INTEGRATED LIGHT-EMITTING DIODE ARRAYS FOR DISPLAYS
First Claim
1. A device comprising:
- a substrate including a first side and a second side;
an array of light-emitting pixels formed on the first side, each pixel including at least one light-emitting element and at least one non-volatile memory coupled to the at least one light-emitting element;
control electronics formed on the second side; and
interconnects penetrating through the substrate and conductively coupling the array of pixels on the first side to the control electronics on the second side.
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Abstract
Integrated light-emitting diode (LED) arrays based devices or systems and methods of forming the integrated LED arrays based devices or systems are provided. In one aspect, an integrated active-matrix LED display includes a silicon substrate including a first side and a second side, an array of active-matrix LED pixels formed on the first side, each LED pixel including at least one LED and at least one non-volatile memory coupled to the at least one LED, display drivers formed on the first side and coupled to the LED pixels, integrated circuits formed on the second side, and conductive electrodes penetrating through the silicon substrate and coupling the display drivers to the integrated circuits. The integrated circuits transmit image/video data to the display drivers via the conductive electrodes, and the display drivers select particular LED pixels and control the particular LED pixels to emit light based on the image/video data.
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Citations
70 Claims
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1. A device comprising:
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a substrate including a first side and a second side; an array of light-emitting pixels formed on the first side, each pixel including at least one light-emitting element and at least one non-volatile memory coupled to the at least one light-emitting element; control electronics formed on the second side; and interconnects penetrating through the substrate and conductively coupling the array of pixels on the first side to the control electronics on the second side. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25)
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26. An integrated active-matrix light-emitting diode (LED) pixel display, comprising:
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a silicon semiconductor substrate including a first side and a second side; an array of active-matrix LED pixels formed on the first side, each LED pixel including at least one LED and at least one non-volatile memory coupled to the at least one LED; a plurality of display drivers formed on the first side and coupled to the LED pixels; one or more integrated circuits formed on the second side; and a plurality of conductive electrodes penetrating through the silicon substrate and coupling the display drivers on the first side to the one or more integrated circuits on the second side, wherein the one or more integrated circuits transmit image or video data to the display drivers via the conductive electrodes, and the display drivers select one or more particular LED pixels and control the particular LED pixels to emit light based on the image or video data. - View Dependent Claims (27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32)
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33. A method of forming integrated light-emitting pixel arrays for display, comprising:
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preparing a substrate that has a first side and a second side; forming light-emitting pixel arrays on the first side, each pixel comprising at least one light-emitting element and at least one non-volatile memory coupled to the at least one light-emitting element; forming conductive interconnects through the substrate; and forming one or more integrated circuits on the second side, the interconnects conductively coupling the one or more integrated circuits to the light-emitting pixels. - View Dependent Claims (34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40)
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41. A method of displaying an image on an integrated display system formed on a substrate, the method comprising:
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receiving an instruction to display an image on the display system; analyzing, by a controller of the display system, the image to obtain image data, the controller being formed on a first side of the substrate; transmitting, by the controller, the image data to one or more display drivers formed on a second side of the substrate via conductive interconnects penetrating trough the substrate; selecting, by the display drivers, one or more light-emitting pixels of an array of light-emitting pixels formed on the second side of the substrate; and controlling, by the display drivers, the selected light-emitting pixels to emit light corresponding to the image data to display the image.
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42. A device comprising:
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a substrate including a first side and a second side; an array of light-emitting elements formed on the first side; a plurality of non-volatile memories formed on the second side; a plurality of scanning drivers and data drivers on the second side; and interconnects penetrating through the substrate and conductively coupling the array of light-emitting elements on the first side to the plurality of non-volatile memories on the second side, wherein each of the light-emitting elements is coupled to a respective one of the plurality of non-volatile memories to form a corresponding active-matrix light-emitting pixel, wherein each of the active-matrix light-emitting pixels is coupled to one of the scanning drivers through at least one word line and one of the data drivers through at least one bit line, and wherein the word lines and the bits lines are formed on the second side. - View Dependent Claims (43, 44)
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45. An integrated light-emitting diode (LED) display device, comprising:
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a silicon substrate comprising a first side and a second side; an array of light-emitting pixels formed on the first side, each pixel including at least one light-emitting diode (LED) and at least one non-volatile memory; a plurality of scanning drivers and a plurality of data drivers formed on the first side, wherein each pixel is coupled to a corresponding scanning driver through at least one word line and to a corresponding data driver through at least one data line, the word lines and the data lines being conductive metal lines; one or more digital signal processors and one or more analog signal processors formed on the second side; and a plurality of conductive electrodes penetrating through the silicon substrate and between the first side and the second side, the conductive electrodes coupling the plurality of scanning drivers and the plurality of data drivers on the first side to the digital signal processors on the second side to form the integrated LED display device. - View Dependent Claims (46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54)
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55. A method of fabricating an integrate LED pixel display device, comprising:
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forming an array of silicon surfaces parallel to a (111) crystalline plane on a first side of a silicon substrate; epitaxially growing an array of LEDs on the (111) silicon surfaces by at least one of metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD), molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), or atomic layer deposition (ALD); forming, for each LED pixel, at least one non-volatile memory adjacent to each of the LEDs in the LED pixel on the first side of the silicon substrate; forming a plurality of row scanning drivers and a plurality of column data drivers on the first side of the silicon substrate; forming row metal connection lines and column metal connection lines on the first side of the silicon substrate, wherein each of the LEDs is connected to a corresponding non-volatile memory that is connected to one of the scanning drivers through at least one row metal connection line and to one of the data drivers through at least one column line; forming conductive electrodes connecting the first side and a second side of the silicon substrate by;
dry etching the silicon substrate from the second side to form through-holes in the silicon substrate, insulating inner surfaces of the through-holes, and filling metal in the through-holes;forming control electronics on the second side of the silicon substrate, wherein the control electronics comprises at least one of;
a controller, a data processor, an image processor, a signal amplifier, an analog to digital converter (ADC), a digital to analog converter (DAC), a memory, or a signal sensor;forming an array of secondary light emitting elements on surfaces of the formed LEDs by using different color phosphor materials or different size quantum dots materials, such that the array of LEDs is operable to emit at least three colors including red, blue, and green; and
thenforming a transparent protective layer on the array of the LEDs, wherein the transparent protective layer is configured to form, together with the non-volatile memories under the transparent protective layer, a capacitive touch screen position sensor.
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56. A device comprising:
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a substrate including a first side and a second side; an array of light-emitting pixels formed on the first side, each pixel including at least one light-emitting element; one or more display drivers formed on the first side and coupled to the array of light-emitting pixels; one or more integrated circuits formed on the second side; and interconnects penetrating through the substrate and conductively coupling the control electronics on the second side to the one or more display drivers. - View Dependent Claims (57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70)
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Specification