CARBON MATERIALS COMPRISING ENHANCED ELECTROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES

• US 20160372750A1
• Filed: 01/05/2016
• Published: 12/22/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 12/28/2010
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Group14 Technologies Inc.
• Original Assignee: BASF SE
• Inventors: Feaver, Aaron Marshall, Chang, Alan T., Costantino, Henry R., Oppie, Amalia L., Pan, Yangyang, Cover, Liam, Scott, William D.
• Application Number:
  US14/988,625
• Publication Number:
  US 20160372750A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 32/30 Active carbon
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 32/318 characterised by the starting materials
• CPC Class Codes: C01P 2006/12 Surface area
• CPC Class Codes: C01P 2006/14 Pore volume
• CPC Class Codes: C01P 2006/16 Pore diameter
• CPC Class Codes: H01G 11/24 characterised by structural features of the materials making up or comprised in the electrodes, e.g. form, surface area or porosity; characterised by the structural features of powders or particles used therefor
• CPC Class Codes: H01G 11/34 characterised by carbonisation or activation of carbon
• CPC Class Codes: H01G 11/44 Raw materials therefor, e.g. resins or coal
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0525 Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/054 Accumulators with insertion or intercalation of metals other than lithium, e.g. with magnesium or aluminium
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/06 Lead-acid accumulators semi-lead accumulators H01M10/20
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 12/06 with one metallic and one gaseous electrode
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/133 Electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/14 Electrodes for lead-acid accumulators
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/583 Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/44 Fibrous material
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/13 Energy storage using capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/249953 Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/249978 Voids specified as micro
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/249979 : Specified thickness of void-containing component [absolute or relative] or numerical cell dimension

Abstract

The present application is directed to carbon materials comprising an optimized pore structure. The carbon materials comprise enhanced electrochemical properties and find utility in any number of electrical devices, for example, as electrode material in ultracapacitors. Methods for making the disclosed carbon materials are also disclosed.

Claims

1-75. -75. (canceled)

76. A carbon material comprising a pore structure, the pore structure comprising micropores, mesopores and a total pore volume, wherein from 20% to 50% of the total pore volume resides in micropores, from 50% to 80% of the total pore volume resides in mesopores and less than 10% of the total pore volume resides in pores greater than 20 nm.

77. The carbon material of claim 76, wherein from 20% to 40% of the total pore volume resides in micropores and from 60% to 80% of the total pore volume resides in mesopores.

78. The carbon material of claim 76, wherein from 25% to 35% of the total pore volume resides in micropores and from 65% to 75% of the total pore volume resides in mesopores.

79. The carbon material of claim 76, wherein about 30% of the total pore volume resides in micropores and about 70% of the total pore volume resides in mesopores.

80. The carbon material of claim 76, wherein from 30% to 50% of the total pore volume resides in micropores and from 50% to 70% of the total pore volume resides in mesopores.

81. The carbon material of claim 76, wherein from 35% to 45% of the total pore volume resides in micropores and from 55% to 65% of the total pore volume resides in mesopores.

82. The carbon material of claim 76, wherein about 40% of the total pore volume resides in micropores and about 60% of the total pore volume resides in mesopores.

83. The carbon material of claim 76, wherein less than 5% of the total pore volume resides in pores greater than 20 nm.

84. The carbon material of claim 76, wherein the carbon material comprises a BET specific surface area of at least 300 m²/g.

85. The carbon material of claim 76, wherein the carbon material comprises a BET specific surface area of at least 500 m²/g.

86. The carbon material of claim 76, wherein the carbon material comprises a pore volume of at least 0.50 cc/g.

87. The carbon material of claim 76, wherein the carbon material comprises a pore volume of at least 0.60 cc/g.

88. The carbon material of claim 76, wherein the carbon material comprises a pore volume of at least 0.70 cc/g.

89. An electrode comprising the carbon material of claim 76.

90. A device comprising the carbon material of claim 76.

91. The device of claim 90, wherein the device is an EDLC, lithium/carbon battery, zinc/carbon, lithium air battery or lead acid battery.

92. The device of claim 90, wherein the device is a lead/acid battery comprising:

a) at least one positive electrode comprising a first active material in electrical contact with a first current collector;

b) at least one negative electrode comprising a second active material in electrical contact with a second current collector; and

c) an electrolyte;

wherein the positive electrode and the negative electrode are separated by an inert porous separator, and wherein at least one of the first or second active materials comprises the carbon material.