WATER TREATMENT SYSTEMS AND METHODS

• US 20170210656A1
• Filed: 07/23/2015
• Published: 07/27/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 07/24/2014
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: China CAMC Engineering Hongkong Company Limited
• Original Assignee: Oasys Water, Inc.
• Inventors: Helm, Zachary, Drover, Christopher, Bischoff, George, Hancock, Nathan T., Nowosielski-Slepowron, Marek S.
• Granted Patent: US 10,384,967 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2311/04 Specific process operations in the feed stream; Feed pretreatment
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2311/08 Specific process operations in the concentrate stream
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2311/103 Heating
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2311/18 pH control
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2311/2623 Ion-Exchange
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2311/2649 Filtration
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2311/2665 Aeration other than for cleaning purposes
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2311/2669 Distillation
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2311/2673 Evaporation
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2311/268 Water softening
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2311/2688 Biological processes
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2311/2692 Sterilization
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 61/002 Forward osmosis or direct osmosis
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 61/0021 comprising multiple forward osmosis steps
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 61/025 Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 61/362 Pervaporation
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 61/364 Membrane distillation
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 61/44 Ion-selective electrodialysis
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 61/48 having one or more compartments filled with ion-exchange material , e.g. electrodeionisation
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 61/58 Multistep processes
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 1/42 : by ion-exchange ion-exchange in general B01J
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 1/441 : by reverse osmosis
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 1/445 : by forward osmosis
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 1/463 : by electrocoagulation
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 1/4695 : electrodeionisation
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 1/52 : by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities C02F1/463 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2001/007 : Processes including a sedimentation step
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2101/101 : Sulfur compounds
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2209/005 : Processes using a programmable logic controller [PLC]
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2209/02 : Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2209/06 : pH
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2209/40 : Liquid flow rate
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 3/345 : for biological oxidation or reduction of sulfur compounds
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 5/02 : Softening water by precipitation of the hardness
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 9/00 : Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage

Abstract

Separation processes using osmotically driven membrane systems are disclosed generally involving the extraction of solvent from a first solution to concentrate a solute by using a second concentrated solution to draw the solvent from the first solution across a semi-permeable membrane. Pre-treatment and post-treatment may also enhance the osmotically driven membrane processes.

Claims

1. A water treatment system comprising:

at least one softening system configured for receiving a raw feed of the water; and

a two-stage clarifier proximate to and in fluid communication with the at least one softening system, the two-stage clarifier comprising;

a generally rectangular enclosure comprising two longitudinal side walls, two end walls, and a floor extending therebetween and defining an open space therein;

a first baffle extending between the side walls and upwardly from the floor for a substantial portion of a height of the side walls, the first baffle sealingly engaged with the side walls and floor and with one end wall defining a first settling zone;

a second baffle extending between the side walls and downwardly from top edges thereof for a substantial portion of the height of the side walls, the second baffle disposed proximate to and spaced from the first baffle and defining a transition zone between the first baffle and the second baffle, a second settling zone between the second baffle and one of the end walls, and a passageway between the transition zone and the second settling zone proximate the floor; and

a lamella plate assembly disposed within the second settling zone.

2. The water treatment system of claim 1, wherein the floor comprises at least one trough for collecting sludge.

3. The water treatment system of claim 1, wherein the enclosure further comprises a cover extending between the side walls and over at least a portion of the open space.

4. The water treatment system of claim 1, wherein the at least one softening system comprises at least one of a lime softening system or a soda ash softening system.

5. The water treatment system of claim 1 further comprising a flocculation system disposed between the at least one softening system and the two stage clarifier.

6. The water treatment system of claim 1 further comprising means for introducing at least one of a chemical additive or an energy source to at least one of the first settling zone, the second settling zone, or the transition zone.

7. The water treatment system of claim 6, wherein the introduction means are disposed in the cover.

8. The water treatment system of claim 1, further comprising at least one osmotically driven membrane system in fluid communication with and disposed downstream of the two stage clarifier.

9. The water treatment system of claim 8, wherein the at least one osmotically driven membrane system comprises at least one reverse osmosis unit.

10. The water treatment system of claim 9, wherein the at least one osmotically driven membrane system further comprises at least one forward osmosis system in fluid communication with and disposed downstream of the at least one reverse osmosis system and configured for receiving a retentate stream from the at least one reverse osmosis system.

11. The water treatment system of claim 10, wherein a permeate flow from the at least one forward osmosis system is directed to a separation system to obtain a product solvent and a concentrated draw solution.

12. The water treatment system of claim 11, wherein the product solvent is directed to the at least one reverse osmosis system.

13. The water treatment system of claim 10, wherein the at least one forward osmosis system comprises a combined forward osmosis membrane and electrodeionization membrane.

14. The water treatment system of claim 1, wherein the two stage clarifier further comprises an electrocoagulation unit disposed in at least one of the first settling zone, the second settling zone, or the transition zone.

15. The water treatment system of claim 1 further comprising a filtration system in fluid communication with and disposed downstream of the two stage clarifier.

16. The water treatment system of claim 1 further comprising an ion exchange system in fluid communication with and disposed downstream of the two stage clarifier.

17. The water treatment system of claim 1, wherein the at least one softening system comprises a bacterial softening system.

18. The water treatment system of claim 17, wherein the bacterial softening system comprises sulfate-reducing bacteria.

19. The water treatment system of claim 18, wherein the bacterial softening system comprises a reservoir comprising means for removing hydrogen sulfide gas.