ADVANCED PULSE OXIMETRY SENSOR

• US 20190117140A1
• Filed: 12/19/2018
• Published: 04/25/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 07/02/2015
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Masimo Corporation
• Original Assignee: Masimo Corporation
• Inventors: Al-Ali, Ammar, Scruggs, Stephen
• Granted Patent: US 10,470,695 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/04 Arrangements of multiple sensors of the same type
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/043 in a linear array
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0002 Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network A61B5/07 takes precedence; transmission systems for measured values G08C; transmission H04B; transmission of digital information H04L; wireless communication networks H04W
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/02416 using photoplethysmograph signals, e.g. generated by infrared radiation A61B5/14552 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14532 for measuring glucose, e.g. by tissue impedance measurement
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14546 for measuring analytes not otherwise provided for, e.g. ions, cytochromes
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14552 Details of sensors specially adapted therefor
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4875 Hydration status, fluid retention of the body
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6826 Finger
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7278 Artificial waveform generation or derivation, e.g. synthesising signals from measured signals A61B5/327 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/742 using visual displays A61B5/339 takes precedence

Abstract

A non-invasive, optical-based physiological monitoring system is disclosed. One embodiment includes an emitter configured to emit light. A diffuser is configured to receive and spread the emitted light, and to emit the spread light at a tissue measurement site. The system further includes a concentrator configured to receive the spread light after it has been attenuated by or reflected from the tissue measurement site. The concentrator is also configured to collect and concentrate the received light and to emit the concentrated light to a detector. The detector is configured to detect the concentrated light and to transmit a signal representative of the detected light. A processor is configured to receive the transmitted signal and to determine a physiological parameter, such as, for example, arterial oxygen saturation, in the tissue measurement site.

Claims

1-56. -56. (canceled)

57. A wrist-worn physiological monitoring device configured for placement on a user at a tissue measurement site, the device comprising:

a plurality of emitters configured to emit light towards the tissue measurement site, the tissue measurement site being located on a wrist of the user, the plurality of emitters comprising one or more light-emitting diodes (LEDs) configured to emit one or more wavelengths, the one or more wavelengths comprising at least an infrared wavelength;

a plurality of detectors configured to detect the light emitted by the plurality of emitters after attenuation by tissue of the user at the tissue measurement site, wherein the plurality of detectors comprise one or more photodiodes, the plurality of detectors further configured to output at least one signal responsive to the detected light;

a processor configured to receive the at least one signal responsive to the output and determine a physiological parameter of the user; and

a light block forming an enclosing wall between the light emitted from the plurality of emitters at the tissue measurement site and the plurality of detectors when the physiological monitoring device is worn by the user, wherein the wall prevents at least a portion of light emitted from the plurality of emitters from being detected by the plurality of detectors without attenuation by the tissue.

58. The physiological monitoring device of claim 57, further comprising a display configured to present information related to the determined physiological parameter to the user.

59. The physiological monitoring device of claim 58, wherein the display is a touch-screen display.

60. The physiological monitoring device of claim 57, wherein the enclosing wall of the light block is a circular wall.

61. The physiological monitoring device of claim 57, wherein, when the physiological monitoring device is worn by the user at the tissue measurement site, the plurality of emitters are arranged in a reflectance measurement configuration on a first side of the tissue measurement site, and wherein the plurality of detectors are arranged in a reflectance measurement configuration on the first side of the tissue measurement site when the physiological monitoring device is worn by the user.

62. The physiological monitoring device of claim 57, further comprising a diffuser which receives, spreads, and emits the spread light, wherein the emitted spread light is directed at the tissue measurement site.

63. The physiological monitoring device of claim 57, wherein the plurality of emitters are positioned outside the enclosing wall when the physiological monitoring device is worn by the user at the tissue measurement site, and wherein the plurality of detectors are positioned inside the enclosing wall when the physiological monitoring device is worn by the user at the tissue measurement site.

64. The physiological monitoring device of claim 57, wherein the physiological parameter is selected from the group consisting of arterial oxygen saturation, glucose, and pulse rate.

65. The physiological monitoring device of claim 57, wherein the plurality of detectors are arranged in an array with a spacial configuration corresponding to an irradiated surface area.

