REDUCING FLUID PRESSURE SPIKES IN A PUMPING SYSTEM

• US 20170016433A1
• Filed: 03/30/2015
• Published: 01/19/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 03/31/2014
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Liberty Oilfield Services LLC (Liberty Oilfield Services, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Schlumberger Technology Corporation (Schlumberger NV)
• Inventors: Chong, Jonathan Wun Shiung, Callaway, Lewis, Hodgson, Kim
• Granted Patent: US 10,393,108 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 43/2607 Surface equipment specially adapted for fracturing operations
• CPC Class Codes: F04B 1/00 Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders machines or pumps with pistons coacting within one cylinder F04B3/00
• CPC Class Codes: F04B 11/0058 with piston speed control
• CPC Class Codes: F04B 17/03 driven by electric motors
• CPC Class Codes: F04B 17/05 driven by internal-combustion engines
• CPC Class Codes: F04B 2201/0201 Position of the piston
• CPC Class Codes: F04B 2205/03 Pressure in the compression chamber
• CPC Class Codes: F04B 2205/04 Pressure in the outlet chamber
• CPC Class Codes: F04B 2205/05 Pressure after the pump outlet
• CPC Class Codes: F04B 23/04 Combinations of two or more pumps
• CPC Class Codes: F04B 23/06 the pumps being all of reciprocating positive-displacement type
• CPC Class Codes: F04B 49/065 and making use of computers
• CPC Class Codes: F04B 49/20 by changing the driving speed
• CPC Class Codes: F04B 51/00 Testing machines, pumps, or pumping installations

Abstract

A pumping system including a plurality of pumps each having a pump fluid outlet, a drive shaft, a prime mover, and fluid displacing members operatively coupled with the drive shaft. A common fluid conduit may be fluidly coupled with each pump fluid outlet. A control system of the pumping system includes position sensors operable to generate information relating to phase and/or speed of each pump, pressure sensors operable to generate information relating to fluid pressure spikes, and a controller in communication with the position and pressure sensors. The controller is operable to cause the prime movers to adjust the phasing of the pumps with respect to each other, based on the information relating to fluid pressure spikes, and synchronize the speed of the pumps.

Claims

1. An apparatus, comprising:

a pumping system, comprising;

a plurality of pumps each comprising;

a drive shaft;

a prime mover operatively coupled with the drive shaft and operable to rotate the drive shaft;

a plurality of reciprocating members operable to pump a fluid;

a plurality of connecting rods operatively connecting the drive shaft with the plurality of reciprocating members; and

a pump fluid outlet; and

a control system, comprising;

a plurality of position sensors each associated with a corresponding one of the plurality of pumps, wherein each of the plurality of position sensors is operable to generate information relating to phase and/or speed of the corresponding one of the plurality of pumps;

a plurality of pressure sensors each associated with a corresponding one of the plurality of pumps, wherein each of the plurality of pressure sensors is operable to generate information relating to fluid pressure spikes at a corresponding pump fluid outlet; and

a controller in communication with the plurality of position sensors and the plurality of pressure sensors, wherein the controller is operable to cause each of the plurality of pumps to operate such that each fluid pressure spike at each pump fluid outlet is out of phase with respect to another fluid pressure spike at another pump fluid outlet.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the prime mover comprises an engine, an electric motor, or a hydraulic motor.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein each of the plurality of position sensors comprises an encoder, a rotational position sensor, a rotational speed sensor, a proximity sensor, or a linear position sensor.

4. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the plurality of pumps comprises a plurality of positive displacement reciprocating pumps.

5. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the controller is further operable to correlate the occurrence of each fluid pressure spike to the phase of a corresponding one of the plurality of pumps, and wherein the controller causes each prime mover to control the phase of each of the plurality of pumps such that a phase difference is maintained between each fluid pressure spike at each fluid outlet.

6. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the controller is operable to cause each prime mover to adjust the phase of each of the plurality of pumps such that each fluid pressure spike at each fluid outlet is out of phase with respect to another fluid pressure spike at another fluid outlet.

7. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the pumping system further comprises a common fluid pathway fluidly coupled with each pump fluid outlet, wherein the control system further comprises another pressure sensor operable to generate information relating to fluid pressure spikes within the common fluid pathway, and wherein the controller is operable to cause the prime mover to adjust the phase of one or more of the plurality of pumps with respect to another of the plurality of pumps when one or more fluid pressure spikes exceeding a predetermined pressure level are detected in the common fluid pathway.

8. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein the controller is further operable to cause each prime mover to maintain a substantially constant phase between each of the plurality of pumps when the one or more fluid pressure spikes in the common fluid pathway are below the predetermined pressure level.

9. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein:

the pumping system is a first pumping system;

the first pumping system further comprises a first common fluid outlet fluidly connected with each pump fluid outlet;

the apparatus further comprises a second pumping system comprising a second common fluid outlet;

the first common fluid outlet is fluidly coupled with a wellhead via a first fluid conduit;

the second common fluid outlet is fluidly coupled with the wellhead via a second fluid conduit; and

the first and second fluid conduits are fluidly isolated from each other.

