SENSING NON-SPEECH BODY SOUNDS

• US 20160302003A1
• Filed: 04/08/2016
• Published: 10/13/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 04/08/2015
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Cornell University
• Original Assignee: Cornell University
• Inventors: Rahman, Tauhidur, Adams, Alexander Travis, Choudhury, Tanzeem
• Application Number:
  US15/094,850
• Publication Number:
  US 20160302003A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: H04R 1/2876 by means of damping material, e.g. as cladding damping material for tuning desired resonances H04R1/2807, e.g. in vents H04R1/2823, H04R1/2846
• CPC Class Codes: H04R 1/46 Special adaptations for use as contact microphones, e.g. on musical instrument, on stethoscope throat mountings H04R1/14
• CPC Class Codes: H04R 17/02 Microphones
• CPC Class Codes: H04R 2307/025 Diaphragms comprising polymeric materials
• CPC Class Codes: H04R 2499/11 Transducers incorporated or for use in hand-held devices, e.g. mobile phones, PDA's, camera's

Abstract

Methods, systems, and devices are disclosed for implementing mobile sensing of non-speech sounds from a human. In one aspect, a mobile sensing system includes a microphone to capture a diverse set of body sounds while dampening external sounds and ambient noises, wherein the captured diverse set of body sounds are not speech. The mobile sensing system includes a micro-controller in communication with the microphone to perform an algorithm for signal processing and machine learning using the captured diverse set of body sounds.

Claims

1. A mobile sensing system, comprising:

a microphone configured to capture a set of non-speech body sounds while dampening external sounds and ambient noises;

an audio codec module receiving an analog audio signal representing the captured set of body sounds from the microphone and converting the analog audio signal to a digital signal;

a micro-controller coupled to the audio codec module to filter out non-body sounds from the digital signal and preprocess the filtered digital signal into frame data; and

an audio processor receiving the frame data from the micro-controller, configured to recognize the captured set of body sounds by performing body sound classification based on a set of discriminative acoustic features identified in the frame data.

2. The mobile sensing system of claim 1, wherein the microphone includes a piezoelectric sensor-based microphone that captures body sounds conducted through body surface.

3. The mobile sensing system of claim 1, wherein the piezoelectric sensor-based microphone is highly sensitive to subtle body sounds and less sensitive to external ambient sounds or external noise.

4. The mobile sensing system of claim 1, further comprising a modem to establish wireless communication between the micro-controller and the audio processor for the audio processor to receive the frame data from the micro-controller.

5. The mobile sensing system of claim 1, wherein the micro-controller includes an ARM micro-controller.

6. The mobile sensing system of claim 1, wherein the audio processor is configured to recognize physiological reactions that generate the set of non-speech body sounds.

7. The mobile sensing system of claim 1, wherein the audio processor is located in a mobile device.

8. The mobile sensing system of claim 1, wherein the audio processor is coupled to the micro-controller via a wireless network connection.

9. A method for sensing non-speech body sounds, comprising:

capturing a set of non-speech body sounds using a microphone while dampening external sounds and ambient noises;

encoding the captured set of body sounds into a digital signal;

filtering out non-body sounds from the digital signal;

recognizing the captured set of body sounds by performing body sound classification based on a set of discriminative acoustic features identified in the digital signal; and

analyzing the captured set of body sounds to recognize physiological reactions that generate the set of non-speech body sounds.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the microphone includes a piezoelectric sensor-based microphone that captures body sounds conducted through body surface.

11. The method of claim 9, wherein the set of discriminative acoustic features are identified to produce a set of extracted features using a two-step feature extraction procedure, including a frame-level feature extraction having a frame size and window-level feature extraction having a window size.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the set of discriminative acoustic features are further identified by selecting a subset of features from the set of extracted features.

13. The method of claim 9, further including segmenting, prior to the recognizing, the digital signal into overlapping frames having a uniform length.

14. A microphone, comprising:

a capsule filled with an internal acoustic isolation material;

a diaphragm placeable on skin of a human body;

a sensor placed in the capsule, wherein a first side of the sensor is in contact with the internal acoustic isolation material and a second side of the sensor is covered by the diaphragm; and

an external acoustic isolation material enclosing the capsule and the diaphragm and capable of reducing external noise.

15. The microphone of claim 14, wherein the capsule comprises a plastic material and/or a polymer.

16. The microphone of claim 14, wherein the capsule is fabricated using three-dimensional printing or injection molding.

17. The microphone of claim 14, wherein the internal acoustic isolation material comprises a soft silicone with shore hardness between 10 OO and 20 A.

18. The microphone of claim 14, wherein the diaphragm has a thickness of less than 0.002 mm.

19. The microphone of claim 14, wherein the diaphragm is made of silicone or latex.

20. The microphone of claim 14, wherein the diaphragm has similar acoustic speed, dampening and propagation properties as that of human muscle and skin.

21. The microphone of claim 14, wherein the external acoustic isolation material comprises a hard silicone with shore hardness between 40 A to 80 A.

22. The microphone of claim 14, wherein the sensor comprises a brass piezoelectric sensor.