Method Of Lubricating An Internal Combustion Engine

• US 20180044610A1
• Filed: 03/07/2016
• Published: 02/15/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 03/09/2015
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: The Lubrizol Corporation (Berkshire Hathaway Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: The Lubrizol Corporation (Berkshire Hathaway Incorporated)
• Inventors: Mayhew, Alexandra, Wilby, Robert I.
• Application Number:
  US15/556,355
• Publication Number:
  US 20180044610A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 169/048 the additives being a mixture of compounds of unknown or incompletely defined constitution, non-macromolecular and macromolecular compounds
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2203/1025 used as base material
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2205/022 Ethene
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2205/024 Propene
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/026 with tertiary alkyl groups
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/027 Neutral salts thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/028 Overbased salts thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/262 derived from hydroxy substituted aromatic acids, e.g. salicylates
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/064 Di- and triaryl amines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/065 Phenyl-Naphthyl amines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/28 Amides; Imides
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2217/06 Macromolecular compounds obtained by functionalisation op polymers with a nitrogen containing compound
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/022 of hydrocarbons, e.g. olefines polyolefins C10M2221/041
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/044 Sulfonic acids, Derivatives thereof, e.g. neutral salts
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/046 Overbasedsulfonic acid salts
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/045 Metal containing thio derivatives
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2227/061 Esters derived from boron
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2227/062 Cyclic esters
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2010/04 Groups 2 or 12
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2020/01 Physico-chemical properties
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2020/04 : Molecular weight; Molecular weight distribution
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2030/04 : Detergent property or dispersant property
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2030/041 : Soot induced viscosity control
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2030/06 : Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2030/10 : Inhibition of oxidation, e.g. anti-oxidants
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2030/12 : Inhibition of corrosion, e.g. anti-rust agents or anti-corrosives
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2030/52 : Base number [TBN]
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/25 : Internal-combustion engines
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/252 : Diesel engines
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2060/14 : by boron or a compound containing boron

Abstract

The disclosed technology provides a method of lubricating a compression-ignition internal combustion engine with a maximum laden mass over 2,700 kg comprising supplying to the engine a lubricating composition comprising: an oil of lubricating viscosity, a 300 TBN or higher alkaline earth metal sulfonate detergent having a metal ratio of 10 to 40, an alkaline earth metal sulfonate detergent having a metal ratio of 3 to 9, and a TBN of 81 to 180 mg KOH/g, wherein the sulfonate detergents provide a total amount of sulfonate substrate of 1 wt % to 3 wt % of the lubricating composition, 0.1 to 1.2 wt % of antioxidant, wherein at least 20 wt % of the antioxidant is a phenolic antioxidant, a borated compound present in an amount to deliver 25 ppm to 300 ppm of boron, the lubricating composition has a sulfated ash content of 0.5 wt % to not more than 1.5 wt %, and the lubricating composition has a TBN of 6.5 to 15 mg KOH/g.

Claims

1. A method of lubricating a compression-ignition internal combustion engine with a maximum laden mass over 2,700 kg comprising supplying to the engine a lubricating composition comprising:

an oil of lubricating viscosity,

a 300 TBN or higher alkaline earth metal sulfonate detergent having a metal ratio of 10 to 40,

an alkaline earth metal sulfonate detergent having a metal ratio of 3 to 9, and a TBN of 81 to 180 mg KOH/g (as measured by ASTM D2896-11),

wherein the sulfonate detergents provide a total amount of sulfonate substrate of 0.8 wt % to 3 wt %, or 0.9 wt % to 3 wt %, or 1 wt % to 3 wt % of the lubricating composition,

0.1 to 1.2 wt % of antioxidant, wherein at least 20 wt % of the antioxidant is a phenolic antioxidant,

a borated compound present in an amount to deliver 25 ppm to 300 ppm of boron and the borated compound is chosen from

a borate-ester,

a borated dispersant, and

wherein

the lubricating composition has a sulfated ash content of 0.4 wt % to 2 wt %, or 0.5 wt % to 1.8 wt %, or 0.5 wt % to not more than 1.5 wt %, and

the lubricating composition has a TBN of 6.5 to 15 mg KOH/g (as measured by ASTM D2896-11).

