Backscatter Communication Among Commodity WiFi Radios

• US 20180212807A1
• Filed: 08/14/2017
• Published: 07/26/2018
• Est. Priority Date: 08/12/2016
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University (Stanford Management Co.)
• Original Assignee: Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University (Stanford Management Co.)
• Inventors: ZHANG, Pengyu, BHARADIA, Dinesh, JOSHI, Kiran, KATTI, Sachin
• Granted Patent: US 10,338,205 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/00 Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/751 wherein the responder or reflector radiates a coded signal
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/755 using delay lines, e.g. acoustic delay lines
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/758 using a signal generator powered by the interrogation signal
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/00 Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/72 for local intradevice communication
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/77 for interrogation
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/066 Carrier recovery circuits H04L27/2271 takes precedence

Abstract

A backscatter tag communicate device includes, in part, a receiver configured to receive a WiFi packet conforming to a communication protocol defining a multitude of codewords, a mapper configured to map at least a first subset of the multitude of codewords disposed in the packet to a second multitude of codewords defined by the protocol, and a frequency shifter configured to shift a frequency of the second multitude of codewords such that the frequency shifted codewords are characterized by a single sideband spectrum. The communication protocol may be the 802.11b communication protocol. The mapper may optionally map the first subset of the multitude of codewords by changing phases of the first subset of the multitude of codewords.

Claims

1. A backscatter tag communicate device comprising:

a receiver configured to receive a WiFi packet conforming to a communication protocol defining a plurality of codewords;

a mapper configured to map at least a first subset of the plurality of codewords disposed in the packet to a second plurality of codewords defined by the protocol; and

a frequency shifter configured to shift a frequency of the second plurality of codewords such that the frequency shifted codewords are characterized by a single sideband spectrum.

2. The backscatter tag communication device of claim 1 wherein said communication protocol is the 802.11b communication protocol.

3. The backscatter tag communication device of claim 2 wherein said mapper is further configured to map the at least first subset of the plurality of codewords by changing phases of the at least first subset of the plurality of codewords.

4. The backscatter tag communication device of claim 3 further comprising:

a first signal splitter configured to split a WiFi signal representative of the WiFi packet into first and second signals.

5. The backscatter tag communication device of claim 4 further comprising:

a first on-off keying block disposed in a first path and adapted to receive the first signal; and

a second on-off keying block disposed in a second path and adapted to receive the second signal.

6. The backscatter tag communication device of claim 5 further comprising:

a delay element adapted to delay the first signal to generate a third signal.

7. The backscatter tag communication device of claim 6 further comprising a coupler configured to:

receive an output of the first on-off keying block;

receive a delayed output of the second on-off keying block;

shift a phase of the delayed output of the second on-off keying block; and

combine the output of the first on-off keying block with the phase-shifted delayed output of the second on-off-keying block, said combined output being the single sideband signal of the backscatter tag communication device.

8. The backscatter tag communication device of claim 7 further comprising:

a second signal splitter adapted to receive the WiFi signal from a receive antenna and supply the received WiFi signal to the first signal splitter; and

a signal integrator adapted to integrate the WiFi signal received from the second splitter and deliver the integrated signal to a control logic.

9. The backscatter tag communication device of claim 8 further comprising:

a multiplexer configure to select between an oscillating signal or a delayed replica of the oscillating signal in response to a select signal the multiplexer receives from the control logic.

10. The backscatter tag communication device of claim 9 wherein said multiplexer is further configure to deliver the selected signal to the control logic.

15. The method of claim 4 further comprising:

supplying the first signal to a first on-off keying block disposed in a first path; and

supplying the second signal to a second on-off keying block disposed in a second path.

16. The method of claim 15 further comprising:

delaying the first signal to generate a third signal.

17. The method of claim 16 further comprising:

receiving an output of the first on-off keying block;

receiving a delayed output of the second on-off keying block;

shifting a phase of the delayed output of the second on-off keying block; and

combining the output of the first on-off keying block with the phase-shifted delayed output of the second on-off-keying block to generate the single sideband signal at an output of the backscatter tag.

18. The method of claim 17 further comprising:

splitting the received the WiFi signal from a receive antenna using a second splitter;

supplying a first WiFi signal split by the second splitter to the first signal splitter; and

integrating the second WiFi signal split by the second splitter; and

delivering the integrated signal to a control logic.

19. The method of claim 18 further comprising:

selecting between an oscillating signal or a delayed replica of the oscillating signal in response to a control signal supplied by the control logic.

20. The method of claim 19 further comprising:

delivering the selected signal to the control logic.

11. A method of communication via a backscatter tag, the method comprising:

receiving a packet conforming to a WiFi communication protocol defining a plurality of codewords;

mapping at least a first subset of the plurality of codewords disposed in the packet to a second plurality of codewords defined by the protocol; and

shifting a frequency of the second plurality of codewords such that the frequency shifted codewords are characterized by a single sideband spectrum.

12. The method of claim 11 wherein said communication protocol is the 802.11b communication protocol.

13. The method of claim 12 further comprising:

mapping the at least first subset of the plurality of codewords to a second plurality of codewords by changing phases of the at least first subset of the plurality of codewords.

14. The method of claim 13 further comprising:

splitting a WiFi signal representative of the WiFi packet into first and second signals using a first signal splitter.