Vehicle Having a High-Voltage Battery

• US 20190074561A1
• Filed: 11/08/2018
• Published: 03/07/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 05/10/2016
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
• Original Assignee: Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
• Inventors: SCHWARZER, Michael, BEN SALAH, Semi, FLAHAUT, Nicolas
• Granted Patent: US 10,910,685 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 1/04 of the electric storage means for propulsion exchanging batteries for electric propulsion of vehicles B60L53/80; for auxiliary purposes only B60R16/04; supplying batteries to, or removing batteries from, vehicles B60S5/06
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 11/02 with liquid cooling
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 2001/005 the electric storage means
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 2001/0438 Arrangement under the floor
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/0007 Measures or means for preventing or attenuating collisions
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/26 by cooling
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0413 Large-sized flat cells or batteries for motive or stationary systems with plate-like electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0468 Compression means for stacks of electrodes and separators
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0472 Vertically superposed cells with vertically disposed plates
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/613 Cooling or keeping cold
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/625 Vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/653 characterised by electrically insulating or thermally conductive materials
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/6553 Terminals or leads
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/6555 arranged between the cells
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/6557 arranged between the cells
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/6561 Gases
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/6567 Liquids
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/6568 characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/663 the system being an air-conditioner or an engine
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2220/20 Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/119 : Metals
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/166 : characterised by the methods of assembling casings with lids
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/211 : adapted for pouch cells
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/224 : Metals
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/227 : Organic material
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/231 : having a layered structure
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/242 : adapted for protecting batteries against vibrations, collision impact or swelling
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/249 : specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles B60L50/64
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/262 : with fastening means, e.g. locks
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/271 : Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 : Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 70/50 : Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 : Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Abstract

Vehicle having a high-voltage battery which has a housing, wherein the housing has a housing floor which is essentially parallel to an underlying surface on which the vehicle is standing or travelling, a housing cover which is arranged spaced apart from the housing floor, housing walls via which the housing floor is connected to the housing cover. The housing has at least one housing structure plate which has a plane of maximum size which is perpendicular with respect to the housing floor and with respect to the housing cover, and an underside which faces the housing floor or is connected thereto, and an upper side which faces the housing cover or is connected thereto. In an interior space of the housing structure plate at least two parallel cooling ducts are provided, through which coolant or a cooling agent flows, and on a first side and a second side, lying opposite the first side, of the housing structure plate at least one electrical storage cell is respectively arranged, in particular a multiplicity of electrical storage cells are respectively arranged, wherein the storage cells each have a positive and a negative connecting pole. At least one connecting pole or both connecting poles of the storage cells is/are connected to the first and/or second side of the housing structure plate in a thermally conductive and electrically insulated fashion.

Claims

1. A vehicle having a high voltage battery, comprising:

a housing of the high voltage battery, wherein the housing comprises;

a housing bottom which is substantially parallel to a roadway on which the vehicle stands or drives;

a housing cover which is arranged spaced apart from the housing bottom;

housing walls, via which the housing bottom is connected to the housing cover;

at least one housing structure plate, the housing structure plate comprising;

a greatest flat plane which is perpendicular with respect to the housing bottom and the housing cover;

an underside which faces the housing bottom or connects to the housing bottom, and an upper side which faces the housing cover or connects to the housing cover;

at least one cooling duct provided in an interior of the housing structure plate, said at least one cooling duct being flowed through by a refrigerant or a coolant;

at least one or more electric battery cells arranged, in each case, on a first side and a second side of the housing structure plate, wherein the second side lies opposite the first side;

wherein the one or more battery cells have, in each case, a positive and a negative connector pole, and

at least one or both connector poles of the one or more battery cells are connected in a thermally conducting and electrically insulated manner to a respective first and/or second side of the housing structure plate.

2. The vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein

at least two parallel cooling ducts are provided in the interior of the housing structure plate, which parallel cooling ducts are flowed through by refrigerant or coolant in directions which are opposed with respect to one another.

3. The vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein

the housing structure plate is arranged between two housing walls which lie opposite one another.

4. The vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein

a first plurality of said cooling ducts act as inflow ducts and a second plurality of said cooling ducts, which are parallel to said first cooling ducts, act as return ducts and are flowed through in the opposite direction to the inflow ducts.

5. The vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein

at least one deflecting line section is provided, via which one end of an inflow duct is flow-connected to a duct start of a return duct.

6. The vehicle as claimed in claim 5, wherein

at least one deflecting line section is formed by way of a component which is inserted between an end side of the housing structure plate and a housing wall.

7. The vehicle as claimed in claim 5, wherein

an end side of the housing structure plate reaches directly as far as a housing wall and is connected to it, and the at least one deflecting line section is integrated into the housing wall.

9. The vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein

the housing structure plate extends in a vehicle longitudinal direction and counteracts crushing of the housing in the case of a longitudinal crash of the vehicle.

10. The vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein

in each case a plurality of battery cell stacks are arranged along the first side and along the second side of the housing structure plate.

11. The vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein

at least two housing structure plates which are arranged parallel to one another are provided in the housing, which housing structure plates in each case have a first and a second side, along which in each case a plurality of battery cell stacks are arranged.

12. The vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein

the battery cells in each case have an upper side and an underside which form the largest sides of the respective battery cell and which are arranged substantially parallel to the housing bottom and to the housing cover.

13. The vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein

the connector pole or poles of the battery cells are connected to the housing structure plate via a thermally conducting and electrically insulating adhesive layer.

14. The vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein

the housing structure plate is under tensile stress and clamps the housing bottom and the housing cover together.

15. The vehicle as claimed in claim 1,

wherein the housing structure plate is made of aluminum or of an aluminum alloy and has been produced in an extrusion process.

16. The vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein

the housing structure plate is made of plastic in an extrusion process, or

the housing structure plate is made of plastic, tubes which form the cooling ducts having been molded or injection molded into the plastic.

17. The vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein

the housing structure plate is welded to the housing cover and/or to the housing bottom.

18. The vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein

the housing structure plate is adhesively bonded to the housing cover and/or to the housing bottom.

19. The vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein

the housing structure plate is connected to the housing cover and/or to the housing bottom by way of screwed connections.

20. The vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein

individual housing walls or all the housing walls are under tensile stress and clamp the housing bottom and the housing cover together.

21. The vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein

the housing bottom is a sandwich component which is constructed from at least two layers.

22. The vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein

an underside of the housing bottom forms an underside of the vehicle.

23. The vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein

a spacing between the roadway and the underside of the housing bottom lies in a range between 120 mm and 200 mm or in the range between 120 mm and 150 mm.

24. The vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein

the cooling ducts of the housing structure plate are connected to a refrigerant circuit of the vehicle and are flowed through by the refrigerant.

25. The vehicle as claimed in claim 24, wherein

the refrigerant circuit has an expansion member which is arranged in the region of one of the housing walls of the high voltage battery.

26. The vehicle as claimed in claim 25, wherein

a spacing between the expansion member and one of the housing walls is less than 20 CM.

27. The vehicle as claimed in claim 25, wherein

the expansion member is arranged on a flange, at which a refrigerant line of the refrigerant circuit is flange-connected to the high voltage battery.

28. The vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein

the battery cells have a housing which is made of sheet metal, or are surrounded by a container which is made of a metal foil.

8. The vehicle as claimed in claim 8, wherein

in each case at least one battery cell stack, which is formed by way of a plurality of battery cells which are connected electrically to one another, is arranged on the first side and the second side of the housing structure plate.