Salt-Tolerant Star Macromolecules
First Claim
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1. A salt-tolerant star macromolecule that when dissolved in water at a concentration of at least 0.3 wt. % forms a homogeneous gel and has a dynamic viscosity of at least 10,000 cP in a 0.4 wt. % NaCl aqueous solution, according to the Salt Tolerance Test.
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Abstract
The present invention relates to multi-arm salt-tolerant star macromolecules, and methods of preparing and using the same. In one aspect of the invention, a salt-tolerant star macromolecule is capable of providing salt-tolerance to an aqueous composition.
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Citations
20 Claims
- 1. A salt-tolerant star macromolecule that when dissolved in water at a concentration of at least 0.3 wt. % forms a homogeneous gel and has a dynamic viscosity of at least 10,000 cP in a 0.4 wt. % NaCl aqueous solution, according to the Salt Tolerance Test.
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18. A one-pot method of preparing a star macromolecule, comprising:
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i) preparing one or more of a first arm, comprising; a) feeding a first amount of a radical initiator in a controlled manner to a reaction vessel containing a first group of monomers at a pre-determined temperature; and b) polymerizing the first group of monomers to greater than 15% monomer conversion; ii) preparing one or more of a second arm and, optionally, extending the prepared one or more first arms, comprising; a) adding a second arm initiator to the reaction vessel; b) adding a second group of monomers to the reaction vessel; c) feeding a second amount of the radical initiator in a controlled manner to the reaction vessel containing the second arm initiator, the second group of monomers, and optionally the prepared one or more first arms, at a pre-determined temperature; and d) polymerizing the second group of monomers to greater than 70% monomer conversion; iii) optionally, repeating step ii) to prepare one or more of a third arm; iv) crosslinking the prepared one or more first arms, the prepared one or more second arms, and optionally, the prepared one or more third arms; and v) isolating the prepared star macromolecule. - View Dependent Claims (19, 20)
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Specification