are embedded in a polymeric material.

13. The system of claim 12, wherein

the analyte is an ion, and

the bio-interactive electronics comprise a sensitizing layer comprising an ionophore.

14. The system of claim 1, wherein

the reader further comprises a first antenna;

and

the substrate further comprises a second antenna, wherein

the reader is configured to provide radio frequency (RF) power to the substrate via the first antenna,

the sensor is configured to harvest the RF power, measure an analyte concentration level, and communicate a sensor reading back to the reader via the second antenna.

15. The system of claim 1, wherein the reader is a wearable device.

16. A method, comprising:

receiving, by a substrate, a signal from a reader device, wherein the substrate comprises a sensor, the sensor comprising aptamer conjugates, and wherein the substrate is implanted into skin;

performing, by the sensor, in response to the signal, a measurement related to at least one analyte in interstitial fluid; and

communicating, by the substrate, data indicative of the measurement to the reader device.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the signal is a radio frequency (RF) signal, and wherein the substrate comprises an antenna.

18. The method of claim 16, wherein the signal is an optical signal, and wherein the data indicative of the measurement comprises at least one of optical absorption, reflectivity, or fluorescence.

19. A method, comprising:

transmitting, by a reader device, a signal to a substrate implanted into skin, the substrate comprising a sensor, the sensor comprising aptamer conjugates, wherein the sensor is configured to obtain one or more measurements related to at least one analyte in interstitial fluid; and

receiving, by the reader device, a responsive signal from the substrate, wherein the responsive signal indicates the one or more measurements related to the analyte in the interstitial fluid.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein the substrate further comprises an antenna, wherein the signal and the responsive signal are radio frequency (RF) signals, and wherein the responsive signal comprises data indicative of the one or more measurements related to the analyte obtained by the sensor.

21. The method of claim 19, wherein the signal and the responsive signal are optical signals, wherein the substrate comprises a component configured to undergo an optically-detectable change related to the analyte, wherein the optically-detectable change comprises a change in at least one of optical absorption, reflectivity, or fluorescence, and wherein the responsive signal indicates the concentration of an analyte in interstitial fluid.