ENHANCED CONTENT ROUTE SELECTION IN CONTENT DELIVERY NETWORKS

• US 20170134337A1
• Filed: 04/12/2016
• Published: 05/11/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 11/11/2015
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Fastly Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Fastly Incorporated
• Inventors: Arajo, Joo Diogo Taveira
• Granted Patent: US 9,967,227 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2101/659 Internet protocol version 6 [IPv6] addresses
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 61/4511 using domain name system [DNS]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/568 Storing data temporarily at an intermediate stage, e.g. caching

Abstract

Systems, methods, apparatuses, and software for a content delivery network that caches content for delivery to end user devices is presented. In one example, a method includes establishing domain name relationships for use by a top-level DNS to recurse DNS queries to a DNS node associated with the CDN. The method also includes establishing address correlations between prefixed IPv6 network addresses and PQDNs that comprise indicators for at least a routing provider identifier and a cache node grouping. The method also includes receiving recursed DNS queries and responsively translating domain names in the recursed DNS queries into associated IPv6 network addresses to reach content indicated by the domain names, the associated IPv6 network addresses each determined by at least selecting one of the prefixed IPv6 network addresses according to a desired routing provider and a desired cache node grouping indicated in the PQDNs.

Claims

1. A method of operating a content delivery network (CDN) comprising a plurality of sites each having cache nodes that cache content for delivery to end user devices, the method comprising:

establishing domain name relationships for use by a top-level domain name system (DNS) to recurse DNS queries to a DNS node associated with the CDN;

in the DNS node, establishing address correlations between prefixed Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) network addresses and partially qualified domain names (PQDNs) that comprise indicators for at least a routing provider identifier and a cache node grouping;

in the DNS node, receiving recursed DNS queries and responsively translating domain names in the recursed DNS queries into associated IPv6 network addresses to reach content indicated by the domain names, the associated IPv6 network addresses each determined by at least selecting one of the prefixed IPv6 network addresses according to a desired routing provider and a desired cache node grouping indicated in the PQDNs.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

in the DNS node, selecting routing providers for each of the recursed DNS queries, where the routing providers route content indicated by the domain names and have associated routing provider indicators;

in the DNS node, selecting cache node groupings for each of the recursed DNS queries, where the cache node groupings serve content indicated by the domain names and have associated cache node grouping indicators.

3. The method of claim 2, further comprising:

in the DNS node, forming composite PQDNs from at least the routing provider indicators and the cache node grouping indicators, determining correlated ones of the prefixed IPv6 addresses that correspond to the composite PQDNs using at least the address correlations, and transferring responses to the recursed DNS queries comprising IPv6 network addresses corresponding to the correlated ones of the prefixed IPv6 addresses.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein forming the composite PQDNs comprises assembling the composite PQDNs with at least a base domain name associated with the content delivery network, the routing provider indicators, and the cache node grouping indicators.

5. The method of claim 3, further comprising:

in the DNS node, determining the IPv6 network addresses based on the correlated ones of the prefixed IPv6 addresses and further network address bits to form the IPv6 network addresses.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein bits of the IPv6 network addresses corresponding to the prefixed IPv6 addresses comprise IPv6 locator bits, and wherein the further network address bits comprise IPv6 identifier bits.

7. The method of claim 2, wherein the routing provider indicators correspond to /36 prefixed IPv6 addresses, and wherein the cache node grouping indicators correspond to /48 prefixed IPv6 addresses.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the desired cache node grouping corresponds to a plurality of cache nodes that span one or more physical sites housing the plurality of cache nodes, wherein each of the one or more physical sites are configured to load balance among an associated set of the plurality of cache nodes for received content requests that are associated with the recursed DNS queries.

9. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

in the DNS node, selecting the desired cache node grouping for each of the recursed DNS queries based on at least estimated network latency for the end user devices to receive content from the desired cache node grouping.

