NEAT METHODS FOR FORMING TITANIUM CATECHOLATE COMPLEXES AND ASSOCIATED COMPOSITIONS
First Claim
1. A method comprising:
- combining a catechol compound and a titanium reagent in an absence of solvent to produce a reaction mixture; and
reacting the titanium reagent with the catechol compound in a neat state to form a titanium catecholate complex comprising at least one catecholate ligand.
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Abstract
Titanium catecholate complexes can be desirable active materials for flow batteries and other electrochemical energy storage systems, particularly when incorporated in aqueous electrolyte solutions. It can be desirable to avoid introducing even traces of certain organic solvents into aqueous electrolyte solutions. Neat methods for synthesizing titanium catecholate complexes can help avoid the unwanted introduction of trace organic solvents into aqueous electrolyte solutions and also provide further advantages. Methods for synthesizing titanium catecholate complexes can include: combining a catechol compound and a titanium reagent in an absence of solvent to produce a reaction mixture, and reacting the titanium reagent with the catechol compound in a neat state to form a titanium catecholate complex containing at least one catecholate ligand. The titanium catecholate complex can be further reacted with a base to produce a salt form titanium catecholate complex, which can be present in an aqueous phase.
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Citations
25 Claims
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1. A method comprising:
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combining a catechol compound and a titanium reagent in an absence of solvent to produce a reaction mixture; and reacting the titanium reagent with the catechol compound in a neat state to form a titanium catecholate complex comprising at least one catecholate ligand. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18)
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19. A method comprising:
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combining a catechol compound and a titanium reagent in an absence of solvent to form a reaction mixture; reacting the titanium reagent with the catechol compound in a neat state to form a titanium catecholate complex comprising at least one catecholate ligand; wherein the titanium reagent is in a liquid state while reacting with the catechol compound; separating a byproduct species comprising a hydrogen halide gas from the titanium catecholate complex; and after separating the byproduct species, reacting a base with the titanium catecholate complex to produce a salt form titanium catecholate complex. - View Dependent Claims (20, 21, 22)
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23. A composition comprising:
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an aqueous phase; and a salt form titanium catecholate complex dissolved in the aqueous phase and comprising at least one catecholate ligand; wherein the composition is substantially free of organic solvents and an extraneous salt in the aqueous phase that is not associated with the salt form titanium catecholate complex. - View Dependent Claims (24, 25)
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Specification