66. The physiological monitoring device of claim 65, wherein the irradiated surface area comprises a circular shape.

67. A method of measuring a physiological parameter in a user'"'"'s blood, the method comprising:

emitting, from a plurality of emitters of a physiological monitoring device, light of one or more wavelengths toward a tissue measurement site located on a wrist of the user, wherein the plurality of emitters comprise one or more light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and the one or more wavelengths comprises at least an infrared wavelength;

detecting, with a plurality of detectors, the light emitted by the plurality of emitters after attenuation through tissue of the user at the tissue measurement site, wherein the plurality of detectors comprise one or more photodiodes; and

providing a light block forming an enclosing wall between the light emitted from the plurality of emitters at the tissue measurement site and the plurality of detectors when the physiological monitoring device is worn by the user, wherein the wall prevents at least a portion of light emitted from the plurality of emitters from being detected by the plurality of detectors without attenuation by the tissue;

outputting, from the plurality of detectors, at least one signal responsive to the detected light;

receiving, by a processor, the outputted at least one signal responsive to the detected light; and

processing, by the processor, the received at least one signal responsive to the detected light to determine a physiological parameter.

68. The method of claim 67, wherein the plurality of emitters are positioned outside the enclosing wall when the physiological monitoring device is worn by the user at the tissue measurement site, and wherein the plurality of detectors are positioned inside the enclosing wall when the physiological monitoring device is worn by the user at the tissue measurement site.

69. The method of claim 67, further comprising presenting, with a display of the physiological monitoring device, information related to the determined physiological parameter to the user.

70. The method of claim 69, wherein the display is a touch-screen display.

71. The method of claim 67, wherein the enclosing wall of the light block comprises a circular wall.

72. The method of claim 67, wherein when the physiological monitoring device is worn by the user at the tissue measurement site, the plurality of emitters are arranged in a reflectance measurement configuration on a first side of the tissue measurement site, and wherein the plurality of detectors are arranged in a reflectance measurement configuration on the first side of the tissue measurement site when the physiological monitoring device is worn by the user.

73. The method of claim 67, further comprising spreading, with a diffuser, the emitted light and emitting the spread light from the diffuser to the tissue measurement site.

74. The method of claim 67, wherein the physiological parameter is indicative of at least one of pulse rate, perfusion index, oxygen content, and total hemoglobin.

75. The method of claim 67, wherein the plurality of detectors are arranged in an array with a spacial configuration corresponding to an irradiated surface area.

76. The method of claim 75, wherein the irradiated surface area comprises a circular shape.

77. A wrist-worn physiological monitoring sensor comprising:

a plurality of optical sources configured to emit light towards a tissue measurement site on a user, the tissue measurement site located on a wrist of the user, the plurality of optical sources comprising one or more light-emitting diodes (LEDs) configured to emit one or more wavelengths, the one or more wavelengths comprising at least an infrared wavelength;

a plurality of detectors configured to detect the light emitted by the plurality of emitters after attenuation by tissue of the user at the tissue measurement site, wherein the plurality of detectors comprise one or more photodiodes, the plurality of detectors further configured to output at least one signal responsive to the detected light;

a processor configured to receive the outputted at least one signal responsive to the detected light and determine a physiological parameter indicative of a state or trend of wellness of the user; and

a light block forming an enclosing wall between the light emitted from the plurality of emitters at the tissue measurement site and the plurality of detectors when the physiological monitoring sensor is worn by the user, the light block forming a light isolation chamber defined by the enclosing wall, wherein the wall prevents at least a portion of light emitted from the plurality of emitters from being detected by the plurality of detectors without attenuation by the tissue.

78. The physiological monitoring sensor of claim 77, wherein the plurality of optical sources are located outside the enclosing wall when the physiological monitoring sensor is worn by the user at the tissue measurement site, and wherein the plurality of detectors are arranged inside the enclosing wall when the physiological monitoring sensor is worn by the user at the tissue measurement site.

79. The physiological monitoring sensor of claim 77, wherein the plurality of detectors are arranged in an array so as to capture the emitted light reflected from the tissue of the user at the tissue measurement site.

80. The physiological monitoring sensor of claim 77, wherein the plurality of detectors are arranged with a spacial configuration corresponding to an irradiated surface area.

81. The physiological monitoring sensor of claim 77, further comprising a diffuser which receives, spreads, and emits the spread light, wherein the emitted spread light is directed at the tissue measurement site.

82. The physiological monitoring sensor of claim 77, further comprising a display configured to present information related to the determined physiological parameter to the user.

83. The physiological monitoring sensor of claim 82, wherein the display is a touch-screen display.

84. The physiological monitoring sensor of claim 77, wherein the enclosing wall of the light block is a circular wall.

85. The physiological monitoring sensor of claim 77, wherein when the physiological monitoring sensor is worn by the user at the tissue measurement site, the plurality of emitters are arranged in a reflectance measurement configuration on a first side of the tissue measurement site, and wherein the plurality of detectors are arranged in a reflectance measurement configuration on the first side of the tissue measurement site when the physiological monitoring sensor is worn by the user.

86. The physiological monitoring sensor of claim 77, wherein the physiological parameter is selected from the group consisting of arterial oxygen saturation, glucose, and pulse rate.