HIP REPLACEMENT NAVIGATION SYSTEM AND METHOD

• US 20170296274A1
• Filed: 03/30/2017
• Published: 10/19/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 08/14/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Orthalign, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Orthalign, Inc.
• Inventors: van der Walt, Nicholas, Ryan, Matthew, Nielsen, Jonathan
• Granted Patent: US 10,603,115 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1746 for the acetabulum
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/2048 using an accelerometer or inertia sensor
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/2068 using pointers, e.g. pointers having reference marks for determining coordinates of body points
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/20 Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 90/10 for stereotaxic surgery, e.g. frame-based stereotaxis
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/30942 for designing or making customized prostheses, e.g. using templates, CT or NMR scans, finite-element analysis or CAD-CAM techniques
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/34 Acetabular cups
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/4609 of acetabular cups
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/4657 Measuring instruments used for implanting artificial joints for surgical instruments A61B90/06
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/4687 Mechanical guides for implantation instruments

Abstract

In another embodiment, a hip joint navigation jig is provided that includes an anatomical interface comprising a bone engagement portion. A registration jig is also provided that is coupled, e.g., removeably, with the anatomical interface. A rotatable member is provided for rotation about an axis that is not vertical when the jig is mounted to the bone adjacent to a hip joint and the registration jig is coupled with the anatomical interface. An anatomy engaging probe is coupled with the rotatable member for rotation about the axis and is translatable to enable the probe to be brought into contact with a plurality of anatomical landmarks during a procedure. An inertial sensor is coupled with the probe to indicate orientation related to the landmarks, the sensor being disposed in a different orientation relative to horizontal when the probe is in contact with the landmarks.

Claims

1. A method of navigating a hip joint replacement procedure, comprising:

advancing a first portion of a jig into a portion of the pelvis;

coupling at least one inertial sensor to the jig;

moving a second portion of the jig relative to the first portion to sequentially touch a plurality of anatomical landmarks; and

placing a cup portion of a replacement joint in the acetabulum by reference to a plane calculated based on data from the at least one inertial sensors.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the anatomical landmarks include a location on the ilium of the pelvis at or adjacent to the acetabular rim.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the landmarks include a location on one or both of the ischium and the pubis at or adjacent to the acetabular rim.

4. The method of claim 1, further comprising moving the second portion of the jig to touch at least one anatomical landmark on a proximal femur of the patient prior to separating the femur from the pelvis.

5. The method of claim 1, further comprising moving the second portion of the jig to touch at least one anatomical landmark on a proximal femur of the patient after connecting a ball of a replacement joint with a cup of the replacement joint.

10. The method of claim 1, further comprising coupling a first inertial sensor with the first portion of the jig and a second inertial sensor with the second portion of the jig.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the first inertial sensor includes a user interface.

6. (canceled)

7. (canceled)

8. (canceled)

9. (canceled)

12. A hip joint navigation system, comprising:

a jig having an anchor portion adapted to be placed at an anatomical landmark and a landmark acquisition probe coupled with the anchor portion and moveable in at least three degrees of freedom;

a first inertial navigation device configured to be immovably connected to a pelvis of a patient; and

a second inertial navigation device coupled with the landmark acquisition probe;

wherein the landmark acquisition probe can be moved to touch a plurality of landmarks and wherein the inertial navigation devices determine the orientation of a plane of the acetabulum based on the position of the anatomical landmarks.

13. The hip joint navigation system of claim 12, wherein one of the degrees of freedom corresponds to translation of a tip of the landmark acquisition probe toward and away from the anchor portion, the probe comprising a scale reflecting the position of the tip relative to the anchor portion.

14. The hip joint navigation system of claim 12 further comprising a latch disposed on the jig to immobilize the landmark acquisition probe.

15. The hip joint navigation system of claim 14, wherein the latch comprises a device that restricts two of three degrees of freedom of the landmark acquisition probe.

16. The hip joint navigation system of claim 15, wherein the device comprises a channel that block two rotations degrees of freedom of the landmark acquisition probe.

17. The hip joint navigation system of claim 12, wherein the first inertial navigation device is coupled with the anchor portion of the jig.

18. The hip joint navigation system of claim 12, wherein the second inertial device comprises a mount device configured to detachably connect the second inertial device to the landmark acquisition probe.

19. The hip joint navigation system of claim 18, further comprising an acetabular cup placement device having a first end adapted for detachably coupling to an acetabular cup and a mounting device adapted to connect to the mount device of the second inertial device.

21. The hip joint navigation system of claim 12, wherein the second landmark acquisition device comprises a camera adapted to capture images indicative of linear or angular position of the landmark acquisition probe.

20. (canceled)

22. A method of navigating a hip replacement procedure, comprising:

positioning a first hip of a patient on a surgical table and a second hip off of the table such that the anterior pelvic plane is disposed upright;

coupling a jig with a bone adjacent to a second hip joint, the jig comprising a moveable orientation guide having an inertial sensor coupled therewith;

orienting the orientation guide in a plane substantially parallel to the plane of the table; and

recording the orientation of the inertial sensor as an indication of the orientation of the anterior pelvic plane;

positioning a cup of an artificial hip joint in the acetabulum with reference to the orientation of the anterior pelvic plane based on the orientation of the inertial sensor.

23. The method of claim 22, further comprising mounting an inertial sensor and the cup of the artificial hip joint on an impactor and aligning the cup relative to the acetabulum based on data from the inertial sensor coupled with the jig.

24. The method of claim 23, further comprising removing the inertial sensor coupled with the orientation guide and coupling the same inertial sensor with the impactor.

25. The method of claim 23, further comprising preventing movement of the inertial sensor coupled with the jig and coupling a second inertial sensor with the impactor, data from the inertial sensor coupled with the jig enabling tracking of patient movement.

26-79. -79. (canceled)