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the lubricating composition is characterized as having (i) a sulfur content of 0.5 wt % or less, (ii) a phosphorus content of 0.15 wt % or less, and (iii) a sulfated ash content of 0.5 wt % to 1.5 wt % or less.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the lubricating composition is characterized as having a sulfated ash content of 0.9 wt % to 1.4 wt %, or 1.05 wt % to 1.2 wt %.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the oil of lubricating viscosity comprises a base oil selected from one or more of an API Group I, II, III, IV, V, or mixtures thereof.

14. The method of claim 1, wherein the antioxidant comprises an aminic antioxidant.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the aminic antioxidant comprises at most 60 wt %, of the antioxidant.

16. The method of claim 1, wherein the antioxidant comprises a sulfurized olefin antioxidant.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the sulfurized olefin antioxidant comprises at most 60 wt %, of the antioxidant.

18. The method of claim 1, wherein the antioxidant comprises a phenolic or an aminic antioxidant or mixtures thereof, and wherein the antioxidant is present at 0.1 wt % to 3 wt %, or 0.5 wt % to 2.75 wt %, or 1 wt % to 2.5 wt %.

19. The method of claim 1, wherein the lubricating composition has a total base number (TBN) content of 7 to 14, or 7.5 to 12 mg KOH/g.

21. The method of claim 1, wherein the sulfonate detergents deliver 1.05 to 1.2 wt %, or 1.05 to 1.1 wt % of substrate to the lubricating composition.

29. The method of claim 1, wherein the lubricating composition comprises 0 wt % to 0.2 wt %, or 0 wt % to 0.1 wt % of a phenolic based detergent.

30. The method of claim 29, wherein the lubricating composition comprises 0 wt % of a phenolic based detergent.

35. The method of claim 1, wherein the lubricating composition further comprises a dispersant viscosity modifier.

36. The method of claim 35, wherein the dispersant viscosity modifier is an olefin copolymer further functionalized with a dispersant amine group.

41. The method of claim 35, wherein the dispersant viscosity modifier is prepared by:

grafting an olefinic carboxylic acid acylating agent onto a polymer of 15 to 80 mole percent of ethylene, from 20 to 85 mole percent of C_3-10 alpha monoolefin, and from 0 to 15 mole percent of non-conjugated diene or triene, said polymer having an average molecular weight ranging from 5000 to 500,000; and

reacting the resultant grafted polymer with an amine.

44. The method of claim 1, wherein the lubricating composition further comprises a non-borated dispersant.

46. The method of claim 44, wherein the non-borated dispersant is an amine-functionalized additive derived from an amine having at least 4 aromatic groups, at least one —

NH₂ functional group, and at least 2 secondary or tertiary amino groups.

54. The method of claim 1, wherein the borated compound is a borate ester represented by the formulae:

62. The method of claim 1, wherein the borate ester is represented by one or more of the formulae:

(RO)₃B, or (RO)₂B—

O—

B(OR)_2, or

63. The method of claim 1, wherein the borate ester comprises a trialkylborate.

65. The method of claim 1, wherein the lubricating composition further comprises a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate.

66. The method of claim 65, wherein the zinc dialkyldithiophosphate is a primary zinc dialkyldithiophosphate, or a secondary zinc dialkyldithiophosphate

69. The method of claim 65, wherein the zinc dialkyldithiophosphate is present to deliver 100 ppm to 1000 ppm, or 200 ppm to 900 ppm, or 350 ppm to 900 ppm of phosphorus.

70. The method of claim 1, wherein the internal combustion engine has a steel surface on a cylinder bore, cylinder block, or piston ring.

71. The method of claim 1, wherein the internal combustion engine has a surface of steel, or an aluminium alloy, or an aluminium composite.

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