DATA STORAGE SYSTEM

• US 20180088856A1
• Filed: 09/06/2017
• Published: 03/29/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 09/27/2016
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd.
• Original Assignee: Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd.
• Inventors: YU, Geun Yeong, Shin, Beom Kyu, Lee, Myung Kyu, Kong, Jun Jin, Son, Hong Rak
• Granted Patent: US 11,016,689 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0604 Improving or facilitating administration, e.g. storage management
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0614 Improving the reliability of storage systems
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0644 Management of space entities, e.g. partitions, extents, pools
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0647 Migration mechanisms
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0688 Non-volatile semiconductor memory arrays
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0689 Disk arrays, e.g. RAID, JBOD

Abstract

A data storage system that provides improved reliability and performance comprises a first memory device including a plurality of first storage components and a first memory controller, the first memory controller controls operation of the first storage components, a second memory device including a plurality of second storage components and a second memory controller, the second memory controller controls operation of the second storage components, a grading device determining grades for each of the first storage components and the second storage components, and a system controller that the location of data based on the grades of the first storage components and the second storage components.

Claims

1. A data storage system, comprising:

a first memory device including a plurality of first storage components and a first memory controller, the first memory controller configured to control operation of the first storage components;

a second memory device including a plurality of second storage components and a second memory controller, the second memory controller configured to control an operation of the second storage components;

a grading device configured to determine a reliability grade for each of the first storage components as first grade information and for each of the second storage components as second grade information; and

a system controller configured to,

provide a write command for data comprising at least first and second sectors to the first memory controller and the second memory controller based on the first grade information and the second grade information, and

determine a first location and a second location to write the first sector and the second sector, respectively, based on the first grade information, the second grade information, and a threshold value.

2. The data storage system of claim 1, wherein

the grades of the plurality of the first storage components and the grades of the plurality of the second storage components are based on first through k-th grades, where k is a natural number, and the first through k-th grades have different score values from one another;

each of the plurality of the first storage components and the plurality of the second storage components has one of the first through k-th grades; and

the first grade information is a sum of the score values of the grades associated with the first storage component where the first sector is written; and

the second grade information is a sum of the score values of the grades associated with the second storage components where the second sector is written.

3. The data storage system of claim 1, wherein

the system controller is further configured to allocate first data grade and second data grade to the first sector and the second sector, respectively, based on the first grade information and the second grade information;

the first memory controller is further configured to store the first sector in a third storage component of the plurality of the first storage components based on results of the determination of the first location to write the first sector;

the second memory controller is further configured to store the second sector in a fourth storage component of the plurality of the second storage components based on results of the determination of the second location to write the second sector;

a grade of the third storage component is the same grade as the first data grade of the first sector; and

a grade of the fourth storage component is the same as the second data grade of the second sector.

4. The data storage system of claim 1, wherein

the plurality of first storage components includes third and fifth storage components;

the plurality of second storage components includes fourth and sixth storage components;

the grading device is configured to determine grades of the third through sixth storage components; and

the system controller is configured to receive grade information of the third through sixth storage components from the first and second memory controllers.

5. The data storage system of claim 4, wherein

the first memory controller is configured to write the first sector to the third storage component;

the second memory controller is configured to write the second sector to the fourth storage component; and

if a sum of the grades of the third and fourth storage components exceeds the threshold value, the system controller is configured to reallocate the first sector to the fifth storage component when a sum of the grades of the fifth and the fourth storage component is equal to, or less than the threshold value.

6. The data storage system of claim 4, wherein

the first memory controller is configured to write the first sector to the third storage component;

the second memory controller is configured to write the second sector to the fourth storage component; and

if a sum of the grades of the third and fourth storage components exceeds the threshold value, the system controller is configured to relocate the first sector to the fifth storage component and the second sector to the sixth storage component when a sum of the grades of the fifth and sixth storage components is equal to, or less than the threshold value.

7. The data storage system of claim 4, further comprising:

a third memory device including a plurality of third storage components and a third memory controller, the third memory controller is configured to control operation of the plurality of third storage components;

wherein

the first memory controller is further configured to write the first sector to the third storage component,

the second memory controller is further configured to write the second sector to the fourth storage component, and

if the grade of the third storage component exceeds the threshold value, the system controller is configured to reallocate the first sector to one of the plurality of the third storage components so that a sum of the grade of the one of the plurality of the third storage component where the first sector is reallocated and the grade of the fourth storage component is equal to, or less than the threshold value.

