MEMBRANES COMPRISING GRAPHENE

• US 20160354729A1
• Filed: 04/12/2013
• Published: 12/08/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 04/12/2013
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: BL Technologies Inc. (Ashland Global Holdings, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: General Electric Company
• Inventors: PHADKE, Madhuri, KRISHNA, Kalaga Murali, BHATTACHARYYA, Arjun, DEVI, Rebika Mayanglambam
• Application Number:
  US14/880,986
• Publication Number:
  US 20160354729A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2101/02 Carbon filters
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2323/18 Pore-control agents or pore formers
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2323/28 Pore treatments
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2323/30 Cross-linking
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2325/36 Hydrophilic membranes
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 61/02 Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 61/025 Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 61/027 Nanofiltration
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 61/145 Ultrafiltration
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 65/08 Prevention of membrane fouling or of concentration polarisation
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 67/00793 Dispersing a component, e.g. as particles or powder, in another component
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 67/0097 Storing or preservation
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 69/108 Inorganic support material
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 69/1216 Three or more layers
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 69/1251 by interfacial polymerisation
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 69/148 Organic/inorganic mixed matrix membranes
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 71/0211 Graphene or derivates thereof
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 71/281 Polystyrene
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 71/381 Polyvinylalcohol
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 71/383 Polyvinylacetates
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 71/56 : Polyamides, e.g. polyester-amides

Abstract

A selective membrane, for example an ultrafiltration, nanofiltration or reverse osmosis membrane, has a layer comprising flakes of graphene, graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, or functionalized variations. The flakes may form a layer themselves, be embedded in the surface of a layer of another compound, or be dispersed in a layer of another compound. In some cases, the flakes functions as a selective membrane. In other cases, the flakes modify the properties of a membrane, for example by making the membrane more hydrophilic. In yet other cases, the flakes function as a bonding agent between layers of a membrane.

Claims

1. A membrane comprising:

a porous matrix layer; and

,

one or more graphene compounds.

2. The membrane of claim 1 wherein the one or more graphene compounds are provided in a layer over the porous matrix layer.

3. The membrane of claim 1 wherein the one or more graphene compounds are provided in the porous matrix layer.

4. The membrane of claim 1 wherein the one or more graphene compounds are selected from the group consisting of graphene, functionalized graphene, graphene oxide, functionalized graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, functionalized reduced graphene oxide and combinations thereof.

5. The membrane of claim 2 wherein the one or more graphene compounds are dispersed in a polymer in the layer over the porous matrix layer.

6. The membrane of claim 5 wherein the polymer is formed by interfacial polymerization.

7. The membrane of claim 6 wherein the polymer comprises polyamide.

8. The membrane of claim 5 wherein the polymer is selected form the group consisting of:

insolubilized polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, poly(vinyl methyl ether), chitosan, and polyvinyl sulphate, all, with or without a crosslinker, and N-isopropylacrylamide with or without Acrylic acid or acryl amide.

9. The membrane of claim 5 wherein the polymer is insolubilized polyvinyl alcohol.

10. The membrane of claim 1 wherein the one or more graphene compounds comprises a graphene compound functionalized with amine or carbonyl chloride groups.

11. The membrane of claim 1 wherein the one or more graphene compounds comprises a graphene compound functionalized with polyethylene glycol.

12. The membrane of claim 1 wherein the one or more graphene compounds comprises a graphene compound functionalized with acyl chloride or sulphonyl chloride groups.

13. The membrane of claim 1 wherein the one or more graphene compounds comprises a graphene compound functionalized with one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of:

amine, carbonyl chloride, acyl chloride, and sulphonyl chloride.

14. The membrane of claim 2 further comprising a top coat layer.

15. The membrane of claim 2 further comprising an intermediate dense layer between the porous matrix layer and the layer comprising one or more graphene compounds.

16. The membrane of claim 15 wherein the intermediate dense layer comprises polyamide.

17. The membrane of claim 2 wherein the one or more graphene compounds in the layer over the porous matrix layer comprise graphene or functionalized graphene substantially without a matrix material.

18. The membrane of claim 2 wherein the one or more graphene compounds in the layer over the porous matrix layer comprises graphene or functionalized graphene and graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, functionalized graphene oxide or functionalized reduced graphene oxide substantially without a matrix material.

19. The membrane of claim 1 wherein the one or more graphene compounds are provided in a layer over the porous matrix layer and in the porous matrix layer.

20. The membrane of claim 1 wherein the porous matrix layer comprises polysulfone.

21. The membrane of claim 1 wherein the porous matrix layer comprises a ceramic.

22. The membrane of claim 3 wherein the one or more graphene compounds in the porous matrix layer increase the rejection of the porous matrix layer.

23. A method of making a membrane comprising steps of:

coating a substrate with a polymeric membrane solution;

dispersing flakes comprising one or more of graphene compounds on or in the polymeric membrane solution;

curing the polymeric membrane solution to form a porous support; and

,

coating the porous support with a supported layer comprising one or more graphene compounds.

24. The method of claim 23 wherein coating the porous support with a supported layer comprising one or more graphene compounds comprises filtering a dispersion of flakes through the porous support.

25. The method of claim 23 wherein coating the porous support with a supported layer comprising one or more graphene compounds comprises dispersing flakes on or in at least one polymeric reactant.

26. A method of making a membrane comprising:

coating a porous support in membrane with a polymer and dispersing flakes on or in at least one polymeric reactant.