NANOMATERIAL-BASED SUBSTRATES FOR CHEMICAL SENSORS USING SURFACE ENHANCED RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY
First Claim
1. A method of estimating a concentration of chemicals in a fluid flowing in a fluid passage, comprising:
- forming a substrate comprising a first layer made from carbon nanotubes filtered from a suspension and chemically cross-linked to form the first layer and a second layer of metal nanowires formed on top of the first layer;
placing a sample of the fluid flowing in the fluid passage on the substrate;
radiating the fluid sample with electromagnetic radiation at a selected energy level;
measuring a Raman spectrum emitted from the fluid sample in response to the electromagnetic radiation; and
estimating the concentration of a selected chemical in the sample fluid from the Raman spectrum.
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Accused Products
Abstract
A method and apparatus for estimating a concentration of chemicals in a fluid flowing in a fluid passage is disclosed. A sample of the fluid is placed on a substrate comprising a first layer of carbon nanotubes and a second layer of metal nanowires. An energy source radiates the fluid sample with electromagnetic radiation at a selected energy level, and a detector measures an energy level of radiation emitted from the fluid sample in response to the electromagnetic radiation. A processor determines a Raman spectrum of the fluid sample from the energy level of the emitted radiation and estimates the concentration of a selected chemical in the fluid sample based on the Raman spectrum.
9 Citations
20 Claims
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1. A method of estimating a concentration of chemicals in a fluid flowing in a fluid passage, comprising:
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forming a substrate comprising a first layer made from carbon nanotubes filtered from a suspension and chemically cross-linked to form the first layer and a second layer of metal nanowires formed on top of the first layer; placing a sample of the fluid flowing in the fluid passage on the substrate; radiating the fluid sample with electromagnetic radiation at a selected energy level; measuring a Raman spectrum emitted from the fluid sample in response to the electromagnetic radiation; and estimating the concentration of a selected chemical in the sample fluid from the Raman spectrum. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)
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9. An apparatus for estimating a concentration of a chemical in a fluid passage, comprising:
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a substrate comprising a first layer of carbon nanotubes and a second layer of metal nanowires formed on top of the first layer, the carbon nanotubes of the first layer being filtered from a suspension and chemically cross-linked; an energy source for directing a beam of electromagnetic energy at a selected energy level at a fluid sample from the fluid passage on a surface of the substrate; a detector for measuring an energy level of radiation emitted from the fluid sample in response to the beam of electromagnetic energy; and a processor configured to; determine a Raman spectrum of the fluid sample from the energy level of the emitted radiation, and estimate the concentration of a selected chemical in the fluid sample based on the Raman spectrum. - View Dependent Claims (10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15)
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16. A method for characterizing a corrosive chemical in a fluid flowing in a fluid passage, comprising:
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forming a substrate comprising a first layer made from carbon nanotubes filtered from a suspension and chemically cross-linked to form the first layer and a second layer of metal nanowires formed on top of the first layer; placing a sample of the fluid on the substrate; radiating the fluid sample with electromagnetic radiation at a selected energy level; measuring a Raman spectrum emitted from the fluid sample in response to the electromagnetic radiation; and characterizing a concentration of the corrosive chemical in the fluid sample from the Raman spectrum. - View Dependent Claims (17, 18, 19, 20)
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Specification