ACTIVATED CARBON SORBENT COMPOSITION WITH REDUCED AUTO-IGNITION PROPERTIES

• US 20160296908A1
• Filed: 04/07/2016
• Published: 10/13/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 04/07/2015
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: ADA Carbon Solutions, LLC (Advanced Emissions Solutions, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: ADA Carbon Solutions, LLC (Advanced Emissions Solutions, Inc.)
• Inventors: Li, Mowen, Vizcaino, Christopher, Lowring, Jacob B., Cayton, Roger H.
• Application Number:
  US15/093,414
• Publication Number:
  US 20160296908A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2253/102 Carbon
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2253/25 Coated, impregnated or composite adsorbents
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2258/0283 Flue gases
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/02 by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography solid sorbent compositions B01J20/00, preparation of inorganic compounds or elements C01
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/64 Heavy metals or compounds thereof, e.g. mercury
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/0266 Compounds of S
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/0281 Sulfates of compounds other than those provided for in B01J20/045
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/045 containing sulfur, e.g. sulfates, thiosulfates, gypsum
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/046 containing halogens, e.g. halides
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/20 comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/28004 Sorbent size or size distribution, e.g. particle size
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/28011 Other properties, e.g. density, crush strength
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/28016 Particle form
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/28071 being less than 0.5 ml/g
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/3204 Inorganic carriers, supports or substrates
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/3234 Inorganic material layers
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/3236 containing metal, other than zeolites, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, sulphides or salts
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 32/30 Active carbon

Abstract

An activated carbon sorbent composition comprising activated carbon and a passivation agent, wherein the activated carbon sorbent composition exhibits reduced self-heating or auto-ignition properties as compared to the activated carbon. The activated carbon sorbent composition may be utilized to sequester contaminants such as mercury from a flue gas stream. The passivation agent includes a sulfur species, and may be a sulfur oxide compound, a sulfide compound, or an organic sulfur compound. Methods for the manufacture of the activated carbon sorbent composition and for the sequestration of contaminants in a flue gas stream using the composition are also disclosed.

Claims

1. An activated carbon sorbent composition, comprising:

activated carbon; and

a passivation agent, the passivation agent comprising a sulfur oxide compound selected from the group consisting of;

(i) a nonionic sulfur oxide compound defined by the formula SO_y, where y=2 or 3; and

(ii) an ionic sulfur oxide compound comprising an anion defined by the formula SO_xO_y²⁻

, where x=1 or 2 and y=2, 3, 4, 5, or 6.

2. The sorbent composition recited in claim 1, wherein the sulfur oxide compound is an ionic sulfur oxide compound.

3. The sorbent composition recited in claim 2, wherein the ionic sulfur oxide compound comprises a cation that is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a nitrogen-containing compound, and a metal cation.

4. The sorbent composition recited in claim 3, wherein the cation is hydrogen.

5. The sorbent composition recited in claim 4, wherein the ionic sulfur oxide compound is sulfuric acid.

6. The sorbent composition recited in claim 3, wherein the cation is a nitrogen-containing compound.

7. The sorbent composition recited in claim 6, wherein the nitrogen-containing compound is ammonium.

8. The sorbent composition recited in claim 7, wherein the ionic sulfur oxide compound is ammonium sulfate.

9. The sorbent composition recited in claim 6, wherein the nitrogen-containing compound is an alkylammonium compound.

10. The sorbent composition recited in claim 3, wherein the cation comprises a metal cation.

11. The sorbent composition recited in claim 10, wherein the metal cation is selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal and a transition metal.

12. The sorbent composition recited in claim 11, wherein the metal cation is an alkali metal.

13. The sorbent composition recited in claim 12, wherein the alkali metal cation is selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, and potassium.

14. The sorbent composition recited in claim 13, wherein the alkali metal is sodium.

15. The sorbent composition recited in claim 11, wherein the metal cation is an alkaline earth metal.

16. The sorbent composition recited in claim 15, wherein the alkaline earth metal is selected from the group consisting of magnesium, calcium, and barium.

17. The sorbent composition recited in claim 11, wherein the metal cation is a transition metal.

18. The sorbent composition recited in claim 17, wherein the transition metal is selected from the group consisting of zinc, iron, copper, nickel, titanium, manganese, aluminum, and vanadium.

19. The sorbent composition recited in claim 18, wherein the transition metal is selected from the group consisting of iron, aluminum, and zinc.

22. The sorbent composition recited in claim 1, wherein the sorbent composition comprises at least about 0.1 wt. % of the sulfur oxide compound.

26. The sorbent composition recited in claim 1, wherein the sorbent composition comprises not greater than about 10 wt. % of the sulfur oxide compound.

27. The sorbent composition recited in claim 1, wherein the sorbent composition comprises not greater than about 5 wt. % of the sulfur oxide compound.

29. The sorbent composition recited in claim 1, wherein the specific enthalpy of the sorbent composition is at least about 10% lower than the specific enthalpy of the activated carbon.

31. The sorbent composition recited in claim 1, wherein the specific enthalpy of the sorbent composition is at least about 30% lower than the specific enthalpy of the activated carbon.

34. The sorbent composition recited in claim 1, wherein the peak oxidation rate of the sorbent composition is at least about 10% lower than the peak oxidation rate of the activated carbon.

36. The sorbent composition recited in claim 1, wherein the peak oxidation rate of the sorbent composition is at least about 30% lower than the peak oxidation rate of the activated carbon.

38. The sorbent composition recited in claim 1, wherein the peak oxidation rate of the sorbent composition is at least about 50% lower than the peak oxidation rate of the activated carbon.

39. The sorbent composition recited in claim 1, further comprising an oxidation agent.

40. The sorbent composition recited in claim 39, wherein the oxidation agent comprises a halogen species.

43. The sorbent composition recited in claim 1, wherein the activated carbon sorbent composition comprises substantially free-flowing particulates of powdered activated carbon.

44. The sorbent composition recited in claim 43, wherein the powdered activated carbon has a median particle size of not greater than about 20 μ

m.

45. The sorbent composition recited in claim 43, wherein the powdered activated carbon has a median particle size of at least about 6 μ

m.

47. The sorbent composition recited in claim 43, wherein the powdered activated carbon has a median particle size of not greater than about 20 μ

m, a particle density of at least about 0.4 g/cc, and a total pore volume of at least about 0.2 cc/g.

49. The sorbent composition recited in claim 43, wherein the powdered activated carbon has a median particle size of not greater than about 12 μ

m, a particle density of at least about 0.4 g/cc, and a total pore volume of at least about 0.2 cc/g.

50. The sorbent composition recited in claim 1, wherein the sulfur oxide compound is in the form of a coating on the activated carbon.

51. The sorbent composition of claim 1, wherein the sulfur oxide compound comprises sulfur oxide compound particulates that are admixed with the activated carbon.

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