Ion Concentration Polarization-Electrocoagulation Hybrid Water Treatment System
First Claim
1. A method of purifying and/or concentrating a first water stream containing ionic impurities comprising:
- a. directing the water stream in a channel comprising an inlet and an outlet and defined, at least in part by two juxtaposed ion exchange membranes, wherein the ion exchange membranes are characterized by the same charge,b. applying a voltage or current in the overlimiting regime across the water stream channel;
whereby, an ion depletion zone (dde) comprising a purified water stream and an ion enrichment zone (den) comprising a concentrated ion aqueous stream are generated and ions are transferred through the ion exchange membranes;
collecting the purified water stream and/or the concentrated ion aqueous stream.
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Accused Products
Abstract
Between two juxtaposed similar ion exchange membranes (AEMs or CEMs), an ion depletion zone and ion enrichment zone are generated under an electric field. As cations are selectively transferred through the CEMs, for example, anions are relocated in order to achieve electro-neutrality, resulting in the concentration drop (increase) in ion depletion (enrichment) zone. The use of a sacrificial metal anode allows electrocoagulation (EC) concurrently with ICP thereby permitting concentration of both ionic and non-ionic impurities to occur at the same time within the same cell or device.
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Citations
34 Claims
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1. A method of purifying and/or concentrating a first water stream containing ionic impurities comprising:
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a. directing the water stream in a channel comprising an inlet and an outlet and defined, at least in part by two juxtaposed ion exchange membranes, wherein the ion exchange membranes are characterized by the same charge, b. applying a voltage or current in the overlimiting regime across the water stream channel; whereby, an ion depletion zone (dde) comprising a purified water stream and an ion enrichment zone (den) comprising a concentrated ion aqueous stream are generated and ions are transferred through the ion exchange membranes;
collecting the purified water stream and/or the concentrated ion aqueous stream. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 33, 34)
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12. (canceled)
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19. The method of claim 19, wherein the metal anode is sacrificial.
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20-32. -32. (canceled)
Specification