10. An apparatus, comprising:

a pumping system, comprising;

a plurality of pumps each comprising;

a housing;

a pump fluid outlet;

a drive shaft disposed within the housing;

a prime mover operatively coupled with the drive shaft and operable to rotate the drive shaft; and

a plurality of fluid displacing members operatively coupled with the drive shaft;

a common fluid conduit fluidly coupled with each pump fluid outlet; and

a control system, comprising;

a plurality of position sensors each associated with a corresponding one of the plurality of pumps, wherein each of the plurality of position sensors is operable to generate information relating to phase and/or speed of the corresponding one of the plurality of pumps;

a plurality of pressure sensors each operable to generate information relating to fluid pressure spikes; and

a controller in communication with the plurality of position sensors and the plurality of pressure sensors, wherein the controller is operable to cause the prime mover to;

adjust the phase of one or more of the plurality of pumps with respect to the phase of another of the plurality of pumps based on the information relating to fluid pressure spikes; and

synchronize the speed of the plurality of pumps.

11. The apparatus of claim 10 wherein each of the plurality of pressure sensors is disposed in association with a corresponding one of the plurality of pumps, wherein each of the plurality of pressure sensors is operable to generate information relating to fluid pressure spikes at the pump fluid outlet of the corresponding one of the plurality of pumps, wherein the controller is further operable to correlate the occurrence of each fluid pressure spike to the phase of the corresponding one of the plurality of pumps, and wherein the controller causes each prime mover to control the phase of each of the plurality of pumps such that a phase difference is maintained between each fluid pressure spike at each fluid outlet.

12. The apparatus of claim 10 wherein each of the plurality of pressure sensors is operable to generate information relating to fluid pressure spikes at the pump fluid outlet of the corresponding one of the plurality of pumps, and wherein the controller is operable to cause each prime mover to adjust the phase of each of the plurality of pumps such that each fluid pressure spike at each fluid outlet is out of phase with respect to another fluid pressure spike at another fluid outlet.

13. The apparatus of claim 10 wherein each of the plurality of pressure sensors is disposed in association with the common fluid conduit, wherein each of the plurality of pressure sensors is operable to generate information relating to fluid pressure spikes within the common fluid conduit, and wherein the controller is operable to cause the prime mover to adjust the phase of one or more of the plurality of pumps with respect to the phase of another of the plurality of pumps when fluid pressure spikes exceeding a predetermined pressure level are detected in the common fluid pathway.

14. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein the controller is further operable to cause the prime mover of each of the plurality of pumps to maintain a substantially constant phase between each of the plurality of pumps when the fluid pressure spikes within the common fluid pathway are below the predetermined pressure level.

15. A method, comprising:

conducting pumping operations with a plurality of pumps each comprising a drive shaft, a prime mover operatively coupled with the drive shaft, and a plurality of reciprocating members, wherein conducting pumping operations comprises powering each prime mover to rotate each drive shaft and thereby cause each of the plurality of reciprocating members to reciprocate and thereby pump a fluid;

monitoring phase and/or speed of each of the plurality of pumps;

monitoring fluid pressure within a pumping system comprising the plurality of pumps, including information relating to fluid pressure spikes within the pumping system;

synchronizing the speed of each of the plurality of pumps; and

adjusting the phase of one or more of the plurality of pumps with respect to the phase of another of the plurality of pumps based on the information relating to fluid pressure spikes within the pumping system.

16. The method of claim 15 wherein synchronizing the speed of each of the plurality of pumps comprises:

selecting one of the plurality of pumps as a primary pump;

causing the primary pump to operate at a predetermined speed; and

causing one of the plurality of pumps other than the primary pump to operate at a substantially same speed as the primary pump.

17. The method of claim 15 wherein each of the plurality of pumps further comprises a pump fluid outlet, wherein monitoring fluid pressure within the pumping system comprises monitoring the fluid pressure at each pump fluid outlet for the fluid pressure spikes, and wherein adjusting the phase of one or more of the plurality of pumps comprises causing one or more prime movers to adjust the phase between the plurality of pumps such that each fluid pressure spike at each fluid outlet is out of phase with respect to another fluid pressure spike at another fluid outlet.

18. The method of claim 15 wherein each of the plurality of pumps further comprises a pump fluid outlet, wherein the pumping system further comprises a common fluid pathway fluidly coupled with each pump fluid outlet, wherein monitoring fluid pressure within the pumping system comprises monitoring the fluid pressure within the common fluid pathway for the fluid pressure spikes, and wherein adjusting the phase of one or more of the plurality of pumps comprises causing one or more prime movers to adjust the phase of one or more of the plurality of pumps with respect to another of the plurality of pumps when the fluid pressure spikes exceeding a predetermined pressure level are detected in the common fluid pathway.

19. The method of claim 18 further comprising causing the prime movers to maintain a substantially constant phase between each of the plurality of pumps when the fluid pressure spikes within the common fluid pathway are decreased below the predetermined pressure level.

20. The method of claim 15 wherein the pumping system comprises:

a first pumping system comprising a first common fluid pathway fluidly coupled with a plurality of first pumps; and

a second pumping system comprising a second common fluid pathway fluidly coupled with a plurality of second pumps; and

the method further comprises;

communicating a first fluid from the first pumping system to a wellbore via the first common fluid pathway; and

communicating a second fluid in isolation from the first fluid from the second pumping system to the wellbore via the second common fluid pathway.