10. A content delivery network (CDN) having a plurality of sites each comprising cache nodes that cache content for delivery to end user devices, the CDN comprising:

a DNS node associated with the CDN and configured to establish domain name relationships for use by a top-level domain name system (DNS) to recurse DNS queries to the DNS node;

the DNS node configured to establish address correlations between prefixed Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) network addresses and partially qualified domain names (PQDNs) that comprise indicators for at least a routing provider identifier and a cache node grouping;

the DNS node configured to receive recursed DNS queries and responsively translate domain names in the recursed DNS queries into associated IPv6 network addresses to reach content indicated by the domain names, the associated IPv6 network addresses each determined by at least selecting one of the prefixed IPv6 network addresses according to a desired routing provider and a desired cache node grouping indicated in the PQDNs.

11. The CDN of claim 10, comprising:

the DNS node configured to select routing providers for each of the recursed DNS queries, where the routing providers route content indicated by the domain names and have associated routing provider indicators;

the DNS node configured to select cache node groupings for each of the recursed DNS queries, where the cache node groupings serve content indicated by the domain names and have associated cache node grouping indicators.

12. The CDN of claim 11, comprising:

the DNS node configured to form composite PQDNs from at least the routing provider indicators and the cache node grouping indicators, determine correlated ones of the prefixed IPv6 addresses that correspond to the composite PQDNs using at least the address correlations, and transfer responses to the recursed DNS queries comprising IPv6 network addresses corresponding to the correlated ones of the prefixed IPv6 addresses.

13. The CDN of claim 12, comprising:

the DNS node configured to form the composite PQDNs by at least assembling the composite PQDNs with at least a base domain name associated with the content delivery network, the routing provider indicators, and the cache node grouping indicators.

14. The CDN of claim 12, comprising:

the DNS node configured to determine the IPv6 network addresses based on the correlated ones of the prefixed IPv6 addresses and further network address bits to form the IPv6 network addresses.

15. The CDN of claim 14, wherein bits of the IPv6 network addresses corresponding to the prefixed IPv6 addresses comprise IPv6 locator bits, and wherein the further network address bits comprise IPv6 identifier bits.

16. The CDN of claim 11, wherein the routing provider indicators correspond to /36 prefixed IPv6 addresses, and wherein the cache node grouping indicators correspond to /48 prefixed IPv6 addresses.

17. The CDN of claim 10, wherein the desired cache node grouping corresponds to a plurality of cache nodes that span one or more physical sites housing the plurality of cache nodes, wherein each of the one or more physical sites are configured to load balance among an associated set of the plurality of cache nodes for received content requests that are associated with the recursed DNS queries.

18. The CDN of claim 10, comprising:

the DNS node configured to select the desired cache node grouping for each of the recursed DNS queries based on at least estimated network latency for the end user devices to receive content from the desired cache node grouping.

19. A method of operating a domain name system (DNS) node of a content delivery network that caches content for delivery to end user devices, the method comprising:

establishing domain name relationships for use by a top-level domain name system (DNS) to recurse DNS queries to a DNS node associated with the CDN;

establishing address correlations between prefixed Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) network addresses and partially qualified domain names (PQDNs) that comprise indicators for at least a routing provider identifier and a cache node grouping;

receiving recursed DNS queries and responsively translating domain names in the recursed DNS queries into associated IPv6 network addresses to reach content indicated by the domain names, the associated IPv6 network addresses each determined by at least selecting one of the prefixed IPv6 network addresses according to a desired routing provider and a desired cache node grouping indicated in the PQDNs.

20. The method of claim 19, further comprising:

selecting routing providers for each of the recursed DNS queries, where the routing providers route content indicated by the domain names and have associated routing provider indicators;

selecting cache node groupings for each of the recursed DNS queries, where the cache node groupings serve content indicated by the domain names and have associated cache node grouping indicators;

forming composite PQDNs from at least the routing provider indicators and the cache node grouping indicators;

determining correlated ones of the prefixed IPv6 addresses that correspond to the composite PQDNs using at least the address correlations; and

transferring responses to the recursed DNS queries comprising IPv6 network addresses corresponding to the correlated ones of the prefixed IPv6 addresses.