8. A data storage system, comprising:

a first memory device including a plurality of first storage components and a first memory controller, the first memory controller configured to control operation of the plurality of first storage components;

a second memory device including a plurality of second storage components and a second memory controller, the second memory controller configured to control operation of the plurality of second storage components;

a grading device configured to determine reliability grades of each of the plurality of the first storage components and each of the plurality of the second storage components; and

a system controller configured to,

transmit a write command for first data to the first memory controller and the second memory controller by allocating first and second grades to first and second sectors, respectively, of the first data, wherein

the first memory controller is further configured to,

receive the write command, and

write the first sector to a storage component with the first grade among the plurality of the first storage components; and

the second memory controller is further configured to,

receive the write command, and

write the second sector to a storage component with the second grade among the plurality of the second storage components.

9. The data storage system of claim 8, wherein

a sum of the first and second grades is equal to, or less than, a threshold value.

10. The data storage system of claim 9, wherein

the grades include first through k-th grades, where k is a natural number;

the first through k-th grades have different scores from one another;

each of the plurality of the first storage components and the plurality of the second storage components has one of the first through k-th grades; and

the sum of the first grade and the second grade is a sum of the scores of the first grade and the second grade.

11. The data storage system of claim 8, wherein

the plurality of the first storage components include a third storage component and a fourth storage component, and a third sector of the second data is stored on the fourth storage component;

the plurality of the second storage components include a fifth storage component and a sixth storage component, and a fourth sector of the second data is stored on the sixth storage component;

the storage component having the first grade is the third storage component;

the storage component having the second grade is the fifth storage component; and

a sum of the first grade and the second grade is equal to, or less than a threshold value.

12. The data storage system of claim 11, wherein a sum of the grades of the fourth and sixth storage components is equal to, or less than the threshold value.

13. The data storage system of claim 11, wherein

the plurality of the first storage components includes an seventh storage component;

and

if the grades of the fourth and sixth storage components exceeds the threshold value, the system controller is configured to reallocate the third sector to the seventh storage component when a sum of the grades of the sixth and seventh storage components is equal to, or less than the threshold value.

14. The data storage system of claim 11, wherein

the first storage components includes a seventh storage component;

the second storage components includes an eighth storage component; and

if the grades of the fourth and sixth storage components exceeds the threshold value, the system controller is configured to reallocate the third sector to the seventh storage component and the fourth sector to the eighth storage component when a sum of the grades of the seventh and eighth storage components is equal to, or less than the threshold value.

15. The data storage system of claim 11, further comprising:

a third memory device including a plurality of third storage components and a third memory controller, the third memory controller configured to control operation of the plurality of the third storage components;

wherein if the grade of the fourth storage component exceeds the threshold value, the system controller is configured to reallocate the third sector to one of the plurality of the third storage components so that a sum of the grade of the one of the plurality of the third storage component where the third sector is reallocated and the grade of the sixth storage component is equal to, or less than the threshold value.

16. A data storage system comprising:

a plurality of solid state drives (SSDs) configured in a RAID system, the plurality of SSDs each including a plurality of semiconductor chips;

at least one sensing circuit configured to determine reliability information associated with each of the semiconductor chips of the plurality of solid state drives;

at least one grading circuit configured to determine a reliability grade for each of the plurality of semiconductor chips based on the reliability information associated with each of the plurality of semiconductor chips; and

a system controller configured to write data associated with at least one RAID stripe to the plurality of semiconductor chips based on a desired total reliability grade for the data.

17. The data storage system of claim 16, wherein the data associated with the at least one RAID stripe is written to at least one semiconductor chip to two or more of the plurality of SSDs.

18. The data storage system of claim 16, wherein the writing of the data associated with the at least one RAID stripe includes:

determining reliability grades of potential data storage locations from the plurality of semiconductor chips;

selecting data storage locations to write the data to from the potential data storage locations based on the reliability grades of the potential data storage locations and the desired total reliability grade; and

writing the data associated with the at least one RAID stripe to the selected data storage locations.

19. The data storage system of claim 16, wherein

the at least one sensing circuit is configured to determine the reliability information associated with each of the semiconductor chips based on input/output (I/O) operations performed by each of the semiconductor chips;

and

the at least one grading circuit is configured to periodically update the reliability grade for each of the plurality of semiconductor chips.

20. The data storage system of claim 19, wherein the system controller is further configured to:

determine updated reliability grades of the data storage locations of the written data associated with the at least one RAID stripe based on the updated reliability grades of the plurality of semiconductor chips;

determine whether the updated reliability grades of the data storage locations of the written data associated with the at least one RAID stripe exceeds the desired total reliability grade for the written data; and

reallocate the written data associated with the at least one RAID stripe based on results of the determination of whether the updated reliability grades of the data storage locations of the written data exceeds the desired total reliability grade for the written data.