SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR AT HOME NEURAL RECORDING

• US 20170112408A1
• Filed: 12/28/2016
• Published: 04/27/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 04/23/2014
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Case Western Reserve University
• Original Assignee: Case Western Reserve University
• Inventors: Durand, Dominique M.
• Granted Patent: US 10,542,904 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2560/0468 Built-in electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/04 Arrangements of multiple sensors of the same type
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0006 ECG or EEG signals
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0015 characterised by features of the telemetry system
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/165 Evaluating the state of mind, e.g. depression, anxiety
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/291 for electroencephalography [EEG]
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/316 Modalities, i.e. specific diagnostic methods
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/369 Electroencephalography [EEG] devices for psychotechnics A61B5/16
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/378 Visual stimuli
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/38 Acoustic or auditory stimuli
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4094 Diagnosing or monitoring seizure diseases, e.g. epilepsy
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4812 Detecting sleep stages or cycles
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4824 Touch or pain perception evaluation A61B5/4821 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4836 Diagnosis combined with treatment in closed-loop systems or methods A61B5/0036 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4845 Toxicology, e.g. by detection of alcohol, drug or toxic products A61B5/4848 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6803 Head-worn items, e.g. helmets, masks, headphones or goggles
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6898 Portable consumer electronic devices, e.g. music players, telephones, tablet computers
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7203 for noise prevention, reduction or removal
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7225 Details of analog processing, e.g. isolation amplifier, gain or sensitivity adjustment, filtering, baseline or drift compensation A61B5/30, A61B5/316 take precedence; transformers for specific applications H01F38/00; amplifiers H03F
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/725 using specific filters therefor, e.g. Kalman or adaptive filters A61B5/316 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2021/0022 : by the tactile sense, e.g. vibrations
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2021/0027 : by the hearing sense
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2021/0044 : by the sight sense
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2021/0072 : with application of electrical currents
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 21/00 : Other devices or methods to cause a change in the state of consciousness; Devices for producing or ending sleep by mechanical, optical, or acoustical means, e.g. for hypnosis
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3553 : remote, e.g. between patient's home and doctor's office
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3561 : local, e.g. within room or hospital
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3569 : sublocal, e.g. between console and disposable
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3584 : using modem, internet or bluetooth
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3592 : using telemetric means, e.g. radio or optical transmission
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/8206 : battery-operated
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2209/088 : on the body
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2230/005 : Parameter used as control input for the apparatus
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2230/10 : Electroencephalographic signals
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/0456 : Specially adapted for transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation [TENS]
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/20 : continuous direct currents
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36025 : for treating a mental or cerebral condition
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 2005/0647 : the applicator adapted to be worn on the head
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 2005/0648 : the light being directed to the eyes
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 5/0622 : Optical stimulation for exciting neural tissue

Abstract

One aspect of the present disclosure relates to a system to facilitate at home neural monitoring. The system can include a wearable device and an external device. The wearable device can include an electrode configured to be placed behind a patient'"'"'s ear to record an electroencephalogram (EEG) signal; an amplifier to amplify the EEG signal; a battery; and a wireless transmission system to transmit the amplified EEG signal. The external device can be configured to receive the amplified EEG signal and to perform analysis of the amplified EEG signal. In some instances, the external device can also provide neural stimulation (e.g., acoustic, visual, or electrical) to the wearable device in response to analysis of the amplified EEG signal.

Claims

1. A system comprising:

a wearable device comprising;

an electrode configured to be placed behind a patient'"'"'s ear to record an electroencephalogram (EEG) signal;

an amplifier to amplify the EEG signal;

a battery; and

a wireless transmission system to transmit the amplified EEG signal; and

an external device configured to receive the amplified EEG signal and to perform analysis of the amplified EEG signal.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the external device is configured to signal a stimulator to provide an electrical stimulation to modulate activity of the brain or one or more cranial nerves based on the amplified EEG signal.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the electrical stimulation comprises at least one of a direct current (DC) waveform or an alternating current (AC) waveform.

4. The system of claim 2, wherein the electrode is further configured to provide the electrical stimulation.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the wearable device further comprises another electrode configured to be placed behind the patient'"'"'s other ear to record the EEG signal.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the wearable device further comprises a reference electrode configured to be placed remote from the patient'"'"'s ear.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein the electrode is configured to be placed over the mastoid process behind the patient'"'"'s ear.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein the electrode is configured to be placed on a conductive gel behind the patient'"'"'s ear.

9. The system of claim 5, wherein the wearable device is configured to release the conductive gel before the electrode is placed behind the patient'"'"'s ear.

10. The system of claim 1, wherein the electrode is a capacitive electrode.

11. The system of claim 1, wherein the wearable device is configured as earphones, a sleep mask, or eye glasses.

12. The system of claim 1, wherein the external device is a portable computing device configured to communicate with the wireless transmission system to receive the amplified EEG signal.

13. The system of claim 12, wherein the portable computing device is a cellular phone.

14. The system of claim 12, wherein the portable analysis comprises at least one of seizure detection, seizure counting, seizure duration detection, interictal spike detection, and interictal spike counting.

15. The system of claim 1, wherein the external device sends a signal to the wearable device to provide an acoustic stimulation.

16. The system of claim 1, wherein the external device is configured to communicate wirelessly with a server to provide the amplified EEG signal.

17. A method comprising:

recording electroencephalogram (EEG) signals by electrodes behind a patient'"'"'s ear, wherein the electrodes are part of a wearable device;

wirelessly sending the EEG signals to an external device; and

receiving a stimulation signal from the eternal device in response to a detection of seizure activity based on an analysis of the EEG signals.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the stimulation signals comprises at least one of an auditory stimulation, a visual stimulation, and an electrical stimulation.

19. The method of claim 17, further comprising amplifying the EEG signals before sending the EEG signals to the external device.

20. The method of claim 17, further comprising placing the electrodes over the mastoid process behind each of the patient'"'"'s ears.