Zero-PGM TWC with High Redox Reversibility
First Claim
1. A catalytic composition of a binary Cu—
- Mn spinel in which the catalytic composition comprisesa) a binary Cu—
Mn spinel of the formula CuXMn3−
XO4, wherein X is a number from 0.01 to 2.99, and wherein the spinel comprises mixed phases of CuO, MnO and CuXMn3−
XO4;
b) a mixture of Cu and MnO;
c) or a combination of a) and b).
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Abstract
The present disclosure describes zero-platinum group metals (ZPGM) material compositions including binary Cu—Mn spinel oxide powders having stable reduction/oxidation (redox) reversibility useful for TWC and oxygen storage material applications. The behavior of Cu—Mn spinel oxide powder is analyzed under oxidation-reduction environments to determine redox reversibility, catalytic activity, and spinel structure stability. Characterization of spinel powder is performed employing X-ray diffraction analysis, hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction technique, transmission electron microscopy analysis, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis. Test results confirm the phase and structural stability of the Cu—Mn spinel oxide during redox reaction, thereby indicating that the Cu—Mn spinel oxide can be employed in a plurality of TWC applications.
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Citations
20 Claims
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1. A catalytic composition of a binary Cu—
- Mn spinel in which the catalytic composition comprises
a) a binary Cu—
Mn spinel of the formula CuXMn3−
XO4, wherein X is a number from 0.01 to 2.99, and wherein the spinel comprises mixed phases of CuO, MnO and CuXMn3−
XO4;
b) a mixture of Cu and MnO;
c) or a combination of a) and b). - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
- Mn spinel in which the catalytic composition comprises
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11. A method of removing one or more of nitrous oxide (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbons (HC) from an exhaust stream comprising the step of contacting the exhaust stream comprising one or more of NOx, CO, or HC with a catalytic composition, the catalytic composition comprising a) a binary Cu—
- Mn spinel of the formula CuXMn3−
XO4, wherein X is a number from 0.01 to 2.99, and wherein the spinel comprises mixed phases of CuO, MnO and CuXMn3−
XO4;
b) a mixture of Cu and MnO;
c) or a combination of a) and b). - View Dependent Claims (12, 13, 14, 15)
- Mn spinel of the formula CuXMn3−
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16. A method of removing pollutants from a gas stream comprising:
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a) contacting an exhaust stream comprising one or more of NOx, CO, or HC with a catalytic composition comprising a binary Cu—
Mn spinel of the formula CuXMn3−
XO4, wherein X is a number from 0.01 to 2.99, and wherein the step of contacting results in a reduction of one or more of NOx, CO, or HC in the exhaust stream, and in the Cu—
Mn spinel being reduced or partially reduced;b) contacting the exhaust stream with the reduced or partially reduced Cu—
Mn spinel at a temperature that is between about 400°
C. to about 600°
C.; andc) oxidizing the catalytic composition following step b) to form a binary Cu—
Mn spinel of the formula CuXMn3−
XO4. - View Dependent Claims (17, 18, 19, 20)
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Specification